Explanipedia

Drivers of seasonal hydrography in Disko Bay, Greenland Open

Linda Latuta, Lars H. Smedsrud, Elin Darelius, Per Juel Hansen, J. K. Willis · 2025

This study investigates the seasonal dynamics of Disko Bay (Qeqertarsuup Tunua) in west Greenland. On the eastern side, the bay's hydrography is influenced by ice-ocean interactions and exchange with Ilulissat Icefjord (Kangiata Sullua), w…

Increased melt from Greenland’s most active glacier fuels enhanced coastal productivity Open

Michael Wood, Dustin Carroll, Ian Fenty, Clément Bertin, Basil Darby , et al. · 2025

Seasonal phytoplankton blooms in Greenland’s coastal waters form the base of marine food webs and contribute to oceanic carbon uptake. In Qeqertarsuup Tunua, West Greenland, a secondary summertime bloom follows the Arctic spring bloom, enh…

Global Oceans Open

Gregory C. Johnson, Rick Lumpkin, B. D. Beckley, Ashley Bellas-Manley, Brendan R. Carter , et al. · 2025

Global Validation of the Version F Geophysical Data Records from the TOPEX/POSEIDON Altimetry Satellite Mission Open

Linda Forster, Jean-Damien Desjonquères, Matthieu Talpe, S. D. Desai, Hélène Roinard , et al. · 2025

We present the validation of the latest version F Geophysical Data Records (GDR-F) for the TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) altimetry satellite mission. The GDR-F products represent a major evolution with respect to the preceding version B Merged Geop…

Drivers of seasonal hydrography in Disko Bay, Greenland Open

Linda Latuta, Lars H. Smedsrud, Elin Darelius, Per Juel Hansen, J. K. Willis · 2025

This study investigates the seasonal dynamics of Disko Bay in West Greenland. On the eastern side, the hydrography in the bay is driven by ice-ocean interactions and exchange with Ilulissat Icefjord, and on the western side, it exchanges w…

Global Mean Sea Level, Trajectory and Extrapolation Open

J. K. Willis, Benjamin D. Hamlington, Séverine Fournier · 2025

Global Mean Sea Level, Trajectory and Extrapolation This file contains Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) variations along, data for the quadratic fit (trajectory) to the GMSL variations, and an extrapolation of this trajectory to 2050. Column 1…

Feedbacks Between Fjord Circulation, Mélange Melt, and the Subglacial Discharge Plume at Kangerlussuaq Glacier, East Greenland Open

Michael Wood, Ian Fenty, A. Khazendar, J. K. Willis · 2025

In recent decades, the Greenland ice sheet has been losing ice and contributing substantially to global sea level rise. Approximately half of this recent loss is due to glacier acceleration, increasing the calving of icebergs into the ocea…

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Near 41N from Altimetry and Argo Observations Open

J. K. Willis, Will Hobbs · 2025

Updated Jan 17, 2024 to include estimates through calendar year 2024. These files contain an estimate of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) volume and heat transports, computed using observations of temperature, salinit…

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 5.0 Open

Martin Jakobsson, Rezwan Mohammad, Magnus Karlsson, Silvia Salas‐Romero, Florian Vacek , et al. · 2024

Knowledge about seafloor depth, or bathymetry, is crucial for various marine activities, including scientific research, offshore industry, safety of navigation, and ocean exploration. Mapping the central Arctic Ocean is challenging due to …

The rate of global sea level rise doubled during the past three decades Open

Benjamin D. Hamlington, Ashley Bellas-Manley, J. K. Willis, Séverine Fournier, Nadya Vinogradova , et al. · 2024

The rise in globally averaged sea level—or global mean sea level—is one of the most unambiguous indicators of climate change. Over the past three decades, satellites have provided continuous, accurate measurements of sea level on near-glob…

A coupled atmosphere-ocean source mechanism was a predictor of the 2022 Tonga volcanic tsunami Open

Y. Tony Song, Philip S. Callahan, Jean-Damien M. Desjonqueres, Séverine Fournier, J. K. Willis · 2024

Volcanic tsunamis pose significant threats to nearby coastal communities. Despite extensive research, the mechanism behind tsunami generation remains unclear, and the ability to forecast a destructive tsunami has proven elusive. Here we pr…

Global Oceans Open

G. C. Johnson, R. Lumpkin, Michael A. Alexander, Dillon J. Amaya, B. D. Beckley , et al. · 2024

Annual average global mean sea level (GMSL) from satellite altimetry (1993–present; Beckley et al. 2021) reached a new high in 2023, rising to 101.4 mm above 1993 (Fig. 3.15a). This marks the 12th consecutive year (and 28th out of the last…

Decadal Evolution of Ice‐Ocean Interactions at a Large East Greenland Glacier Resolved at Fjord Scale With Downscaled Ocean Models and Observations Open

Michael Wood, A. Khazendar, Ian Fenty, Kenneth D. Mankoff, An T. Nguyen , et al. · 2024

In recent decades, the Greenland ice sheet has been losing mass through glacier retreat and ice flow acceleration. This mass loss is linked with variations in submarine melt, yet existing ocean models are either coarse global simulations f…

The Emerging Golden Age of Satellite Altimetry to Prepare Humanity for Rising Seas Open

B. D. Hamlington, J. K. Willis, Nadya Vinogradova · 2023

With the success of the Sentinel‐6 Michael Freilich satellite, the satellite radar altimetry record of sea level has now surpassed 30 years in length. This reference satellite mission has continued uninterrupted alongside a significant exp…

Global Oceans Open

Gregory C. Johnson, Rick Lumpkin, Chris Atkinson, Tiago Carrilho Biló, Tim Boyer , et al. · 2023

An unusual "triple-dip" La Niña, described in Sidebar 3.1, had continuing, wide-spread ramifications for the state of ocean and climate in 2022.Triple-dip La Niñas are not unprecedented, but until now have always followed an extreme El Niñ…

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation increases flood risk along the United States southeast coast Open

Denis L. Volkov, Kate Zhang, William E. Johns, J. K. Willis, Will Hobbs , et al. · 2023

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Near 41N from Altimetry and Argo Observations Open

J. K. Willis, Will Hobbs · 2023

These files contain an estimate of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) volume and heat transports, computed using observations of temperature, salinity and subsurface velocity from the Argo array of profiling floats (DOI…

Earth Action: Sea Level Rise, Coastal Risk, and Resilience Open

Nadya Vinogradova, J. K. Willis, B. D. Hamlington, Tong Lee, Alison Leidner , et al. · 2023

NASA's work on sea level rise including monitoring, understanding, and action.

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 35°N From Deep Moorings, Floats, and Satellite Altimeter Open

Isabela Le Bras, J. K. Willis, Ian Fenty · 2023

From 2004 to 2014, the Line W moorings measured a 0.7 Sv yr −1 slowing of the deep western boundary current (DWBC) offshore of Cape Cod. Here, we combine these deep mooring observations with float and satellite altimeter data and find that…

Global Mean Sea Level, Trajectory and Extrapolation Open

J. K. Willis, Benjamin D. Hamlington, Séverine Fournier · 2023

Global Mean Sea Level, Trajectory and Extrapolation This file contains Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) variations along, data for the quadratic fit (trajectory) to the GMSL variations, and an extrapolation of this trajectory to 2050. The GMSL…

Atlantic meridional overturning circulation increases flood risk along the United States southeast coast Open

Denis L. Volkov, Kate Zhang, William E. Johns, J. K. Willis, Will Hobbs , et al. · 2023

The system of oceanic flows constituting the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) moves heat and other properties to the subpolar North Atlantic, controlling regional climate, weather, sea levels, and ecosystems. Climate mode…

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Near 41N from Altimetry and Argo Observations Open

J. K. Willis, Will Hobbs · 2023

Updated January 8, 2024 to include estimates through calendar year 2023. These files contain an estimate of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) volume and heat transports, computed using observations of temperature, sali…

Global Oceans Open

Gregory C. Johnson, Rick Lumpkin, Tim Boyer, Francis Bringas, Ivona Cetinić , et al. · 2022

Patterns of variability in ocean properties are often closely related to large-scale climate pattern indices, and 2021 is no exception. The year 2021 started and ended with La Niña conditions, charmingly dubbed a “double-dip” La Niña. Henc…

Characteristic Depths, Fluxes, and Timescales for Greenland's Tidewater Glacier Fjords From Subglacial Discharge‐Driven Upwelling During Summer Open

Donald Slater, Dustin Carroll, Hilde Oliver, Mark J. Hopwood, Fiammetta Straneo , et al. · 2022

Greenland's glacial fjords are a key bottleneck in the earth system, regulating exchange of heat, freshwater and nutrients between the ice sheet and ocean and hosting societally important fisheries. We combine recent bathymetric, atmospher…

Reduction in Meridional Heat Export Contributes to Recent Indian Ocean Warming Open

Kay McMonigal, Kathryn L. Gunn, Lisa M. Beal, Shane Elipot, J. K. Willis · 2022

Since 2000, the Indian Ocean has warmed more rapidly than the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans. Air–sea fluxes alone cannot explain the rapid Indian Ocean warming, which has so far been linked to an increase in temperature transport into the bas…

Multi-Faceted Science Enabled by the Airborne Glaciological and Oceanographic Observations during NASA’s 5-year Oceans Melting Greenland Mission Open

Ian Fenty, J. K. Willis, A. Khazendar, Michael Wood · 2021

Earth and Space Science Open Archive Presented WorkOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Multi-Faceted Science Enabled by the Airborne Glaciological and Oceanographic Observations during NASA’s 5-year Oceans Melting …

Quantifying Spread in Spatiotemporal Changes of Upper-Ocean Heat Content Estimates: An Internationally Coordinated Comparison Open

Abhishek Savita, Catia M. Domingues, Tim Boyer, Viktor Gouretski, Masayoshi Ishii , et al. · 2021

The Earth system is accumulating energy due to human-induced activities. More than 90% of this energy has been stored in the ocean as heat since 1970, with ∼60% of that in the upper 700 m. Differences in upper-ocean heat content anomaly (O…

Measuring Global-Mean Sea-Level Rise With Surface Drifting Buoys Open

Shane Elipot, Luca Centurioni, Bruce Haines, Rick Lumpkin, J. K. Willis · 2021

We propose to establish a new ocean observing system for monitoring global and regional mean sea-level changes. This system will consist of a global array of thousands of water-following drifting buoys tracked by a global navigation satell…

The Copernicus Sentinel-6 mission: Enhanced continuity of satellite sea level measurements from space Open

Craig Donlon, R. Cullen, Luisella Giulicchi, Pierrik Vuilleumier, C. R. Francis , et al. · 2021

Retreat of Humboldt Gletscher, North Greenland, Driven by Undercutting From a Warmer Ocean Open

Eric Rignot, Lu An, Nolwenn Chauché, Mathieu Morlighem, Seongsu Jeong , et al. · 2021

Humboldt Gletscher is a 100‐km wide, slow‐moving glacier in north Greenland which holds a 19‐cm global sea level equivalent. Humboldt has been the fourth largest contributor to sea level rise since 1972 but the cause of its mass loss has n…

J. K. Willis YOU? Author Swipe