Jonathan D. Cohen
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View article: Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation
Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation Open
Current models frame the allocation of cognitive control as a process of expected utility maximization. The benefits of a candidate control signal are weighed against its costs (e.g., opportunity costs). Recent theorizing has found that, d…
View article: NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 2: An Accurate and Efficient Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Reasoning Model
NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 2: An Accurate and Efficient Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Reasoning Model Open
We introduce Nemotron-Nano-9B-v2, a hybrid Mamba-Transformer language model designed to increase throughput for reasoning workloads while achieving state-of-the-art accuracy compared to similarly-sized models. Nemotron-Nano-9B-v2 builds on…
View article: Adapting to loss: A computational model of grief.
Adapting to loss: A computational model of grief. Open
Grief is a reaction to loss that is observed across human cultures and even in other species. While the particular expressions of grief vary significantly, universal aspects include experiences of emotional pain and frequent remembering of…
View article: Understanding Task Representations in Neural Networks via Bayesian Ablation
Understanding Task Representations in Neural Networks via Bayesian Ablation Open
Neural networks are powerful tools for cognitive modeling due to their flexibility and emergent properties. However, interpreting their learned representations remains challenging due to their sub-symbolic semantics. In this work, we intro…
View article: Causal Head Gating: A Framework for Interpreting Roles of Attention Heads in Transformers
Causal Head Gating: A Framework for Interpreting Roles of Attention Heads in Transformers Open
We present causal head gating (CHG), a scalable method for interpreting the functional roles of attention heads in transformer models. CHG learns soft gates over heads and assigns them a causal taxonomy - facilitating, interfering, or irre…
View article: Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation
Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation Open
Current models frame the allocation of cognitive control as a process of expected utility maximization. The benefits of a candidate control signal are weighed against its costs (e.g., opportunity costs). Recent theorizing has found that, d…
View article: Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, reduced hippocampal subfield volumes, and word reading
Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, reduced hippocampal subfield volumes, and word reading Open
View article: Granting Unemployment Insurance Benefits in Borderline Cases Helps Workers at Low Cost
Granting Unemployment Insurance Benefits in Borderline Cases Helps Workers at Low Cost Open
View article: Sculpting new visual categories into the human brain
Sculpting new visual categories into the human brain Open
Learning requires changing the brain. This typically occurs through experience, study, or instruction. We report an alternate route for humans to acquire visual knowledge, through the direct sculpting of activity patterns in the human brai…
View article: The Cerebellum Plays a Protective Role in Cognitive Aging and Disease: Insights from a Multi‐Cohort Study
The Cerebellum Plays a Protective Role in Cognitive Aging and Disease: Insights from a Multi‐Cohort Study Open
Background Studying brain reserve — the brain’s resilience to age‐related changes or damage — is crucial for understanding protective mechanisms against cognitive decline. The cerebellum may be a key region in brain reserve, but it has bee…
View article: Major depression symptom severity associations with willingness to exert effort and patch foraging strategy
Major depression symptom severity associations with willingness to exert effort and patch foraging strategy Open
Background Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) can experience reduced motivation and cognitive function, leading to challenges with goal-directed behavior. When selecting goals, people maximize ‘expected value’ by selecting ac…
View article: Convergent neural dynamical systems for task control in artificial networks and human brains
Convergent neural dynamical systems for task control in artificial networks and human brains Open
The ability to switch between tasks is a core component of human intelligence, yet a mechanistic understanding of this capacity has remained elusive. Long-standing debates over how task switching is influenced by preparation for upcoming t…
View article: Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation
Learning expectations shape cognitive control allocation Open
Current models frame the allocation of cognitive control as a process of expected utility maximization. The benefits of a candidate control signal are weighed against its costs (e.g., opportunity costs). Recent theorizing has found that, d…
View article: Author response: Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization
Author response: Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization Open
View article: Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization
Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization Open
Deep neural networks have made tremendous gains in emulating human-like intelligence, and have been used increasingly as ways of understanding how the brain may solve the complex computational problems on which this relies. However, these …
View article: Determinantal Point Process Attention Over Grid Cell Code Supports Out of Distribution Generalization
Determinantal Point Process Attention Over Grid Cell Code Supports Out of Distribution Generalization Open
Deep neural networks have made tremendous gains in emulating human-like intelligence, and have been used increasingly as ways of understanding how the brain may solve the complex computational problems on which this relies. However, these …
View article: Author Response: Determinantal Point Process Attention Over Grid Cell Code Supports Out of Distribution Generalization
Author Response: Determinantal Point Process Attention Over Grid Cell Code Supports Out of Distribution Generalization Open
Deep neural networks have made tremendous gains in emulating human-like intelligence, and have been used increasingly as ways of understanding how the brain may solve the complex computational problems on which this relies. However, these …
View article: Slot Abstractors: Toward Scalable Abstract Visual Reasoning
Slot Abstractors: Toward Scalable Abstract Visual Reasoning Open
visual reasoning is a characteristically human ability, allowing the identification of relational patterns that are abstracted away from object features, and the systematic generalization of those patterns to unseen problems. Recent work h…
View article: Author Response: An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures
Author Response: An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures Open
This article introduces a quantitative approach to modeling the cost of control in a neural network architecture when it is required to execute one or more simultaneous tasks, and its relationship to automaticity. We begin by formalizing t…
View article: Reviewer #2 (Public Review): An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures
Reviewer #2 (Public Review): An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures Open
This article introduces a quantitative approach to modeling the cost of control in a neural network architecture when it is required to execute one or more simultaneous tasks, and its relationship to automaticity. We begin by formalizing t…
View article: An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures
An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures Open
This article introduces a quantitative approach to modeling the cost of control in a neural network architecture when it is required to execute one or more simultaneous tasks, and its relationship to automaticity. We begin by formalizing t…
View article: Reviewer #1 (Public Review): An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures
Reviewer #1 (Public Review): An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures Open
This article introduces a quantitative approach to modeling the cost of control in a neural network architecture when it is required to execute one or more simultaneous tasks, and its relationship to automaticity. We begin by formalizing t…
View article: An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures
An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reward Rate Optimization in the Tradeoff Between Controlled and Automatic Processing in Neural Network Architectures Open
This article introduces a quantitative approach to modeling the cost of control in a neural network architecture when it is required to execute one or more simultaneous tasks, and its relationship to automaticity. We begin by formalizing t…
View article: Major depression symptom severity associations with willingness to exert effort and patch foraging strategy
Major depression symptom severity associations with willingness to exert effort and patch foraging strategy Open
Background Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) can experience reduced motivation and cognitive function, leading to challenges with goal-directed behavior. When selecting goals, people maximize ‘expected value’ by selecting ac…
View article: Adapting to loss: A normative account of grief
Adapting to loss: A normative account of grief Open
Grief is a reaction to loss that is observed across human cultures and even in other species. While the particular expressions of grief vary significantly, universal aspects include experiences of emotional pain and frequent remembering of…
View article: Human-Like Geometric Abstraction in Large Pre-trained Neural Networks
Human-Like Geometric Abstraction in Large Pre-trained Neural Networks Open
Humans possess a remarkable capacity to recognize and manipulate abstract structure, which is especially apparent in the domain of geometry. Recent research in cognitive science suggests neural networks do not share this capacity, concludi…
View article: Efficiency Costs of Unemployment Insurance Denial: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Examiners.
Efficiency Costs of Unemployment Insurance Denial: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Examiners. Open
View article: Effort Foraging Task reveals positive correlation between individual differences in the cost of cognitive and physical effort in humans
Effort Foraging Task reveals positive correlation between individual differences in the cost of cognitive and physical effort in humans Open
Effort-based decisions, in which people weigh potential future rewards against effort costs required to achieve those rewards involve both cognitive and physical effort, though the mechanistic relationship between them is not yet understoo…
View article: Toward the Emergence of Intelligent Control: Episodic Generalization and Optimization
Toward the Emergence of Intelligent Control: Episodic Generalization and Optimization Open
Human cognition is unique in its ability to perform a wide range of tasks and to learn new tasks quickly. Both abilities have long been associated with the acquisition of knowledge that can generalize across tasks and the flexible use of t…
View article: When working memory may be just working, not memory.
When working memory may be just working, not memory. Open
The N-back task is often considered to be a canonical example of a task that relies on working memory (WM), requiring both maintenance of representations of previously presented stimuli and also processing of these representations. …