Joshua P. Twining
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View article: Tourist sightings improve the precision of camera trap‐derived density estimates using spatial capture‐recapture models
Tourist sightings improve the precision of camera trap‐derived density estimates using spatial capture‐recapture models Open
Spatial capture‐recapture (SCR) provides the gold standard for robust population estimates where animals are individually identifiable. Sampling for large carnivores is often conducted over short timeframes to meet assumptions of populatio…
View article: Parasite‐Mediated Competition Limits Dominant Cervid Competitor
Parasite‐Mediated Competition Limits Dominant Cervid Competitor Open
Species interactions structure ecological communities through direct and indirect pathways with ecosystem‐wide implications. Despite mounting interest in the importance of indirect interactions, empirical evidence remains limited. Here, we…
View article: High resolution data reveal fundamental steps and turning points in animal movements
High resolution data reveal fundamental steps and turning points in animal movements Open
Animal movement paths display substantial complexity and variability, leading researchers to seek underlying rules that govern these patterns and mathematical models that best describe them. Using high-resolution (≥ 10 Hz) movement from 43…
View article: Abundance‐mediated species interactions
Abundance‐mediated species interactions Open
Species interactions shape biodiversity patterns, community assemblage, and the dynamics of wildlife populations. Ecological theory posits that the strength of interspecific interactions is fundamentally underpinned by the population sizes…
View article: Thresholds for adding degraded tropical forest to the conservation estate
Thresholds for adding degraded tropical forest to the conservation estate Open
Logged and disturbed forests are often viewed as degraded and depauperate environments compared with primary forest. However, they are dynamic ecosystems 1 that provide refugia for large amounts of biodiversity 2,3 , so we cannot afford to…
View article: Using global remote camera data of a solitary species complex to evaluate the drivers of group formation
Using global remote camera data of a solitary species complex to evaluate the drivers of group formation Open
The social system of animals involves a complex interplay between physiology, natural history, and the environment. Long relied upon discrete categorizations of “social” and “solitary” inhibit our capacity to understand species and their i…
View article: Non‐invasive methods for monitoring weasels: emerging technologies and priorities for future research
Non‐invasive methods for monitoring weasels: emerging technologies and priorities for future research Open
Weasels (genus Mustela and Neogale ) are of management concern as declining native species in some regions and invasive species in others. Regardless of the need to conserve or remove weasels, there is increasingly a need to use non‐invasi…
View article: Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of leopard (<i>Panthera pardus fusca</i>) attack occurrence on humans in Nepal
Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of leopard (<i>Panthera pardus fusca</i>) attack occurrence on humans in Nepal Open
The negative impact of large carnivore presence in human‐dominated landscapes manifests as livestock depredation and in extreme cases as attacks on humans. In the case of conflict with leopards in Nepal, attacks resulting in human fatality…
View article: Landscape genetics identifies barriers to Natterjack toad metapopulation dispersal
Landscape genetics identifies barriers to Natterjack toad metapopulation dispersal Open
Habitat fragmentation and loss reduce population size and connectivity, which imperils populations. Functional connectivity is key for species persistence in human-modified landscapes. To inform species conservation management, we investig…
View article: Indirect effects of pine marten recovery result in benefits to native prey through suppression of an invasive species and a shared pathogen
Indirect effects of pine marten recovery result in benefits to native prey through suppression of an invasive species and a shared pathogen Open
View article: A comparison of density estimation methods for monitoring marked and unmarked animal populations
A comparison of density estimation methods for monitoring marked and unmarked animal populations Open
Effective monitoring of wildlife populations forms the foundation of modern‐day conservation biology. Without reliable estimates of population size, it is not possible to determine population trends, a key requirement in determining specie…
View article: Restoring vertebrate predator populations can provide landscape‐scale biological control of established invasive vertebrates: Insights from pine marten recovery in Europe
Restoring vertebrate predator populations can provide landscape‐scale biological control of established invasive vertebrates: Insights from pine marten recovery in Europe Open
Invasive species pose one of the greatest global threats to biodiversity. There has been a long history of importing coevolved natural enemies to act as biological control agents to try to suppress densities of invasive species, with histo…
View article: Correction to ‘Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags’
Correction to ‘Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags’ Open
View article: Habitat mediates coevolved but not novel species interactions
Habitat mediates coevolved but not novel species interactions Open
Ongoing recovery of native predators has the potential to alter species interactions, with community and ecosystem wide implications. We estimated the co-occurrence of three species of conservation and management interest from a multi-spec…
View article: Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags
Animal lifestyle affects acceptable mass limits for attached tags Open
Animal-attached devices have transformed our understanding of vertebrate ecology. To minimize any associated harm, researchers have long advocated that tag masses should not exceed 3% of carrier body mass. However, this ignores tag forces …
View article: Limitations of using surrogates for behaviour classification of accelerometer data: refining methods using random forest models in Caprids
Limitations of using surrogates for behaviour classification of accelerometer data: refining methods using random forest models in Caprids Open
View article: Animal lifestyle changes acceptable mass limits for attached tags
Animal lifestyle changes acceptable mass limits for attached tags Open
Animal-attached devices have transformed our understanding of vertebrate ecology. To minimize tag-related harm for these studies, researchers have long advocated that tag masses should not exceed 3% of the animal’s body mass. However, this…
View article: Cooperative hunting in the yellow‐throated marten (<i>Martes flavigula</i>): Evidence for the not‐so‐solitary marten?
Cooperative hunting in the yellow‐throated marten (<i>Martes flavigula</i>): Evidence for the not‐so‐solitary marten? Open
Species socio‐ecologies are a key determinant of their ecological niche, and although dynamic, linked to environmental stochasticity, availability of resources, and inter‐ and intraspecific competition, socio‐ecological theory under its pr…
View article: All forests are not equal: population demographics and denning behaviour of a recovering small carnivore in human modified landscapes
All forests are not equal: population demographics and denning behaviour of a recovering small carnivore in human modified landscapes Open
Landscapes occupied by recovering carnivore populations in Europe are highly modified by human activity. It is unclear how recovering predators will adapt and sustain populations in highly altered landscapes, with most existing research fo…
View article: Forces experienced by instrumented animals depend on lifestyle
Forces experienced by instrumented animals depend on lifestyle Open
Animal-attached devices have transformed our understanding of vertebrate ecology. However, to be acceptable, researchers must minimize tag-related harm. The long-standing recommendation that tag masses should not exceed 3% of the animal’s …
View article: Declining invasive grey squirrel populations may persist in refugia as native predator recovery reverses squirrel species replacement
Declining invasive grey squirrel populations may persist in refugia as native predator recovery reverses squirrel species replacement Open
Invasive species pose one of the most serious global threats to biodiversity. Investigations into the interactions of native and non‐native species focus on the impacts of single species, despite being embedded in a network of direct and i…
View article: The dynamics of pine marten predation on red and grey squirrels
The dynamics of pine marten predation on red and grey squirrels Open
Invasive alien species pose one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. In parts of Europe, introduced eastern grey squirrels ( Sciurus carolinensis ) have caused regional extinctions of the native red squirrel ( Sciurus vulgaris )…
View article: Native and invasive squirrels show different behavioural responses to scent of a shared native predator
Native and invasive squirrels show different behavioural responses to scent of a shared native predator Open
Invasive species pose a serious threat to native species. In Europe, invasive grey squirrels ( Sciurus carolinensis ) have replaced native red squirrels ( Sciurus vulgaris ) in locations across Britain, Ireland and Italy. The European pine…
View article: Seasonal, geographical, and habitat effects on the diet of a recovering predator population: the European pine marten (Martes martes) in Ireland
Seasonal, geographical, and habitat effects on the diet of a recovering predator population: the European pine marten (Martes martes) in Ireland Open
Human activity is increasingly altering the natural world. Yet the natural adaptability of most mammal species remains unknown. Seasonal and spatial influences on the diet of temperate carnivores tending towards omnivory are, particularly,…
View article: Food caching as observed through use of den boxes by European pine martens (Martes martes)
Food caching as observed through use of den boxes by European pine martens (Martes martes) Open
Artificial den boxes have been used to supplement denning sites of the European pine marten (Martes martes) in Scotland and Northern Ireland where natural arboreal cavities are scarce. Here, information on food caches from annual checks ar…
View article: Increasing land-use intensity reverses the relative occupancy of two quadrupedal scavengers
Increasing land-use intensity reverses the relative occupancy of two quadrupedal scavengers Open
Human land use is continuously altering the natural environment, yet the greater ecological implications of this change for many groups that are key to healthy ecosystem functioning remains uncharacterised in the tropics. Terrestrial scave…
View article: Increasing land-use intensity reverses the relative occupancy of two quadrupedal scavengers
Increasing land-use intensity reverses the relative occupancy of two quadrupedal scavengers Open
Trapping and phenotypic data from project investigating the effect of land-use change on population dynamics and phenotypic health of South-east Asian water monitors and Malay Civets