John Aplin
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View article: Protein O-GlcNAcylation in reproductive biology and the impact of metabolic disease
Protein O-GlcNAcylation in reproductive biology and the impact of metabolic disease Open
BACKGROUND Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a reversible post-translational modification which regulates the function of thousands of proteins to control generic and cell type-specific actions. O-GlcNAc addition and removal downstream of the hex…
View article: Evidence of glycan mosaicism in the equine oviduct
Evidence of glycan mosaicism in the equine oviduct Open
We report a lectin histochemical study of oviductal ampulla and isthmus of thirteen mares euthanised at anestrus (1), estrus (5), 1-day post-ovulation (5) or diestrus (2). Staining with a panel of 5 lectins recognizing N-Acetylgalactosamin…
View article: NOTUM-mediated WNT silencing drives extravillous trophoblast cell lineage development
NOTUM-mediated WNT silencing drives extravillous trophoblast cell lineage development Open
Trophoblast stem (TS) cells have the unique capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types, including extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. EVT cells invade into and transform the uterus where they act to remodel the vasculature fac…
View article: Glucose influences endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation through O-GlcNAcylation-mediated regulation of the cytoskeleton
Glucose influences endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation through O-GlcNAcylation-mediated regulation of the cytoskeleton Open
Understanding how glucose regulates endometrial function will support preconception guidance and/or the development of targeted interventions for individuals living with diabetes wishing to embark on pregnancy. We found that glucose can in…
View article: Local vaginal bioelectrical impedance can predict preterm delivery in mice
Local vaginal bioelectrical impedance can predict preterm delivery in mice Open
Preterm birth is a serious pregnancy complication that affects neonatal mortality, morbidity, and long-term neurological prognosis. Predicting spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD) is important for its management. While excluding the risk of …
View article: NOTUM-MEDIATED WNT SILENCING DRIVES EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST CELL LINEAGE DEVELOPMENT
NOTUM-MEDIATED WNT SILENCING DRIVES EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST CELL LINEAGE DEVELOPMENT Open
Trophoblast stem (TS) cells have the unique capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types, including extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. EVT cells invade into and transform the uterus where they act to remodel the vasculature fac…
View article: Environmental nanoparticles and placental research
Environmental nanoparticles and placental research Open
Nanoparticles (NP) (usually understood as in the range 1-100nm) are, in principle, capable of intercellular barrier penetration as well as ingestion by cells, particularly phagocytes and transporting epithelia.Here we focus on particulate …
View article: A systematic review of transcriptomic studies of the human endometrium reveals inconsistently reported differentially expressed genes
A systematic review of transcriptomic studies of the human endometrium reveals inconsistently reported differentially expressed genes Open
Genome-wide analysis of gene expression has been widely applied to study the endometrium, although to our knowledge no systematic reviews have been performed. Here, we identified 74 studies that described transcriptomes from whole (unproce…
View article: Endotheliochorial placental glycosylation reflects evolutionary divergence between Felidae species (Felis catus and Panthera leo) and Canidae (Canis familiaris)
Endotheliochorial placental glycosylation reflects evolutionary divergence between Felidae species (Felis catus and Panthera leo) and Canidae (Canis familiaris) Open
Endotheliochorial cat (Felis catus) and lion (Panthera leo) term placentae and one 6 week placenta (term 60-63 days) from a dog (Canis familiaris) were stained with a panel of 24 lectins to compare glycosylation at the feto-maternal interf…
View article: Lectin histochemistry reveals two cytotrophoblast differentiation pathways during placental development in the feline (Felis catus)
Lectin histochemistry reveals two cytotrophoblast differentiation pathways during placental development in the feline (Felis catus) Open
Glycan distribution changes significantly over pregnancy, probably relating to the development of transport and invasive properties of trophoblast which in the endotheliochorial placenta reaches the level of the maternal vessels. Highly br…
View article: The Human Early Maternal–Embryonic Interactome
The Human Early Maternal–Embryonic Interactome Open
Background: Single cell transcriptomics offers an avenue for predicting, with improved accuracy, the gene networks that are involved in the establishment of the first direct cell–cell interactions between the blastocyst and the maternal lu…
View article: Observations on the glycosylation of the term placenta of the Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops aduncus): A lectin histochemical study
Observations on the glycosylation of the term placenta of the Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops aduncus): A lectin histochemical study Open
The many intracellular inclusions reflect ongoing lysosomal breakdown of histotroph in areolar cells which often show heterogeneous glycosylation staining unlike the uniformly stained villous cells, possibly reflecting partial breakdown of…
View article: Use of ‘omics for endometrial timing: the cycle moves on
Use of ‘omics for endometrial timing: the cycle moves on Open
For some years, the prospect of precise and personalized timing of the endometrial cycle for optimal embryo replacement has been held out as a potential solution to low implantation rates. It is envisaged that a receptive state can be defi…
View article: Trophectoderm differentiation to invasive syncytiotrophoblast is promoted by endometrial epithelial cells during human embryo implantation
Trophectoderm differentiation to invasive syncytiotrophoblast is promoted by endometrial epithelial cells during human embryo implantation Open
STUDY QUESTION How does the human embryo breach the endometrial epithelium at implantation? SUMMARY ANSWER Embryo attachment to the endometrial epithelium promotes the formation of multinuclear syncytiotrophoblast from trophectoderm, which…
View article: Intersection of regulatory pathways controlling hemostasis and hemochorial placentation
Intersection of regulatory pathways controlling hemostasis and hemochorial placentation Open
Significance Trophoblast cell–guided uterine spiral artery remodeling is a key event in successful hemochorial placentation. Connections between coagulopathies and diseases of placentation are compelling. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (T…
View article: ‘Fetal side’ of the placenta: anatomical mis-annotation of carbon particle ‘transfer’ across the human placenta
‘Fetal side’ of the placenta: anatomical mis-annotation of carbon particle ‘transfer’ across the human placenta Open
Matters Arising article, arising from H. Bové et al. Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11654-3 (2019).
View article: Targeted Delivery of Epidermal Growth Factor to the Human Placenta to Treat Fetal Growth Restriction
Targeted Delivery of Epidermal Growth Factor to the Human Placenta to Treat Fetal Growth Restriction Open
Placental dysfunction is the underlying cause of pregnancy complications such as fetal growth restriction (FGR) and pre-eclampsia. No therapies are available to treat a poorly functioning placenta, primarily due to the risks of adverse sid…
View article: Macrophages in the uterus are functionally specialised and continually replenished from the circulation
Macrophages in the uterus are functionally specialised and continually replenished from the circulation Open
Macrophages are innate immune cells that fight infection but also regulate tissue regeneration and remodelling. In the uterus, although tissue remodelling is essential for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, the specialisation of m…
View article: Cell dynamics in human villous trophoblast
Cell dynamics in human villous trophoblast Open
BACKGROUND Villous cytotrophoblast (vCTB) is a precursor cell population that supports the development of syncytiotrophoblast (vSTB), the high surface area barrier epithelium of the placental villus, and the primary interface between mater…
View article: ASCL2 reciprocally controls key trophoblast lineage decisions during hemochorial placenta development
ASCL2 reciprocally controls key trophoblast lineage decisions during hemochorial placenta development Open
Significance Defective placentation, including impaired uterine spiral artery remodeling, leads to pregnancy disorders such as pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth, all of which cause significant…
View article: Protein O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Trophoblast Differentiation at Implantation
Protein O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Trophoblast Differentiation at Implantation Open
Embryo implantation begins with blastocyst trophectoderm (TE) attachment to the endometrial epithelium, followed by the breaching of this barrier by TE-derived trophoblast. Dynamic protein modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (…
View article: Trophectoderm differentiation to invasive syncytiotrophoblast is induced by endometrial epithelial cells during human embryo implantation
Trophectoderm differentiation to invasive syncytiotrophoblast is induced by endometrial epithelial cells during human embryo implantation Open
At implantation, trophoblast derived from the trophectoderm of the blastocyst-stage embryo invades the endometrium to establish pregnancy. To understand how embryos breach the endometrial epithelium, we modelled human implantation using bl…
View article: The effects of hyaluronate-containing medium on human embryo attachment to endometrial epithelial cells in vitro
The effects of hyaluronate-containing medium on human embryo attachment to endometrial epithelial cells in vitro Open
STUDY QUESTION Does embryo transfer medium containing hyaluronate (HA) promote the attachment phase of human embryo implantation? SUMMARY ANSWER HA-containing medium does not promote human blastocyst attachment to endometrial epithelial ce…
View article: The role of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor-mediated homeobox gene expression in human placental apoptosis, and its implications in idiopathic fetal growth restriction
The role of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor-mediated homeobox gene expression in human placental apoptosis, and its implications in idiopathic fetal growth restriction Open
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is caused by poor placental development and function early in gestation. It is well known that placentas from women with FGR exhibit reduced cell growth, elevated levels of apoptosis and perturbed expression …