Joseph T. Wu
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View article: Estimating the impact of vaccination and long-acting monoclonal antibodies for RSV epidemics across Hong Kong, Beijing, and Thailand: a modelling study
Estimating the impact of vaccination and long-acting monoclonal antibodies for RSV epidemics across Hong Kong, Beijing, and Thailand: a modelling study Open
Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory infections worldwide, with high morbidity among infants and older adults. Recent approvals of long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and vaccines of…
View article: VisionCAD: An Integration-Free Radiology Copilot Framework
VisionCAD: An Integration-Free Radiology Copilot Framework Open
Widespread clinical deployment of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems is hindered by the challenge of integrating with existing hospital IT infrastructure. Here, we introduce VisionCAD, a vision-based radiological assistance framework t…
View article: Cost-effectiveness and health impact of gender-neutral and single-dose HPV vaccination in Hong Kong
Cost-effectiveness and health impact of gender-neutral and single-dose HPV vaccination in Hong Kong Open
Background Since 2019, Hong Kong has implemented a routine nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program for schoolgirls aged 10-12 years with two-dose uptake of over 85%. However, the impacts of gender-neutral vaccination (GNV…
View article: HLA-B*15:01-positive severe COVID-19 patients lack CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cell pools with highly expanded public clonotypes
HLA-B*15:01-positive severe COVID-19 patients lack CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cell pools with highly expanded public clonotypes Open
Understanding host factors driving asymptomatic versus severe disease outcomes is of key importance if we are to control emerging and re-emerging viral infections. HLA-B*15:01 has been associated with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in n…
View article: Enhancing global health security responses through greater inclusion of the global south in infectious disease modelling
Enhancing global health security responses through greater inclusion of the global south in infectious disease modelling Open
View article: Can LLMs Generate Reliable Test Case Generators? A Study on Competition-Level Programming Problems
Can LLMs Generate Reliable Test Case Generators? A Study on Competition-Level Programming Problems Open
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, capable of tackling complex tasks during inference. However, the extent to which LLMs can be utilized for code checking or debugging through test ca…
View article: Impact of digital communication message on HPV vaccine decision-making among Japanese mothers: A randomized controlled trial
Impact of digital communication message on HPV vaccine decision-making among Japanese mothers: A randomized controlled trial Open
View article: A vaccine chatbot intervention for parents to improve HPV vaccination uptake among middle school girls: a cluster randomized trial
A vaccine chatbot intervention for parents to improve HPV vaccination uptake among middle school girls: a cluster randomized trial Open
Conversational artificial intelligence, in the form of chatbots powered by large language models, offers a new approach to facilitating human-like interactions, yet its efficacy in enhancing vaccination uptake remains under-investigated. T…
View article: Developing a named entity framework for thyroid cancer staging and risk level classification using large language models
Developing a named entity framework for thyroid cancer staging and risk level classification using large language models Open
View article: Optimizing Global Genomic Surveillance for Early Detection of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants.
Optimizing Global Genomic Surveillance for Early Detection of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Open
These findings provide a quantitative, cost-effective framework for strengthening global genomic surveillance. By reallocating resources toward international travelers in select travel hubs, early detection of emerging variants can be enha…
View article: Identifying vaccine-hesitant subgroups in the Western Pacific using latent class analysis
Identifying vaccine-hesitant subgroups in the Western Pacific using latent class analysis Open
View article: A Systematic Review of Global Perspectives on Uterine Transplantation Among Women at Reproductive Age
A Systematic Review of Global Perspectives on Uterine Transplantation Among Women at Reproductive Age Open
View article: Reducing antibiotic use with diarrhoeal vaccines
Reducing antibiotic use with diarrhoeal vaccines Open
View article: Immuno-persistence after the fourth and fifth doses of inactivated polio vaccines in school-aged children
Immuno-persistence after the fourth and fifth doses of inactivated polio vaccines in school-aged children Open
The results revealed the immuno-persistence after the fourth and fifth doses of IPV and highlighted the importance of completing immunization series to ensure high vaccination coverage, particularly among children in the developing countri…
View article: Exploring Offline Large Language Models for Clinical Information Extraction: A Study of Renal Histopathological Reports of Lupus Nephritis Patients
Exploring Offline Large Language Models for Clinical Information Extraction: A Study of Renal Histopathological Reports of Lupus Nephritis Patients Open
Open source, lightweight and offline generative large language models (LLMs) hold promise for clinical information extraction due to their suitability to operate in secured environments using commodity hardware without token cost. By creat…
View article: Wastewater Surveillance Provides Spatiotemporal SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dynamics
Wastewater Surveillance Provides Spatiotemporal SARS-CoV-2 Infection Dynamics Open
Wastewater surveillance (WWS) can leverage its wide coverage, population-based sampling, and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical surveillance. Here we conducted a nine months daily WWS for …
View article: Robust expansion of phylogeny for fast-growing genome sequence data
Robust expansion of phylogeny for fast-growing genome sequence data Open
Massive sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 genomes has urged novel methods that employ existing phylogenies to add new samples efficiently instead of de novo inference. ‘TIPars’ was developed for such challenge integrating parsimony analysis with pr…
View article: Report from the World Health Organization’s immunization and vaccines related implementation research advisory committee (IVIR-AC) meeting, Geneva, 11–13 September 2023
Report from the World Health Organization’s immunization and vaccines related implementation research advisory committee (IVIR-AC) meeting, Geneva, 11–13 September 2023 Open
Evaluating vaccine-related research is critical to maximize the potential of vaccination programmes. The WHO Immunization and Vaccine-related Implementation Research Advisory Committee (IVIR-AC) provides an independent review of research t…
View article: Immuno-persistence after the 4th and 5th dose of inactivated polio vaccines in school-aged children
Immuno-persistence after the 4th and 5th dose of inactivated polio vaccines in school-aged children Open
Despite decades of research, questions remain about the persistence of neutralising antibodies (nAb) and serological correlates of polio vaccine efficacy. In a cross-sectional study among 299 children in Hong Kong, we estimated that the me…
View article: Estimating the Epidemic Size of Superspreading Coronavirus Outbreaks in Real Time: Quantitative Study
Estimating the Epidemic Size of Superspreading Coronavirus Outbreaks in Real Time: Quantitative Study Open
Background Novel coronaviruses have emerged and caused major epidemics and pandemics in the past 2 decades, including SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, which led to the current COVID-19 pandemic. These coronaviruses are marked by their…
View article: 25.1 Case Study: Modeling Fractional-Dose Emergency Vaccination Campaigns for Yellow Fever
25.1 Case Study: Modeling Fractional-Dose Emergency Vaccination Campaigns for Yellow Fever Open
Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne disease with no specific treatment. The burden of YF was much reduced around the world in the 1950s, but many mosquito control programs were allowed to lapse thereafter, and the World Health Organizati…
View article: F1ALA: ultrafast and memory-efficient ancestral lineage annotation applied to the huge SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny
F1ALA: ultrafast and memory-efficient ancestral lineage annotation applied to the huge SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny Open
The unprecedentedly large size of the global SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny makes any computation on the tree difficult. Lineage identification (e.g. the PANGO nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2) and assignment are key to track the virus evolution. It requ…
View article: Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibodies in Healthy Adults after Exposure to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09
Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibodies in Healthy Adults after Exposure to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Open
We detected high titers of cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibition antibodies to influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b in 96.8% (61/63) of serum samples from healthy adults in Hong Kong in 2020. In contrast, antibodies at low titers were …
View article: Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibodies in Healthy Adults after Exposure to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09
Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibodies in Healthy Adults after Exposure to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Open
We detected high titers of cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibition antibodies to influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b in 96.8% (61/63) of serum samples from healthy adults in Hong Kong in 2020. In contrast, antibodies at low titers were …
View article: Optimal timing of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment after COVID-19 symptom onset or diagnosis: target trial emulation
Optimal timing of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment after COVID-19 symptom onset or diagnosis: target trial emulation Open
View article: Serological assays for differentiating natural COVID-19 infection from vaccine induced immunity
Serological assays for differentiating natural COVID-19 infection from vaccine induced immunity Open
Anti-N-CTD antibody assays provide good discrimination between natural infection and vaccination in BNT162b2 vaccinated individuals. Anti-ORF8 antibody can help discriminate infection from vaccination in either type of vaccine and help est…
View article: Cervical screening among Chinese females in the era of HPV vaccination: a population-based survey on screening uptake and regular screening following an 18-year organized screening program
Cervical screening among Chinese females in the era of HPV vaccination: a population-based survey on screening uptake and regular screening following an 18-year organized screening program Open
Responded Chinese females showed good cervical screening uptake but were moderately adherent to regular screening. Policymakers should emphasize the importance of regular screening and the recommended screening frequency by HPV vaccination…
View article: Author Correction: Real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron BA.2 variant in a SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive population
Author Correction: Real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron BA.2 variant in a SARS-CoV-2 infection-naive population Open
View article: COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Reasons for Vaccine Refusal
COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Reasons for Vaccine Refusal Open
Importance Hong Kong was held as an exemplar for pandemic response until it recorded the world’s highest daily COVID-19 mortality, which was likely due to vaccine refusal. To prevent this high mortality in future pandemics, information on …
View article: Dissecting human population variation in single-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2
Dissecting human population variation in single-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 Open
Humans display substantial interindividual clinical variability after SARS-CoV-2 infection 1–3 , the genetic and immunological basis of which has begun to be deciphered 4 . However, the extent and drivers of population differences in immun…