Judith Scott-Clayton
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View article: Undergraduate Financial Aid in the United States
Undergraduate Financial Aid in the United States Open
In order to discuss the future of undergraduate education in the United States, and the role of financial aid within it, this article provides an overview of undergraduate financial aid—its motivations, its moving parts, and its controvers…
View article: Simplifying and Modernizing Pell Grants to Maximize Efficiency and Impact
Simplifying and Modernizing Pell Grants to Maximize Efficiency and Impact Open
The federal role in higher education has grown over the past two decades, and now a new administration has the opportunity to strengthen policies that support students and their colleges and universities. To help inform these decisions, th…
View article: The Effect of Job Displacement on College Enrollment: Evidence From Ohio
The Effect of Job Displacement on College Enrollment: Evidence From Ohio Open
Displaced workers suffer large and persistent earnings losses. These losses can be mitigated by returning to school, yet the extent to which such workers enroll in post-secondary education in response to displacement is poorly understood. U…
View article: Black-White Disparity in Student Loan Debt More Than Triples After Graduation
Black-White Disparity in Student Loan Debt More Than Triples After Graduation Open
The moment they earn their bachelor’s degrees, black college graduates owe $7,400 more on average than their white peers ($23,400 versus $16,000, including non-borrowers in the averages). But over the next few years, the black-white debt g…
View article: College Costs, Financial Aid, and Student Decisions
College Costs, Financial Aid, and Student Decisions Open
The increasing tension between the perceived necessity of a college degree and the challenge of paying for it has led to a proliferation of financial aid policy in the U.S. and around the world.More students are receiving more aid today, a…
View article: Addressing Non-Financial Barriers to College Access and Success: Evidence and Policy Implications
Addressing Non-Financial Barriers to College Access and Success: Evidence and Policy Implications Open
documents policy efforts to understand and address these barriers.We review this literature on non-financial interventions for improving college access and success ranging from discreet and narrowly defined interventions to comprehensive a…
View article: The Effect of Job Displacement on College Enrollment: Evidence from Ohio
The Effect of Job Displacement on College Enrollment: Evidence from Ohio Open
Displaced workers su er large and persistent earnings losses.These losses can be mitigated by returning to school, yet the extent to which such workers enroll in post-secondary education in response to displacement is poorly understood.Usi…
View article: The Firm's Role in Displaced Workers' Earnings Losses
The Firm's Role in Displaced Workers' Earnings Losses Open
We use employer-employee matched administrative data from Ohio to study the role of firm pay premiums in explaining the large, persistent earnings losses of displaced workers.We estimate that earnings for displaced workers from the mid-200…
View article: The Consequences of Performance Standards in Need-Based Aid
The Consequences of Performance Standards in Need-Based Aid Open
Even need-based financial aid programs typically require recipients to meet Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP) requirements. Using regression discontinuity and difference-in-difference designs, we examine the consequences of failing SAP …
View article: Estimating Returns to College Attainment: Comparing Survey and State Administrative Data–Based Estimates
Estimating Returns to College Attainment: Comparing Survey and State Administrative Data–Based Estimates Open
Background: The increasing availability of massive administrative data sets linking postsecondary enrollees with postcollege earnings records has stimulated a wealth of new research on the returns to college and has accelerated state and f…
View article: The Impact of Pell Grant Eligibility on Community College Students’ Financial Aid Packages, Labor Supply, and Academic Outcomes
The Impact of Pell Grant Eligibility on Community College Students’ Financial Aid Packages, Labor Supply, and Academic Outcomes Open
In this article, we examine the effects of receiving a modest Pell Grant on financial aid packages, labor supply while in school, and academic outcomes for community college students. Using administrative data from one state, we compare st…
View article: The End of Free College in England: Implications for Quality, Enrolments, and Equity
The End of Free College in England: Implications for Quality, Enrolments, and Equity Open
Despite increasing financial pressures on higher education systems throughout the world, many governments remain resolutely opposed to the introduction of tuition fees, and some countries and states where tuition fees have been long establ…
View article: The End of Free College in England: Implications for Quality, Enrolments, and Equity
The End of Free College in England: Implications for Quality, Enrolments, and Equity Open
Despite increasing financial pressures on higher education systems throughout the world, many governments remain resolutely opposed to the introduction of tuition fees, and some countries and states where tuition fees have been long establ…
View article: Labor Market Trajectories for Community College Graduates: New Evidence Spanning the Great Recession
Labor Market Trajectories for Community College Graduates: New Evidence Spanning the Great Recession Open
Over the past few years, a multitude of studies have examined the labor market returns to community college credentials, taking advantage of new administrative datasets that link college transcripts to quarterly earnings records and allow …
View article: Labor Market Outcomes and Postsecondary Accountability: Are Imperfect Metrics Better than None?
Labor Market Outcomes and Postsecondary Accountability: Are Imperfect Metrics Better than None? Open
Policymakers at the state and federal level are increasingly pushing to hold institutions accountable for the labor market outcomes of their students.There is no consensus, however, on how such measures should be constructed, or how the ch…
View article: Performance Standards in Need-Based Student Aid
Performance Standards in Need-Based Student Aid Open
College attendance is a risky investment.But students may not recognize when they are at risk for failure, and financial aid introduces the possibility for moral hazard.Academic performance standards can serve three roles in this context: …
View article: Financial Aid, Debt Management, and Socioeconomic Outcomes: Post-College Effects of Merit-Based Aid
Financial Aid, Debt Management, and Socioeconomic Outcomes: Post-College Effects of Merit-Based Aid Open
Prior research has demonstrated that financial aid can influence both college enrollments and completions, but less is known about its post-college consequences. Even for students whose attainment is unaffected, financial aid may affect po…
View article: Tax Benefits for College Attendance
Tax Benefits for College Attendance Open
National efforts to promote college enrollment are increasingly delivered through tax-based assistance, including tax credits and deductions for tuition and fees, tax-advantaged college savings plans, and student loan interest deductions. …