Jonathan Ludwick
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View article: Multi-objective optimization of performance metrics of all-metallic vacuum field effect transistors
Multi-objective optimization of performance metrics of all-metallic vacuum field effect transistors Open
Vacuum field effect transistors (VacFETs) are a promising alternative to traditional semiconductor-based transistors, offering a superior frequency response, radiation hardness, and high-temperature operation. In this work, we illustrate t…
View article: Importance of metallic nanotube flexibility on its field emission characteristics
Importance of metallic nanotube flexibility on its field emission characteristics Open
It is known that field electron emission (FE) characteristics of emitters are influenced by their flexibility, as bending under an applied electrostatic field, EP, can significantly increase their characteristic field enhancement factor an…
View article: Bias dependent band alignment in Ga2O3 ferroelectric interface by operando HAXPES
Bias dependent band alignment in Ga2O3 ferroelectric interface by operando HAXPES Open
We present a fundamental study of the band alignment at the interface of HfZrO4 (HZO) with Ge-doped Ga2O3. Ge is an alternative n-type dopant for the wide band gap Ga2O3 due to its shallow donor level and favorable MBE growth conditions. I…
View article: Field emission from cylindrical graphene cathodes prepared by chemical vapor deposition and cold rolling
Field emission from cylindrical graphene cathodes prepared by chemical vapor deposition and cold rolling Open
We report field emission (FE) properties of cold cathodes made by a scalable chemical vapor deposition synthesis of three-dimensional graphene (3DG) from a cast catalyst followed by cold rolling. This process leads to an increase in mechan…
View article: A scattering matrix approach to the effective mass dependence of tunneling current through heterojunctions
A scattering matrix approach to the effective mass dependence of tunneling current through heterojunctions Open
A scattering matrix technique is used to calculate the longitudinal and transverse energy dependence of the transmission probability through various heterostructures using both the BenDaniel–Duke (BD) and the lesser known Zhu–Kroemer (ZK) …
View article: Field emission characteristics of AlGaN/GaN nanoscale lateral vacuum diodes
Field emission characteristics of AlGaN/GaN nanoscale lateral vacuum diodes Open
We report the design, fabrication, and measurement of the field emission (FE) characteristics of AlGaN/GaN nanoscale lateral vacuum diodes with triangular cathodes and cathode to anode spacings from 50 to 600 nm. The FE characteristics of …
View article: Demonstration of gallium oxide nano-pillar field emitter arrays
Demonstration of gallium oxide nano-pillar field emitter arrays Open
We demonstrate field emission characteristics of β-Ga2O3 nano-pillar arrays fabricated using a damage-free etching technique. The technique utilizes Ga flux in an ultra-high vacuum environment (molecular beam epitaxy) to form high aspect r…
View article: Erratum: “Spatial dependence of the temperature profile along a carbon nanotube during thermal-field emission” [J. Appl. Phys., 128, 025107 (2020)]
Erratum: “Spatial dependence of the temperature profile along a carbon nanotube during thermal-field emission” [J. Appl. Phys., 128, 025107 (2020)] Open
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View article: Reflection and refraction of an electron spin at the junction between two quasi-two-dimensional regions with and without spin-orbit interaction
Reflection and refraction of an electron spin at the junction between two quasi-two-dimensional regions with and without spin-orbit interaction Open
We derive the reflection and refraction laws for an electron spin incident from a quasi-two-dimensional medium with no spin–orbit interaction on another with both Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit interaction using only energy conservation…
View article: Electron emission characteristics of wet spun carbon nanotube fibers
Electron emission characteristics of wet spun carbon nanotube fibers Open
Wet spun carbon nanotube fibers were characterized using both field emission and electron energy distribution measurements. Fowler-Nordheim analysis of the field emission results showed that the carbon fibers demonstrated a large effective…
View article: A new fit to secondary emission yield in the low impact voltage regime: An improvement of Vaughan’s expression
A new fit to secondary emission yield in the low impact voltage regime: An improvement of Vaughan’s expression Open
Reducing the emission of secondary electrons from materials is critical to improved efficiency and increased performance in high power vacuum electronics. A new mathematical expression for the secondary emission yield (SEY) as a function o…