Explanipedia

First Resolution of a Main Sequence G-Star Astrosphere Using Chandra Open

C. M. Lisse, S. J. Wolk, Bradford Snios, J.R. McNutt, Jonathan D. Slavin , et al. · 2025

We report resolution of a halo of X-ray line emission surrounding the Zero Age Main Sequence (ZAMS) G8.5V star HD 61005 by Chandra ACIS-S. Located only 36.4 pc distant, HD 61005 is young (approx. 100 Myr), x-ray bright (300 times Solar), o…

Ionization Sources of the Local Interstellar Clouds: Two B Stars, Three White Dwarfs, and the Local Hot Bubble Open

Michael W. Topping, Jonathan D. Slavin · 2025

The dominant sources of photoionizing radiation in the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) incident on the exterior of the local interstellar clouds include two nearby early B-type stars, ϵ CMa (124 ± 2 pc) and β CMa (151 ± 5 pc), three hot dwarfs, …

Ionization Sources of the Local Interstellar Clouds: Two B-stars, Three White Dwarfs, and the Local Hot Bubble Open

J. Michael Shull, Rachel Curran, Michael W. Topping, Jonathan D. Slavin · 2025

The dominant sources of photoionizing radiation in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) incident on the exterior of the local interstellar clouds include two nearby early B-type stars, $ε$ CMa ($124\pm2$ pc) and $β$ CMa ($151\pm5$ pc), three hot …

Dust Destruction in Shock Waves in the Cygnus Loop Open

Jonathan D. Slavin, J. C. Raymond · 2025

Supernova remnant (SNR) shock waves are known to be important sources of dust destruction in the interstellar medium. Models of dust destruction in shocks have made various predictions of the destruction efficiency, but have generally been…

The Lyα Sky as Observed by New Horizons at 57 au Open

G. R. Gladstone, J. Michael Shull, W. R. Pryor, Jonathan D. Slavin, Joshua A. Kammer , et al. · 2025

During 2023 September the Alice ultraviolet spectrograph on the New Horizons (NH) spacecraft was used to map diffuse Lyα emission over most of the sky, at a range of ∼56.9 au from the Sun. At that distance, models predict that the interpla…

X-Ray, UV, and Optical Observations of Proxima Centauri’s Stellar Cycle Open

Bradford J. Wargelin, Steven H. Saar, Z A Irving, Jonathan D. Slavin, Peter W. Ratzlaff , et al. · 2024

Proxima Cen (GJ 551; dM5.5e) is one of only about a dozen fully convective stars known to have a stellar cycle, and the only one to have long-term X-ray monitoring. A previous analysis found that X-ray and mid-UV observations, particularly…

X-Ray, UV, and Optical Observations of Proxima Centauri's Stellar Cycle Open

B. J. Wargelin, S. H. Saar, Z A Irving, Jonathan D. Slavin, Peter W. Ratzlaff , et al. · 2024

Proxima Cen (GJ 551; dM5.5e) is one of only about a dozen fully convective stars known to have a stellar cycle, and the only one to have long-term X-ray monitoring. A previous analysis found that X-ray and mid-UV observations, particularly…

XRTpy: A Hinode-X-Ray Telescope Python Package Open

Joy Velasquez, Nicholas A. Murphy, Katharine K. Reeves, Jonathan D. Slavin, Mark Weber , et al. · 2024

The XRTpy Python package is a specialized tool developed for the analysis of observations made by the X-Ray Telescope (XRT) (Golub et al., 2007) aboard the Hinode spacecraft (Kosugi et al., 2007).Hinode is a joint mission involving space a…

Methods and Challenges of Including Dust Evolution in Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2024

Dust plays many important roles in the interstellar medium, affecting the heating, cooling and chemistry in all the different phases of the medium. Up until recently though, if dust was included in simulations at all, it was typically assu…

Synergies between interstellar dust and heliospheric science with an Interstellar Probe Open

Veerle Sterken, S. Hunziker, K. Dialynas, Konstantin Herbst, Aigen Li , et al. · 2023

Whitepaper #377 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research; infrastructure/workforce/other programmatic. Additional topics: other basic research; outer heliosphere; other program…

In Situ Cosmic Dust Detection for Heliophysics Open

Hsiang‐Wen Hsu, A. R. Poppe, J. R. Szalay, M. Horányi, Veerle Sterken , et al. · 2023

International audience

Pushing the Frontier of Solar & Space Physics: Exploration of the Heliosphere and the Very Local Interstellar Medium by an Interstellar Probe Open

P. C. Brandt, B. L. Alterman, Erika Alvarez, D. N. Baker, S. D. Bale , et al. · 2023

Whitepaper #038 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research. Additional topics: outer heliosphere; space-based missions/projects; emerging opportunities.

Near-Earth Supernovae in the Past 10 Myr: Implications for the Heliosphere Open

Jesse Miller, Brian D. Fields, Thomas Y. Chen, John Ellis, Adrienne F. Ertel , et al. · 2023

We live in a dynamic star-forming galaxy, and as a result the solar neighborhood changes constantly.One of the most spectacular events that inevitably occurs is the explosion of a supernova near the Earth.Remarkably, a wealth of evidence n…

Infrared Ejecta and Cold Dust in the Young Supernova Remnant N132D Open

Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Jonathan D. Slavin, Heechan Cha · 2023

We present Spitzer, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and Herschel observations of the young supernova remnant (SNR) N132D in the Large Magellanic Cloud, including 3–40 μ m Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) mapping, 12 μ m WISE…

Infrared Ejecta and Cold Dust in the Young Supernova Remnant N132D Open

Jeonghee Rho, Aravind P. Ravi, Jonathan D. Slavin, Heechan Cha · 2023

We present Spitzer, WISE, and Herschel observations of the young supernova remnant (SNR) N132D in the LMC, including 3-40 microns Spitzer IRS mapping, 12 microns WISE and 70, 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500 microns Herschel images. The high-ve…

Synergies between interstellar dust and heliospheric science with an interstellar probe Open

Veerle Sterken, Sabina Hunziker, K. Dialynas, J. Leitner, Maximilian Sommer , et al. · 2023

We discuss the synergies between heliospheric and dust science, the open science questions, the technological endeavours, and programmatic aspects that are important to maintain or develop in the decade to come. In particular, we illustrat…

Dust in and Around the Heliosphere and Astrospheres Open

Veerle Sterken, Lennart R. Baalmann, B. T. Draine, Е. А. Годенко, Konstantin Herbst , et al. · 2022

Near-Earth Supernovae in the Past 10 Myr: Implications for the Heliosphere Open

Jesse A. Miller, Brian D. Fields, Thomas Y. Chen, John Ellis, Adrienne F. Ertel , et al. · 2022

We summarize evidence that multiple supernovae exploded within 100 pc of Earth in the past few Myr. These events had dramatic effects on the heliosphere, compressing it to within ~20 au. We advocate for cross-disciplinary research of nearb…

Dust Production in a Thin Dense Shell in Supernovae with Early Circumstellar Interactions Open

Arkaprabha Sarangi, Jonathan D. Slavin · 2022

In supernovae (SNe), where the light curves show evidence of strong and early interaction between the ejecta and the circumstellar matter (CSM), the formation of new dust is estimated to take place in a dense shell of gas between the forwa…

Predictions for the Interstellar Dust that Interstellar Probe Could Detect Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2022

The proposed Interstellar Probe mission (ISP) will have unprecedented capabilities to detect and characterize interstellar dust flowing into the heliosphere from the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). Knowledge of that dust has the pot…

Interstellar Dust and Gas in the Heliosphere Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2020

Interstellar dust and gas that enter the heliosphere provide us with important clues about both the heliosphere and the local interstellar medium (LISM). The picture we have of the LIC from both in situ detections and absorption line data …

Turbulence and Energetic Particles in Radiative Shock Waves in the Cygnus Loop. I. Shock Properties Open

J. C. Raymond, Igor Chilingarian, William P. Blair, Ravi Sankrit, Jonathan D. Slavin , et al. · 2020

We have obtained a contiguous set of long-slit spectra of a shock wave in the Cygnus Loop to investigate its structure, which is far from the morphology predicted by 1D models. Proper motions from Hubble Space Telescope images combined wit…

Nonequilibrium Ionization in Mixed-morphology Supernova Remnants Open

Gao-Yuan Zhang, Jonathan D. Slavin, Adam Foster, Randall K. Smith, John ZuHone , et al. · 2019

The mixed morphology class of supernova remnants (MMSNRs) comprises a substantial fraction of observed remnants and yet there is as yet no consensus on their origin. A clue to their nature is the presence of regions that show X-ray evidenc…

Heating the Local Interstellar Cloud Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2018

The Local Interstellar Cloud (LIC) is the region of the interstellar medium (ISM) that surrounds and helps to shape the heliosphere. The LIC is part of a collection of nearby low density warm clouds known as the Complex of Local Interstell…

MHD Simulations of the Evolution of the Local Interstellar Medium Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2018

Numerical Simulations of Supernova Remnant Evolution in a Cloudy Interstellar Medium Open

Jonathan D. Slavin, Randall K. Smith, Adam Foster, H. D. Winter, J. C. Raymond , et al. · 2017

The mixed morphology class of supernova remnants has centrally peaked X-ray emission along with a shell-like morphology in radio emission. White & Long proposed that these remnants are evolving in a cloudy medium wherein the clouds are eva…

Simulating the Local Interstellar Medium Open

Jonathan D. Slavin · 2017

The Local Interstellar Medium (LISM) in many ways exemplifies the diffuse ISM of the Galaxy and star forming galaxies in general. Though devoid of molecular gas, it includes warm gas, hot, supernova-heated gas and even cold neutral gas clo…

Dust destruction by the reverse shock in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant Open

Elisabetta R. Micelotta, E. Dwek, Jonathan D. Slavin · 2016

Core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are important sources of interstellar dust, potentially capable of producing one solar mass of dust in their explosively expelled ejecta. However, unlike other dust sources, the dust has to survive the pass…

CHARTING THE INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC FIELD CAUSING THEINTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER(IBEX) RIBBON OF ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOMS Open

P. C. Frisch, A. Berdyugin, V. Piirola, A. M. Magalhães, D. B. Seriacopi , et al. · 2015

The interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) near the heliosphere is a basic part of the solar neighborhood that can only be studied using polarized starlight. Results of an ongoing survey of polarized starlight are analyzed with the goal of lin…

DESTRUCTION OF INTERSTELLAR DUST IN EVOLVING SUPERNOVA REMNANT SHOCK WAVES Open

Jonathan D. Slavin, E. Dwek, A. P. Jones · 2015

Supernova generated shock waves are responsible for most of the destruction\nof dust grains in the interstellar medium (ISM). Calculations of the dust\ndestruction timescale have so far been carried out using plane parallel steady\nshocks,…

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