Explanipedia

Investigating the stable ductile grinding regime for optical processing using a dicing saw Open

J. M. Keen, M. V. D’Souza, Paul C. Gow, Glenn Churchill, Corin B. E. Gawith , et al. · 2025

Ductile grinding on a dicing saw is a viable technique for producing optical waveguides and facets in brittle materials, particularly commercially produced lithium niobate waveguides. However, to date, the literature has focused on empiric…

Hybrid Integration of Quantum Cascade Lasers with Germanium-on-Silicon waveguides for Mid-Infrared Sensing Applications Open

C. J. Mitchell, Ke Li, James C. Gates, Jon Heffernan, Goran Z. Mashanovich · 2025

We present a novel scheme for hybrid integration of quantum cascade laser bars with germanium-on-silicon waveguides operating in the mid-infrared. The laser bars are flip-chip bonded onto a germanium-on-silicon target chip without active a…

Low Crosstalk in a Scalable Superconducting Quantum Lattice Open

Mohammed Alghadeer, Shuxiang Cao, Simone D Fasciati, Michèle Piscitelli, Paul C. Gow , et al. · 2025

Superconducting quantum circuits are a key platform for advancing quantum information processing and simulation. Scaling efforts currently encounter challenges such as Josephson-junction fabrication yield, design frequency targeting, and c…

Integration of Through‐Sapphire Substrate Machining with Superconducting Quantum Processors (Adv. Mater. 9/2025) Open

Narendra Acharya, A. Robert Armstrong, Yashwanth Balaji, Kevin G. Crawford, James C. Gates , et al. · 2025

375-395nm UV Generation in Zn-indiffused MgO-doped PPLN Waveguides pumped by an Alexandrite Laser Open

Goronwy Tawy, Noelia Palomar Davidson, Rex H. S. Bannerman, Glenn Churchill, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2025

We present results of wide wavelength coverage in the ultra-violet (UV) from a Zn-indiffused MgO-doped periodically-poled lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguide. A continuous tuning range of 375-395 nm is obtained via second-harmonic-generation …

Integration of Through‐Sapphire Substrate Machining with Superconducting Quantum Processors Open

Narendra Acharya, A. Robert Armstrong, Yashwanth Balaji, Kevin G. Crawford, James C. Gates , et al. · 2025

A sapphire machining process integrated with intermediate‐scale quantum processors is demonstrated. The process allows through‐substrate electrical connections, necessary for low‐frequency mode‐mitigation, as well as signal‐routing, which …

Investigation of SiO2${\rm SiO}_{2}$ Cladding Application on Ta2O5${\rm Ta}_{2}{\rm O}_{5}$ Films for Reduction of Delamination During Dicing Open

Paul C. Gow, Wenjie Wang, Glenn Churchill, Martin D. B. Charlton, Corin B. E. Gawith , et al. · 2025

Tantalum pentoxide () is of interest in photonics due to its optical properties, including high non‐linear refractive index and low optical propagation losses. Here we investigate mechanical dicing parameters, including depth of cut and ma…

Simultaneous Frequency Conversion and Spectral-Temporal Shaping of Single-Photon Pulses Open

Michał Mikołajczyk, Ali Golestani, Rex H. S. Bannerman, James C. Gates, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2025

We demonstrate a quantum interface that simultaneously converts the wavelength, bandwidth, and duration of single-photon-level pulses, enabling compatibility between disparate quantum systems. Using difference frequency generation in a lit…

Holographically fabricated out-of-plane blazed gratings and channel waveguides in silica for integrated free-space beam delivery Open

Q. Salman Ahmed, Paul C. Gow, James Field, Dong-Woo Ko, Rex H. S. Bannerman , et al. · 2024

Grating couplers are widely used in integrated optics to generate free-space beams and facilitate localized interactions with systems such as atom or ion traps. However, etched devices often exhibit small-scale inconsistencies; exacerbated…

L- to U-Band Wavelength Conversion of QPSK Signals Using Intermodal Four-Wave Mixing Open

Valerio Vitali, Kyle R. H. Bottrill, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Hao Liu, José Manuel Luque‐González , et al. · 2024

Efficient and broadband all-optical wavelength converters represent key components for the development of next-generation optical communications systems. We demonstrate here L-to U-band wavelength conversion of 50-Gbps quadrature phase-shi…

Integration of through-sapphire substrate machining with superconducting quantum processors Open

Narendra Acharya, A. Robert Armstrong, Yashwanth Balaji, Kevin G. Crawford, James C. Gates , et al. · 2024

We demonstrate a sapphire machining process integrated with intermediate-scale quantum processors. The process allows through-substrate electrical connections, necessary for low-frequency mode-mitigation, as well as signal-routing, which a…

Broadband Wavelength Conversion in Integrated Waveguides Based on Intermodal Four-Wave Mixing Open

Valerio Vitali, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Hao Liu, José Manuel Luque‐González, Francisco Jurado-Romero , et al. · 2024

The realization of broadband all-optical wavelength converters and frequency synthesizers represents a key element for the development of next-generation optical communications systems. In this regard, the use of intermodal nonlinear proce…

Advances in laser‐based manufacturing techniques for specialty optical fiber Open

Pawel Maniewski, Tim Julian Wörmann, Valdas Pašiškevičius, Christopher Holmes, James C. Gates , et al. · 2024

As demand for customized specialty fibers grows, standardized production methods face challenges. This article reviews industry standards and discusses potentially disruptive techniques that enable rapid prototyping and fabrication of opti…

Coupling Nanowire Quantum Dots to Optical Waveguides by Microsphere-Induced Photonic Nanojet Open

S. I. Tsintzos, Konstantinos Tsimvrakidis, James C. Gates, Ali W. Elshaari, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2024

Silica-on-silicon is a major optical integration platform, while the emergent class of the integrated laser-written circuits’ platform offers additionally high customizability and flexibility for rapid prototyping. However, the inherent wa…

Mechanical dicing of optical quality facets and waveguides in a Silicon Nitride platform. Open

Paul C. Gow, Glenn Churchill, Valerio Vitali, Thalia Dominguez-Bucio, Frédéric Y. Gardes , et al. · 2024

We report a ductile dicing process for manufacturing optical-quality facets in a multi-layered silicon nitride platform without the need for polishing. A surface roughness (Sa) of 1.5 nm was achieved. This technique was extended to fabrica…

Coupling Nanowire Quantum Dots to Optical Waveguides by Microsphere Induced Photonic Nanojet Open

S. I. Tsintzos, Konstantinos Tsimvrakidis, James C. Gates, Ali W. Elshaari, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2024

Silica on Silicon is a major optical integration platform, while the emergent class of integrated Laser written circuits' platform offers additionally high customizability, and flexibility for rapid prototyping. However, the inherent …

Mechanical dicing of optical quality facets and waveguides in a silicon nitride platform Open

Paul C. Gow, Glenn Churchill, Valerio Vitali, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Frédéric Y. Gardes , et al. · 2024

The authors report a ductile dicing process for manufacturing optical‐quality facets in a multi‐layered silicon nitride platform without the need for polishing. A surface roughness (Sa) of 1.5 nm was achieved. This technique was extended t…

30 years of PPLN-what is old, what is new, and where next for PPLN and QPM material research? Open

Peter G. R. Smith, Goronwy Tawy, Rex H. S. Bannerman, Corin B. E. Gawith, Paolo L. Mennea , et al. · 2024

Since the first demonstration of electric field poling in 1993 - by workers at Sony - periodically poled materials (e.g. PPLN) have become ubiquitous in photonics. Their ability to allow quasi-phase matching opens up nonlinear optics acros…

Broadband wavelength conversion in Si-rich silicon nitride waveguides based on intermodal four-wave mixing Open

Valerio Vitali, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Hao Liu, Kyle R. H. Bottrill, José Manuel Luque‐González , et al. · 2024

All-optical wavelength converters and frequency synthesizers represent essential components for the development of advanced and reconfigurable optical communications systems. In this respect, the exploitation of intermodal nonlinear proces…

Non-linear Frequency Conversion Waveguides for Quantum Technology Open

James C. Gates, Noelia Palomar Davidson, Matthew D’Souza, Goronwy Tawy, Glenn Churchill , et al. · 2024

This talk will describe the fabrication of periodically poled lithium niobate non-linear waveguides for the emerging quantum technology industry. It will address the challenges of optical engineering high-efficiency frequency conversion de…

Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing Open

Valerio Vitali, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Hao Liu, José Manuel Luque‐González, Francisco Jurado-Romero , et al. · 2023

Intermodal four-wave mixing (FWM) processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial mode…

Demonstrating low Raman background in UV-written SiO<sub>2</sub> waveguides Open

Mathias Novik Jensen, James C. Gates, Alex I. Flint, Olav Gaute Hellesø · 2023

Raman spectroscopy can give a chemical ’fingerprint’ from both inorganic and organic samples, and has become a viable method of measuring the chemical composition of single biological particles. In parallel, integration of waveguides and m…

Grating-incoupled waveguide-enhanced Raman sensor Open

Mohamed A. Ettabib, Bethany M. Bowden, Zhen Liu, Almudena Martí, Glenn Churchill , et al. · 2023

We report a waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) platform with alignment-tolerant under-chip grating input coupling. The demonstration is based on a 100-nm thick planar (slab) tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ) waveguide and the use of…

Temperature-tunable UV generation using an Alexandrite laser and PPLN waveguides Open

Goronwy Tawy, Noelia Palomar Davidson, Glenn Churchill, M. J. Damzen, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2023

We present a simple and novel technique for achieving ultra-violet (UV) wavelength-tunable laser operation in the continuous-wave regime. Wavelength tunable operation in the near infrared is obtained from a compact two-mirror Alexandrite l…

High-efficiency reflector-less dual-level silicon photonic grating coupler Open

Valerio Vitali, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Cosimo Lacava, R. Marchetti, Lorenzo Mastronardi , et al. · 2023

We present the design and experimentally demonstrate a dual-level grating coupler with subdecibel efficiency for a 220 nm thick silicon photonics waveguide which was fabricated starting from a 340 nm silicon-on-insulator wafer. The propose…

Effects of ultraviolet exposure on silicon nitride and its application in tuning passive photonic devices Open

Greta De Paoli, Alex I. Flint, Thalía Domínguez Bucio, Graham T. Reed, James C. Gates , et al. · 2023

Silicon nitride films with different compositions are exposed to ultraviolet light using both an LED and a laser as light sources (with a wavelength of 244 nm and 265 nm, respectively). Collected data suggests a decrease in refractive inde…

Investigation into the writing dynamics of planar Bragg gratings using pulsed 213 nm radiation Open

Q. Salman Ahmed, James Field, Christopher Holmes, Swe Zin Oo, Paolo L. Mennea , et al. · 2023

We present the first substantive investigation into the photosensitivity response of planar-doped silica to pulsed 213 nm light. We look at the response over a broad range of fluences and average powers to identify suitable regimes for sim…

Nanowire Integration in Silica Based Integrated Optical Circuits: Limitations and Challenges Towards Quantum Computing Open

Christos Riziotis, Konstantinos Tsimvrakidis, S. I. Tsintzos, James C. Gates, Peter G. R. Smith , et al. · 2023

Out-of-plane beam shaping with UV-written tilted Bragg gratings for beam delivery on quantum chips Open

Dong-Woo Ko, Q. Salman Ahmed, James Field, James C. Gates, Péter Horák · 2022

We theoretically and numerically investigate the performance of tilted Bragg gratings in planar waveguides, fabricated by direct UV writing in photosensitive silica, to couple light out of a chip. An analytic expression is derived for the …

High coherence and low cross-talk in a tileable 3D integrated superconducting circuit architecture Open

Peter Spring, Shuxiang Cao, Takahiro Tsunoda, Giulio Campanaro, Simone D Fasciati , et al. · 2022

We report high qubit coherence as well as low cross-talk and single-qubit gate errors in a superconducting circuit architecture that promises to be tileable to two-dimensional (2D) lattices of qubits. The architecture integrates an inducti…

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