Marcus J. Kitchen
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View article: CT ring artefact suppression via detector calibration: from monochromatic to polychromatic x-ray sources
CT ring artefact suppression via detector calibration: from monochromatic to polychromatic x-ray sources Open
This study validates the effectiveness of a quantitative detector calibration—originally developed for monochromatic synchrotron radiation—when applied with a polychromatic x-ray source, using both a Hamamatsu CMOS flat panel detector and …
View article: Surfactant enhances the distribution of ventilation in partially aerated lungs of preterm rabbits
Surfactant enhances the distribution of ventilation in partially aerated lungs of preterm rabbits Open
Preterm newborns commonly receive intermittent positive pressure ventilation (iPPV) at birth, but the optimal approach that facilitates uniform lung aeration is unknown, particularly in a partially aerated lung. We have shown that surfacta…
View article: <i>In situ</i> propagation-based lung computed tomography for large animal models
<i>In situ</i> propagation-based lung computed tomography for large animal models Open
The lung is a complex organ with a hierarchical structure, containing four times more air than tissue. It is in constant contact with environmental factors such as pollution and pathogens, leading to pathological alterations at various hie…
View article: Role of the Chest Wall in Newborn Respiratory Function at Birth
Role of the Chest Wall in Newborn Respiratory Function at Birth Open
The chest wall significantly impacts respiratory function after birth, but its role in the newborn remains poorly understood as it is structurally and functionally different from adults. In neonates, the chest wall is highly compliant, whi…
View article: High-energy X-ray phase-contrast CT of an adult human chest phantom
High-energy X-ray phase-contrast CT of an adult human chest phantom Open
Propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging is a promising technique for in vivo medical imaging, offering lower radiation doses than traditional attenuation-based imaging. Previous studies have focused on X-ray energies below 50keV for…
View article: <i>In Vivo</i> 4D X-Ray Dark-Field Lung Imaging in Mice
<i>In Vivo</i> 4D X-Ray Dark-Field Lung Imaging in Mice Open
X-ray dark-field imaging is well-suited to visualizing the health of the lungs because the alveoli create a strong dark-field signal. However, time-resolved and tomographic (i.e., 4D) dark-field imaging is challenging, since most x-ray dar…
View article: 3DMPR – a robust morphological approach for applying phase retrieval in proximity to highly attenuating objects in computed tomography
3DMPR – a robust morphological approach for applying phase retrieval in proximity to highly attenuating objects in computed tomography Open
X-ray imaging is a fast, precise and non-invasive method of imaging which, when combined with computed tomography, provides detailed 3D rendering of samples. Incorporating propagation-based phase contrast can vastly improve data quality fo…
View article: A small constant external negative pressure improves lung aeration at birth in rabbit kittens with a diaphragmatic hernia
A small constant external negative pressure improves lung aeration at birth in rabbit kittens with a diaphragmatic hernia Open
This study demonstrates that a small constant external negative pressure applied during conventional mechanical ventilation improves lung aeration and achieves set tidal volumes with significantly lower peak inflation pressures in rabbit k…
View article: Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast Open
Many lung diseases require high-resolution imaging for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard technique for non-invasive lung disease detection, but it presents a risk to the patient through the rel…
View article: High-energy X-ray phase-contrast CT of an adult human chest phantom
High-energy X-ray phase-contrast CT of an adult human chest phantom Open
Propagation-based phase-contrast X-ray imaging is a promising technique for in~vivo medical imaging, offering lower radiation doses than traditional attenuation-based imaging. Previous studies have focused on X-ray energies below 50 keV fo…
View article: Optimising CPAP and oxygen levels to support spontaneous breathing in preterm rabbits
Optimising CPAP and oxygen levels to support spontaneous breathing in preterm rabbits Open
Background Very preterm infants often require respiratory support after birth with current recommendations suggesting the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 4–8 cmH 2 O and an initial fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) …
View article: External negative pressure improves lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress
External negative pressure improves lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress Open
Introduction As airway liquid is cleared into lung interstitial tissue after birth, the chest wall must expand to accommodate this liquid and the incoming air. We examined the effect of applying external positive and negative pressures to …
View article: Single-exposure X-ray dark-field imaging via a dual-energy propagation-based setup
Single-exposure X-ray dark-field imaging via a dual-energy propagation-based setup Open
X-ray dark-field imaging visualises scattering from sample microstructure, and has found application in medical and security contexts. While most X-ray dark-field imaging techniques rely on masks, gratings, or crystals, recent work on the …
View article: In vivo 4D x-ray dark-field lung imaging in mice
In vivo 4D x-ray dark-field lung imaging in mice Open
X-ray dark-field imaging is well-suited to visualizing the health of the lungs because the alveoli create a strong dark-field signal. However, time-resolved and tomographic (i.e., 4D) dark-field imaging is challenging, since most x-ray dar…
View article: X-ray dark-field via spectral propagation-based imaging
X-ray dark-field via spectral propagation-based imaging Open
Dark-field X-ray imaging visualizes scattering from unresolved microstructure. Most dark-field imaging techniques rely on crystals or structured illumination, but recent work has shown that dark-field effects are observable in straightforw…
View article: Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast
Low-dose, high-resolution CT of infant-sized lungs via propagation-based phase contrast Open
Many lung diseases require detailed visualisation for accurate diagnosis and treatment. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard technique for non-invasive lung disease detection, but it presents a risk to the patient …
View article: X-ray dark-field via spectral propagation-based imaging
X-ray dark-field via spectral propagation-based imaging Open
Dark-field X-ray imaging is a novel modality which visualises scattering from unresolved microstructure. Most dark-field imaging techniques rely on crystals or structured illumination, but recent work has shown that dark-field effects are …
View article: Assessing lung aeration using ultrasound after birth in near-term lambs at risk of respiratory distress
Assessing lung aeration using ultrasound after birth in near-term lambs at risk of respiratory distress Open
Background Optimizing respiratory support after birth requires real-time feedback on lung aeration. We hypothesized that lung ultrasound (LUS) can accurately monitor the extent and progression of lung aeration after birth and is closely as…
View article: Printable Perovskite Diodes for Broad‐Spectrum Multienergy X‐Ray Detection
Printable Perovskite Diodes for Broad‐Spectrum Multienergy X‐Ray Detection Open
Multienergy X‐ray detection is critical to effectively differentiate materials in a variety of diagnostic radiology and nondestructive testing applications. Silicon and selenium X‐ray detectors are the most common for multienergy detection…
View article: Effect of prenatal diaphragmatic hernia on pulmonary arterial morphology
Effect of prenatal diaphragmatic hernia on pulmonary arterial morphology Open
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major cause of severe lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension in the newborn. While the pulmonary hypertension is thought to result from abnormal vascular development and arterial vasoreactivit…
View article: Quantifying lung aeration in neonatal lambs at birth using lung ultrasound
Quantifying lung aeration in neonatal lambs at birth using lung ultrasound Open
Background Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a safe and non-invasive tool that can potentially assess regional lung aeration in newborn infants and reduce the need for X-ray imaging. LUS produces images with characteristic artifacts caused by the p…
View article: Spectral propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast computed tomography
Spectral propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast computed tomography Open
Purpose: Propagation-based x-ray imaging (PBI) is a phase-contrast technique that is employed in high-resolution imaging by introducing some distance between sample and detector. PBI causes characteristic intensity fringes that have to be …
View article: Accurate measures of regional lung air volumes from chest X-rays of small animals
Accurate measures of regional lung air volumes from chest X-rays of small animals Open
We present a robust technique for calculating regional volume changes within the lung from X-ray radiograph sequences captured during ventilation, without the use of computed tomography (CT). This technique is based on the change in transm…