John T. E. Richardson
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View article: Additional new species of the genus Zaitzevia (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from China with an updated key to species from mainland China
Additional new species of the genus Zaitzevia (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from China with an updated key to species from mainland China Open
The riffle beetle genus Zaitzevia Champion, 1923 comprises 29 described species, distributed across Asia and North America. China exhibits particularly high species diversity within this genus, with 16 recorded species. In this study, we d…
View article: From measures to meaning: a case study on co-defining aphasia recovery outcomes with patient experts
From measures to meaning: a case study on co-defining aphasia recovery outcomes with patient experts Open
This work demonstrates that people with aphasia can meaningfully shape research when communication access and trust are prioritized. Case studies like this contribute to a growing evidence base on inclusive involvement by showing how train…
View article: Enhanced Tactical Inferencing Framework: Future Visualization and Collaboration Demonstration
Enhanced Tactical Inferencing Framework: Future Visualization and Collaboration Demonstration Open
This report describes efforts conducted by researchers in the Content Understanding Branch in fiscal year 2023 to employ the Enhanced Tactical Inferencing (ETI) framework.ETI was developed to support experimentation and demonstration of ar…
View article: Front Matter
Front Matter Open
The RF and Microwave Industry is an exciting place for a challenging and rewarding Engineering Career!Great people at all types of companies in the industry, including component manufacturers, materials fabricators, test equipment manufact…
View article: Younger and Older Readers
Younger and Older Readers Open
As novice readers, young children may be disproportionately affected by different typefaces. The use of different typefaces may also affect how readily children acquire the ability to read. Research by Burt and Kerr is often cited in suppo…
View article: Readers with Disabilities
Readers with Disabilities Open
Any differences in the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces might become more apparent in readers whose visual systems are challenged as the result of disablement. Some researchers have focused on children in special education. In …
View article: “Everybody Knows”: Reading from Screens
“Everybody Knows”: Reading from Screens Open
This chapter discusses the increased use of screen-based reading in education and in daily life generally, noting that readers usually have the option of printing off screen-based material to be read on paper. Some existing typefaces were …
View article: The Legibility of Letters and Words
The Legibility of Letters and Words Open
The earliest research on the legibility of different typefaces was concerned with recognising individual letters and words under different conditions. The vertical “stripiness” of individual words can be defined in terms of their horizonta…
View article: Reading Text in Internet Browsers
Reading Text in Internet Browsers Open
This chapter discusses whether serif and sans serif typefaces differ in their legibility when saved in HTML and viewed on-screen through web browsers. This includes material saved in a local workstation as well as material retrieved from t…
View article: Concepts and Research Methods
Concepts and Research Methods Open
This chapter distinguishes between typefaces and fonts and between legibilityand readability. A variety of objective methods have been developed for measuring the legibility of printed material, and many have been taken over into research …
View article: The Legibility of Serif and Sans Serif Typefaces
The Legibility of Serif and Sans Serif Typefaces Open
This open access book provides a detailed and up-to-date account of the relevant literature on the legibility of different kinds of typefaces, which goes back over 140 years in the case of reading from paper and more than 50 years in the c…
View article: General Conclusions to Part II
General Conclusions to Part II Open
This chapter concludes Part II by summarising and discussing the key findings. Are there any differences in the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces when they are used to generate material on computer monitors or other screens? Are…
View article: General Conclusions to Part I
General Conclusions to Part I Open
This chapter concludes Part I by summarising and discussing the key findings. Are there any differences in the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces when they are used to generate printed material? Are there any differences in reade…
View article: Reading and Comprehending Text
Reading and Comprehending Text Open
Research onreading text presented on computer screens has enabled investigators to use other forms of technology such as eye-tracking equipment. As with research on reading from paper, asking participants to read continuous text provides l…
View article: “Everybody Knows”: Reading from Paper
“Everybody Knows”: Reading from Paper Open
This chapter introduces Part I by summarising the attitudes of 20th-century typographers, who almost without exception considered that serif typefaces were easier to read than sans serif typefaces when printed on paper. In the twenty-first…
View article: Introduction
Introduction Open
This chapter describes the origins of serif and sans serif typefaces in ancient inscriptions and especially in those dating from ancient Rome. Serif inscriptions evolved during the Middle Ages and were used as the basis for the first print…
View article: Coda: Lessons Learned
Coda: Lessons Learned Open
This end-piece considers lessons that can be learned from this review. Some researchers have put forward reasons why serifs might render typefaces more legible. Others have suggested that the presence or absence of serifs is a proxy for so…
View article: Readers with Disabilities
Readers with Disabilities Open
As mentioned in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-90984-0_8 , any differences in the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces might become more apparent in readers whose visual systems are challenged as the result of disablement. Relatively few …
View article: The Legibility of Letters and Words
The Legibility of Letters and Words Open
As with reading from print, the earliest research on the legibility of different typefaces when reading from screens was concerned with recognising individual letters and words under different conditions. Here, too, visual confusions were …
View article: Reading in Context
Reading in Context Open
It has been argued that the context of reading is a primary determinant of the legibility of different typefaces and the readers’ expectations of the legibility of what they are reading. Newspaper headlines have been used as a specific con…
View article: Reading and Comprehending Text
Reading and Comprehending Text Open
Anumber of studies have evaluated the role of typographic variables (including the presence or absence of serifs) in reading continuous text. Asking participants to read continuous text allows less scope for experimental control, and so so…
View article: Should Overseas Americans Be Required to Buy Their Freedom
Should Overseas Americans Be Required to Buy Their Freedom Open
The United States is the only developed country to practice a system of extraterritorial taxation that treats the tax residents of other countries as simultaneously subject to U.S. worldwide taxation based on citizenship. This extraterrito…
View article: Uzbekistan Radiation Portal Monnitoring System
Uzbekistan Radiation Portal Monnitoring System Open
The work proposed in this presentation builds on the foundation set by the DTRA funded demonstration project begun in 2000 and completed in December of 2003. This previous work consisted of two phases whose overall objective was to install…
View article: Mission Impossible: Extraterritorial Taxation and the IRS
Mission Impossible: Extraterritorial Taxation and the IRS Open
The uniquely American definition of “tax residency,” which includes the imposition of worldwide taxation on the tax residents of other countries, has delegated to the IRS the job of implementing three separate and distinct tax systems: res…
View article: Sensing Time and Space through the Soundtracks of <i>Interstellar</i> and <i>Arrival</i>
Sensing Time and Space through the Soundtracks of <i>Interstellar</i> and <i>Arrival</i> Open
This chapter discusses the recent science fiction films Interstellar (2014; music by Hans Zimmer) and Arrival (2016; music by Jóhann Jóhannsson) as benchmarks for new ways of configuring the listening body in time and space. These films ar…
View article: Japanese Chess Commentary Corpus with Named Entity and Modality Annotation
Japanese Chess Commentary Corpus with Named Entity and Modality Annotation Open
近年，シンボルグラウンディングや言語生成，自然言語による非言語データの検索など，実世界に紐づいた自然言語処理への注目が高まっている．我々は，将棋のゲーム局面に付随する解説文がこれらの課題の興味深いテストベッドになると考えている．解説者は現在の局面だけでなく過去や未来の指し手に言及しており，これらはゲーム木にグラウンディングされることから，ゲーム木探索アルゴリズムを活用した実世界対応の研究が期待できる．本論文では，我々が構築した，人手による単語分割・固有表現・モダリティ表現・…
View article: A Simple Regulatory Fix for Citizenship Taxation
A Simple Regulatory Fix for Citizenship Taxation Open
This article explains the simple regulatory actions that United States Department of the Treasury can take that would, in the absence of legislative change, improve the lives of Americans living overseas and permit the IRS to better focus …
View article: Older Women, Deeper Learning: Age and Gender Interact to Predict Learning Approach and Academic Achievement at University
Older Women, Deeper Learning: Age and Gender Interact to Predict Learning Approach and Academic Achievement at University Open
Older students have reported a series of barriers to starting their higher education experience. However, quantitative evidence suggests that older students, particularly older women, have unique approaches to learning that enhance their s…
View article: Lingvo: a Modular and Scalable Framework for Sequence-to-Sequence Modeling
Lingvo: a Modular and Scalable Framework for Sequence-to-Sequence Modeling Open
Lingvo is a Tensorflow framework offering a complete solution for collaborative deep learning research, with a particular focus towards sequence-to-sequence models. Lingvo models are composed of modular building blocks that are flexible an…