Jonathan Clarke
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View article: Inequalities in access and experience of primary care following ‘top-up’ payments to practices: a retrospective observational study
Inequalities in access and experience of primary care following ‘top-up’ payments to practices: a retrospective observational study Open
Background Although the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in health is widely recognised in England, current funding distributions to general practice are thought to inadequately account for patient need. In 2021, Leicester, Leiceste…
View article: Energy Use of Speech Algorithms on Intelligent Terminals
Energy Use of Speech Algorithms on Intelligent Terminals Open
Speech algorithms on intelligent terminals must operate under strict limits of power, memory, and heat. Many earlier studies focused on model size or FLOPs rather than direct energy use. In this study, we measured energy on smartphones, we…
View article: Mapping strategies for reducing inequalities in adult elective surgical care in the United Kingdom: a living scoping review protocol
Mapping strategies for reducing inequalities in adult elective surgical care in the United Kingdom: a living scoping review protocol Open
View article: Associations of 2923 Olink proteins with demographic, lifestyle, environmental and health characteristics in middle-aged Chinese adults
Associations of 2923 Olink proteins with demographic, lifestyle, environmental and health characteristics in middle-aged Chinese adults Open
View article: Evaluating the impact of capitation funding top-up payments in primary care
Evaluating the impact of capitation funding top-up payments in primary care Open
Background Capitation payments account for approximately half of core funding for General Practitioner (GP) practices in England, allocated via the Global Sum Allocation (‘Carr-Hill’) formula. The formula has not been updated since 2004 an…
View article: Understanding the Clinical Characteristics and Timeliness of Diagnosis for Patients Diagnosed With Long Covid: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study From North West London
Understanding the Clinical Characteristics and Timeliness of Diagnosis for Patients Diagnosed With Long Covid: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study From North West London Open
Background Long Covid is a multisystem condition first identified in the Covid‐19 pandemic, characterised by a wide range of symptoms including fatigue, breathlessness and cognitive impairment. Considerable disagreement exists in who is mo…
View article: Comparing artificial intelligence- vs clinician-authored summaries of simulated primary care electronic health records
Comparing artificial intelligence- vs clinician-authored summaries of simulated primary care electronic health records Open
Objective To compare clinical summaries generated from simulated patient primary care electronic health records (EHRs) by GPT-4, to summaries generated by clinicians on multiple domains of quality including utility, concision, accuracy, an…
View article: Addressing Inequalities in Long Covid Healthcare: A Mixed‐Methods Study on Building Inclusive Services
Addressing Inequalities in Long Covid Healthcare: A Mixed‐Methods Study on Building Inclusive Services Open
Background Long Covid (LC) significantly impacts health, economic and social activities. Women, deprived, learning disability, homeless and some minority ethnic populations have high prevalence rates but low access to support, indicating h…
View article: GDF15 and its receptors as pathways mediating smoking related weight change
GDF15 and its receptors as pathways mediating smoking related weight change Open
British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Kadoorie Charitable Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wellcome Trust.
View article: Physician experiences of electronic health record interoperability and its practical impact on care delivery in the English NHS: a cross-sectional survey study
Physician experiences of electronic health record interoperability and its practical impact on care delivery in the English NHS: a cross-sectional survey study Open
Background The lack of interoperability has been a well-recognised limitation associated with the use of electronic health records (EHR). However, less is known about how it manifests for frontline NHS staff when delivering care, how it im…
View article: Rethinking health services around clusters of co-existing diseases: impact on integrated care for people with Multiple Long-Term Conditions
Rethinking health services around clusters of co-existing diseases: impact on integrated care for people with Multiple Long-Term Conditions Open
(up to 300 words) Background Care delivery in conventional health systems is structured around clinical anatomical specialties, often geared towards managing single conditions rather than people. As a result, people with Multiple Long-Term…
View article: Phenome-wide associations of polygenic scores for schizophrenia and major depression in 100,000 Chinese adults
Phenome-wide associations of polygenic scores for schizophrenia and major depression in 100,000 Chinese adults Open
China faces significant mental health challenges, with unique associations between mental disorders and other traits observed in its population. Based on summary statistics in East Asian (EAS) and European (EUR) ancestries, we tested assoc…
View article: Patterns of co-occurrent skills in UK job adverts
Patterns of co-occurrent skills in UK job adverts Open
A job usually involves the application of complementary or synergistic skills to perform the required tasks. Such relationships are implicitly recognised by employers in the skills they demand when recruiting new employees. Here we constru…
View article: Continuity of care in general practice and secondary care: retrospective cohort study
Continuity of care in general practice and secondary care: retrospective cohort study Open
Background Better continuity in primary and secondary care is linked to improved health outcomes, but it is unclear whether the sociodemographic determinants of continuity are the same in both settings and whether continuity measures in ea…
View article: Can wage changes solve the labour crisis in the National Health Service?
Can wage changes solve the labour crisis in the National Health Service? Open
This study aimed to examine the healthcare labour demand and supply elasticity regarding wage in the National Health Service (NHS) in England amid a labour crisis. A simultaneous error-correction regression analysis was conducted using sec…
View article: Patient and caregiver perceptions of electronic health records interoperability in the NHS and its impact on care quality: a focus group study
Patient and caregiver perceptions of electronic health records interoperability in the NHS and its impact on care quality: a focus group study Open
Background The proliferation of electronic health records (EHR) in health systems of many high-income countries has ushered in profound changes to how clinical information is used, stored, and disseminated. For patients, being able to easi…
View article: Comparing safety, performance and user perceptions of a patient-specific indication-based prescribing tool with current practice: a mixed methods randomised user testing study
Comparing safety, performance and user perceptions of a patient-specific indication-based prescribing tool with current practice: a mixed methods randomised user testing study Open
Background Medication errors are the leading cause of preventable harm in healthcare. Despite proliferation of medication-related clinical decision support systems (CDSS), current systems have limitations. We therefore developed an indicat…
View article: Environmental impact of large language models in medicine
Environmental impact of large language models in medicine Open
The environmental impact of large language models (LLMs) in medicine spans carbon emission, water consumption and rare mineral usage. Prior‐generation LLMs, such as GPT‐3, already have concerning environmental impacts. Next‐generation LLMs…
View article: Proteome-wide assessment of 10,000 plasma proteins with age-related diseases and multi-morbidity in a Chinese population
Proteome-wide assessment of 10,000 plasma proteins with age-related diseases and multi-morbidity in a Chinese population Open
Blood-based proteomics can help improve risk prediction and elucidate biological pathways underlying the development of age-related diseases and multi-morbidity. We assessed the associations of ~10,000 plasma proteins, assayed using Olink …
View article: Associations between general practice and outpatient care continuity in people with multimorbidity
Associations between general practice and outpatient care continuity in people with multimorbidity Open
Background Relational continuity in primary and secondary care is linked to better health outcomes for patients, but it is unclear whether metrics of continuity in each setting are associated. Our study examined the association between rel…
View article: Achieving integrated care through clusters of co-occurring diseases for people with multimorbidity
Achieving integrated care through clusters of co-occurring diseases for people with multimorbidity Open
Background People with multimorbidity are often seen in many different specialist health services, resulting in fragmented care. Conventional services are designed around specialties based on anatomical systems, rather than diseases that o…
View article: An exposome-wide assessment of 6600 SomaScan proteins with non-genetic factors in Chinese adults
An exposome-wide assessment of 6600 SomaScan proteins with non-genetic factors in Chinese adults Open
Background Proteomics offer new insights into human biology and disease aetiology. Previous studies have explored the associations of SomaScan proteins with multiple non-genetic factors, but they typically involved Europeans and a limited …
View article: An exposome-wide investigation of 2923 Olink proteins with non-genetic factors in Chinese adults
An exposome-wide investigation of 2923 Olink proteins with non-genetic factors in Chinese adults Open
Background Previous studies in European populations have identified a large number of genetic variants affecting plasma levels of Olink proteins, but little is known about the non-genetic factors influencing plasma levels of proteins, part…
View article: An annotated checklist of the lichen biodiversity at two Mars analog sites: The Mars Desert Research Station (Utah, USA) and The Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (Nunavut, Canada) recorded during the Mars 160 Mission
An annotated checklist of the lichen biodiversity at two Mars analog sites: The Mars Desert Research Station (Utah, USA) and The Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (Nunavut, Canada) recorded during the Mars 160 Mission Open
During the Mars 160 Mission in 2016 and 2017, crews at the Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) in Utah, USA and the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS) on Tallurutit (Devon Island), Nunavut, Canada, conducted a collections‑…
View article: An assessment of variation in quality of hypertension guidelines across income settings using the AGREE II tool
An assessment of variation in quality of hypertension guidelines across income settings using the AGREE II tool Open
Background Hypertension affects over one billion people worldwide, posing a significant global health burden. Clinical practice guidelines could play a key role in guiding healthcare providers in improving hypertension management. However,…
View article: Understanding the clinical characteristics and timeliness of diagnosis for patients diagnosed with Long COVID: A retrospective observational cohort study from North West London
Understanding the clinical characteristics and timeliness of diagnosis for patients diagnosed with Long COVID: A retrospective observational cohort study from North West London Open
Background Long COVID is a multisystem condition first identified in the COVID-19 pandemic characterised by a wide range of symptoms including fatigue, breathlessness and cognitive impairment. Considerable disagreement exists in who is mos…
View article: Physician experiences of electronic health records interoperability and its practical impact on care delivery in the English NHS: A cross-sectional survey study
Physician experiences of electronic health records interoperability and its practical impact on care delivery in the English NHS: A cross-sectional survey study Open
Background The lack of interoperability has been a well-recognised limitation associated with the use of electronic health records (EHR). However, less is known about how it manifests for frontline NHS staff when delivering care, how it im…
View article: Comparing safety, performance and user perceptions of a patient-specific indication-based prescribing tool with current practice: A mixed-methods randomised user testing study
Comparing safety, performance and user perceptions of a patient-specific indication-based prescribing tool with current practice: A mixed-methods randomised user testing study Open
Background Medication errors are the leading cause of preventable harm in healthcare. Despite proliferation of medication-related clinical decision support systems (CDSS), current systems have limitations. We therefore developed an indicat…
View article: Patterns of co-occurrent skills in UK job adverts
Patterns of co-occurrent skills in UK job adverts Open
A job usually involves the application of several complementary or synergistic skills to perform its required tasks. Such relationships are implicitly recognised by employers in the skills they demand when recruiting new employees. Here we…
View article: May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Nepal
May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Nepal Open
Despite the well-recognized importance of prevention and early treatment of hypertension, the majority of adults in Nepal are not aware of their high blood pressure (BP) and are left untreated. In this paper, we report the result of the Ma…