Joseph M. Magnall
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View article: Nanoscale mineralogical evidence confirms Cu transport as chloride complexes in brines in the Central European Kupferschiefer district
Nanoscale mineralogical evidence confirms Cu transport as chloride complexes in brines in the Central European Kupferschiefer district Open
High-grade sediment-hosted stratiform copper (SSC) deposits will be critical for securing future supplies of Cu. However, current genetic models for SSC deposits have few constraints on the physicochemical properties of ore fluids and timi…
View article: The enigmatic role of cratons in Zn-Pb deposit formation during continental rifting
The enigmatic role of cratons in Zn-Pb deposit formation during continental rifting Open
The growing global demand for metal resources requires new discoveries of high-grade ore deposits. Known sediment-hosted clastic-dominated base metal deposits are found in failed continental rifts and the passive margins of successful rift…
View article: Mechanisms to create stratiform mineralization in sedimentary rocks through hydrothermal processes
Mechanisms to create stratiform mineralization in sedimentary rocks through hydrothermal processes Open
The resource demands for the ongoing energy transition require increased exploration for metal deposits. Clastic dominated (CD-type) deposits are an important target in this search because of their size and high grade. To narrow down the s…
View article: SULFIDE TEXTURES AND ORE GRADES IN MINERALIZED CARBONATES DEPEND ON PÉCLET AND DAMKÖHLER NUMBERS
SULFIDE TEXTURES AND ORE GRADES IN MINERALIZED CARBONATES DEPEND ON PÉCLET AND DAMKÖHLER NUMBERS Open
Clastic-dominated (CD-type) deposits contain a significant proportion of the global resources of Zn, Pb, and Ag, and include some of the largest deposits that formed through subseafloor replacement. Mineralization textures in these deposit…
View article: Mineralogy and Paragenesis of the Boundary Zone Zn-Pb ± Ag Deposit, Yukon, Canada
Mineralogy and Paragenesis of the Boundary Zone Zn-Pb ± Ag Deposit, Yukon, Canada Open
Clastic-dominated (CD-type) Zn-Pb ± Ag deposits account for significant global Zn and Pb resources. In this contribution, we describe a new Zn-Pb ± Ag deposit, Boundary Zone, recently discovered in the Macmillan Pass district, Yukon, Canad…
View article: Geodynamic controls on clastic-dominated base metal deposits
Geodynamic controls on clastic-dominated base metal deposits Open
To meet the growing global demand for metal resources, new ore deposit discoveries are required. However, finding new high-grade deposits, particularly those not exposed at the Earth's surface, is very challenging. Therefore, understanding…
View article: Partitioning of trace elements between hydrothermal fluids and pyrite
Partitioning of trace elements between hydrothermal fluids and pyrite Open
Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide on Earth and can host a large variety of trace elements including Au, Co, Mo, Cu, Pb, As, Se, Te, Bi and Sb. Trace element variations in pyrite have been used to study various processes during ore format…
View article: The role of pyrite surface area and thermochemical sulfate reduction in clastic-dominant Zn Deposits. 
The role of pyrite surface area and thermochemical sulfate reduction in clastic-dominant Zn Deposits.  Open
It is vital to keep up with the demand for critical minerals during the transition to sustainable energy systems. Doing so requires expanding our knowledge of ore depositional processes. Pyrite is a common gangue mineral in clastic dominat…
View article: The origin of the Kupferschiefer mineralization (eastern Germany): constraints from petrography and analysis of stable sulfur isotopes of pyrite and chalcopyrite
The origin of the Kupferschiefer mineralization (eastern Germany): constraints from petrography and analysis of stable sulfur isotopes of pyrite and chalcopyrite Open
The European Kupferschiefer Province contains multiple sediment-hosted stratiform copper (SSC) deposits and has been mined for many centuries. The mineralized rocks of the Kupferschiefer are stratabound and hosted by a stratigraphic succes…
View article: Geodynamic controls on sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits in continental rifts
Geodynamic controls on sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits in continental rifts Open
The growing global demand for metal resources requires new high-grade ore deposit discoveries. Known large sediment-hosted clastic-dominated base metal deposits predominantly occur in failed continental rifts and the passive margins of suc…
View article: Multiple sustained increases in atmospheric oxygen and marine productivity through the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic Eras
Multiple sustained increases in atmospheric oxygen and marine productivity through the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic Eras Open
A geologically rapid Neoproterozoic oxygenation event is commonly linked to the appearance of marine animal groups in the fossil record. However, there is still debate about what evidence from the sedimentary geochemical record – if any – …
View article: Geodynamic controls on clastic-dominated base metal deposits
Geodynamic controls on clastic-dominated base metal deposits Open
To meet the growing global demand for metal resources, new ore deposit discoveries are required. However, finding new, high-grade deposits, particularly those not exposed at the Earth’s surface, is very challenging. Therefore, understandin…
View article: Carbon and oxygen isotope microanalysis of calcite in the Permian Kupferschiefer system, Saale subbasin, eastern Germany
Carbon and oxygen isotope microanalysis of calcite in the Permian Kupferschiefer system, Saale subbasin, eastern Germany Open
The Kupferschiefer district in Central Europe contains some of the world's highest-grade sediment-hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits. In the Saale subbasin (eastern Germany), high-grade sulfides formed via replacement of calcite cement in…
View article: Fraternal twins or distant cousins; comparing and contrasting the Red Dog district and Irish Midlands Orefield
Fraternal twins or distant cousins; comparing and contrasting the Red Dog district and Irish Midlands Orefield Open
The Lower Carboniferous rocks in the Irish Orefield and Red Dog district are host to some of the highest value Zn deposits in the geological record. A comparison of different mineral system components (geodynamic setting, (basin) architect…
View article: Diagenetic History and Timing of Cu and Zn-Pb Sulfide Mineralization in the Permian Kupferschiefer System, Saale Subbasin, Eastern Germany
Diagenetic History and Timing of Cu and Zn-Pb Sulfide Mineralization in the Permian Kupferschiefer System, Saale Subbasin, Eastern Germany Open
The Southern Permian basin in central Europe contains a number of important high-grade sediment-hosted Cu deposits. Laterally extensive stratabound Cu and Zn-Pb sulfide mineralized rocks are located at a major stratigraphic redox boundary,…
View article: Pyrite chemistry records a multistage ore forming system at the Proterozoic George Fisher massive sulfide Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Mount Isa, Australia
Pyrite chemistry records a multistage ore forming system at the Proterozoic George Fisher massive sulfide Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Mount Isa, Australia Open
Trace element (TE) analysis of pyrite via LA-ICP-MS can be used to reconstruct the conditions of pyrite formation in complex mineral systems. The Carpentaria province in northern Australia is host to some of the world’s highest value Zn-Pb…
View article: Craton control on sediment-hosted metal deposits in continental rifts
Craton control on sediment-hosted metal deposits in continental rifts Open
<p>Many large sediment-hosted base metal deposits occur in failed continental rifts and the passive margins of successful rifts, e.g., in the MacArthur Basin (Australia), and in the Selwyn Basin (Canada). The large-scale geodynamics …
View article: Stratiform Host-Rock Replacement via Self-Sustaining Reactions in a Clastic-Dominated (CD-type) Zn Deposit
Stratiform Host-Rock Replacement via Self-Sustaining Reactions in a Clastic-Dominated (CD-type) Zn Deposit Open
Stratiform to stratabound replacement of a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate host rock is a defining characteristic of many sediment-hosted base metal deposits. Mineralized rocks in clastic-dominated (CD-type) Zn-Pb ore deposits, which represe…
View article: The Formation of Highly Positive δ34S Values in Late Devonian Mudstones: Microscale Analysis of Pyrite (δ34S) and Barite (δ34S, δ18O) in the Canol Formation (Selwyn Basin, Canada)
The Formation of Highly Positive δ34S Values in Late Devonian Mudstones: Microscale Analysis of Pyrite (δ34S) and Barite (δ34S, δ18O) in the Canol Formation (Selwyn Basin, Canada) Open
The sulfur isotope composition of pyrite in marine sedimentary rocks is often difficult to interpret due to a lack of precise isotopic constraints for coeval sulfate. This study examines pyrite and barite in the Late Devonian Canol Formati…
View article: The Teena Zn-Pb Deposit (McArthur Basin, Australia). Part II: Carbonate Replacement Sulfide Mineralization During Burial Diagenesis—Implications for Mineral Exploration
The Teena Zn-Pb Deposit (McArthur Basin, Australia). Part II: Carbonate Replacement Sulfide Mineralization During Burial Diagenesis—Implications for Mineral Exploration Open
The Teena Zn-Pb deposit is located in the Carpentaria Zn Province (Australia), which contains some of the largest clastic dominant (CD-type) massive sulfide Zn-Pb deposits in the world. The timing of the main stage of hydrothermal sulfide …
View article: The Teena Zn-Pb Deposit (McArthur Basin, Australia). Part I: Syndiagenetic Base Metal Sulfide Mineralization Related to Dynamic Subbasin Evolution
The Teena Zn-Pb Deposit (McArthur Basin, Australia). Part I: Syndiagenetic Base Metal Sulfide Mineralization Related to Dynamic Subbasin Evolution Open
Divergent genetic models have been proposed for clastic dominant (CD-type) massive sulfide Zn-Pb mineralization in the Proterozoic Carpentaria Zn Province. Due to varying degrees of tectonic overprint, it has been difficult to accurately c…
View article: The Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project
The Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project Open
We thank the donors of The American
\nChemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of
\nSGP website development (61017-ND2). EAS is funded by National
\nScience Foundation grant (NSF) EAR-1922966
View article: Hydrodynamic Constraints on Ore Formation by Basin‐Scale Fluid Flow at Continental Margins: Modelling Zn Metallogenesis in the Devonian Selwyn Basin
Hydrodynamic Constraints on Ore Formation by Basin‐Scale Fluid Flow at Continental Margins: Modelling Zn Metallogenesis in the Devonian Selwyn Basin Open
The clastic‐dominant (CD‐type) deposits that are contained within sedimentary basins are major resources of Zn, Pb and Ag, but their formation by basin‐scale hydrothermal mass and energy transport processes is still poorly understood. Usin…
View article: Differentiating between hydrothermal and diagenetic carbonate using rare earth element and yttrium (REE+Y) geochemistry: a case study from the Paleoproterozoic George Fisher massive sulfide Zn deposit, Mount Isa, Australia
Differentiating between hydrothermal and diagenetic carbonate using rare earth element and yttrium (REE+Y) geochemistry: a case study from the Paleoproterozoic George Fisher massive sulfide Zn deposit, Mount Isa, Australia Open
Carbonate minerals are ubiquitous in most sediment-hosted mineral deposits. These deposits can contain a variety of carbonate types with complex paragenetic relationships. When normalized to chondritic values (CN), rare-earth elements and …
View article: The mineralogical and lithogeochemical footprint of the George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulphide deposit in the Proterozoic Urquhart Shale Formation, Queensland, Australia
The mineralogical and lithogeochemical footprint of the George Fisher Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulphide deposit in the Proterozoic Urquhart Shale Formation, Queensland, Australia Open
The Proterozoic Carpentaria Province (McArthur basin and Mount Isa Inlier) in northern Australia comprises a number of world class clastic dominated (CD-type) Zn-Pb massive sulphide deposits, formally known as SEDEX deposits. In order to i…
View article: A NEW SUBSEAFLOOR REPLACEMENT MODEL FOR THE MACMILLAN PASS CLASTIC-DOMINANT Zn-Pb ± Ba DEPOSITS (YUKON, CANADA)
A NEW SUBSEAFLOOR REPLACEMENT MODEL FOR THE MACMILLAN PASS CLASTIC-DOMINANT Zn-Pb ± Ba DEPOSITS (YUKON, CANADA) Open
Sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits are a subset of sediment-hosted massive sulfide deposits and provide our dominant resource of Zn. In the SEDEX model, base metals (Zn, Pb, Fe) are hydrothermally vented into sulfidic (euxinic) seawat…
View article: Massive sulfide Zn deposits in the Proterozoic did not require euxinia
Massive sulfide Zn deposits in the Proterozoic did not require euxinia Open
Our most important Zn resources occur within clastic-dominated (CD-type) deposits, which are located in a small number of Proterozoic and Phanerozoic sedimentary basins. The most common model for CD-type mineralisation involves sedimentary…