Jie Ren
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View article: SETS: Leveraging Self-Verification and Self-Correction for Improved Test-Time Scaling
SETS: Leveraging Self-Verification and Self-Correction for Improved Test-Time Scaling Open
Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have created new opportunities to enhance performance on complex reasoning tasks by leveraging test-time computation. However, existing scaling methods have key limitations: parallel meth…
View article: Reliability Analysis of Multistate Sensor Array System Based on Sequential Binary Decision Diagram
Reliability Analysis of Multistate Sensor Array System Based on Sequential Binary Decision Diagram Open
The inclusion of overlay structures in sensor array systems is important for improving system reliability, yet it becomes more challenging when conducting reliability analysis. This paper addresses this challenge by separately modeling the…
View article: The wedge-like ion spectral structures in the inner magnetosphere
The wedge-like ion spectral structures in the inner magnetosphere Open
Energetic ions from the plasma sheet will be freshly injected into the inner magnetosphere during geomagnetic activities, and exhibit some spectral features named after the shapes of energy bands in the energy-time spectrograms such as the…
View article: Statistical Properties of Long-Period Plasmapause SurfaceWaves From Van Allen Probes Observations
Statistical Properties of Long-Period Plasmapause SurfaceWaves From Van Allen Probes Observations Open
Recent work revealed the existence of plasmapause surface waves (PSWs) with Van Allen Probes observations, which are characterized by the periodic modulations of both magnetic/electric fields and plasma densities, and suggested to be the d…
View article: Statistical Properties of Long‐Period Plasmapause Surface Waves From Van Allen Probes Observations
Statistical Properties of Long‐Period Plasmapause Surface Waves From Van Allen Probes Observations Open
Recent work revealed the existence of plasmapause surface waves (PSWs) with Van Allen Probes observations, which are characterized by the periodic modulations of both magnetic/electric fields and plasma densities, and suggested to be the d…
View article: The Dynamics of Earth’s Cusp in Response to the Interplanetary Shock
The Dynamics of Earth’s Cusp in Response to the Interplanetary Shock Open
The Earth’s magnetospheric cusp, a region with an off-equatorial magnetic field minimum, is an important place which directly transports plasma and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere and ionosphere. Its magnetic topology and…
View article: Sustained Oxygen Spectral Gaps and Their Dynamic Evolution in the Inner Magnetosphere
Sustained Oxygen Spectral Gaps and Their Dynamic Evolution in the Inner Magnetosphere Open
Van Allen Probes observations of ion spectra often show a sustained gap within a very narrow energy range throughout the full orbit. To understand their formation mechanism, we statistically investigate the characteristics of the narrow ga…
View article: Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: Coordinated observations of drift echoes and ULF modulations in the dayside magnetosphere 
Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: Coordinated observations of drift echoes and ULF modulations in the dayside magnetosphere  Open
<p>We employ conjunctive observations of particle fluxes and electromagnetic fields in the solar wind, magnetosheath, and dayside magnetosphere to investigate the radiation belt dynamics in response to the impingement of a fast forwa…
View article: Ring Current Decay During Geomagnetic Storm Recovery Phase: Comparison Between RBSP Observations and Theoretical Modeling
Ring Current Decay During Geomagnetic Storm Recovery Phase: Comparison Between RBSP Observations and Theoretical Modeling Open
Ring current decay during storm recovery phase may be affected by different loss processes. In this study, we have investigated the lifetimes of ring current ions (H + and O + ) of energies from 1 keV to several hundred keV at L shell from…
View article: Simultaneously Formed Wedge‐Like Structures of Different Ion Species Deep in the Inner Magnetosphere
Simultaneously Formed Wedge‐Like Structures of Different Ion Species Deep in the Inner Magnetosphere Open
In this study, ion data from the Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron (HOPE) spectrometers onboard Van Allen Probes reveal the existence of wedge‐like structures of O + , He + , and H + ions deep in the inner magnetosphere. The behaviors o…
View article: Pc4‐5 Poloidal ULF Wave Observed in the Dawnside Plasmaspheric Plume
Pc4‐5 Poloidal ULF Wave Observed in the Dawnside Plasmaspheric Plume Open
A localized Pc4‐5 ultralow‐frequency (ULF) wave event associated with a plasmaspheric plume was observed by THEMIS‐E on the dawnside near L = 6, which was identified as a second harmonic poloidal wave. The plume was identified as a sudden …
View article: Features of Nightside ULF Wave Activity in the Ionosphere
Features of Nightside ULF Wave Activity in the Ionosphere Open
We investigate the features of nightside ultralow frequency (ULF) waves in the ionosphere using electric field data in the DC/ULF range observed by the Detection of Electro‐Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions (DEMETER) s…
View article: Cold Plasmaspheric Electrons Affected by ULF Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere: A Van Allen Probes Statistical Study
Cold Plasmaspheric Electrons Affected by ULF Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere: A Van Allen Probes Statistical Study Open
Six years of Van Allen Probes data are used to investigate cold plasmaspheric electrons affected by ultralow‐frequency (ULF) waves in the inner magnetosphere ( L <7) including spatial distributions, occurrence conditions, and resonant ener…
View article: Poleward-moving recurrent auroral arcs associated with impulse-excited standing hydromagnetic waves
Poleward-moving recurrent auroral arcs associated with impulse-excited standing hydromagnetic waves Open
In Earth's high-latitude ionosphere, the poleward motion of east–west elongated auroral arcs has been attributed to standing hydromagnetic waves, especially when the auroral arcs appear quasi-periodically with a recurrence time of a few mi…
View article: A Comparative Study of ULF Waves' Role in the Dynamics of Charged Particles in the Plasmasphere: Van Allen Probes Observation
A Comparative Study of ULF Waves' Role in the Dynamics of Charged Particles in the Plasmasphere: Van Allen Probes Observation Open
By analyzing observations from Van Allen Probes in its inbound and outbound orbits, we present evidence of coherent enhancement of cold plasmaspheric electrons and ions due to drift‐bounce resonance with ultralow frequency (ULF) waves. Fro…
View article: Comparison and Research on Seismic Design Practice for Elec-tric Substation Equipment in China, Japan, USA and Europe
Comparison and Research on Seismic Design Practice for Elec-tric Substation Equipment in China, Japan, USA and Europe Open
This paper compares the key aspects, i.e. the objectives, methods of seismic qualification, site classification and required response spectra (RRS) of GB 50260, JEAG 5003, IEEE Std 693 and IEC 62271-300. This study provides an understandin…
View article: Low‐Energy (<200 eV) Electron Acceleration by ULF Waves in the Plasmaspheric Boundary Layer: Van Allen Probes Observation
Low‐Energy (<200 eV) Electron Acceleration by ULF Waves in the Plasmaspheric Boundary Layer: Van Allen Probes Observation Open
We report observational evidence of cold plasmaspheric electron (<200 eV) acceleration by ultralow frequency (ULF) waves in the plasmaspheric boundary layer on 10 September 2015. Strongly enhanced cold electron fluxes in the energy spectro…
View article: Corotating drift-bounce resonance of plasmaspheric electron with poloidal ULF waves
Corotating drift-bounce resonance of plasmaspheric electron with poloidal ULF waves Open
The purpose of this paper is to understand how low energy plasmaspheric electrons respond to ULF waves excited by interplanetary shocks impinging on magnetosphere. It is found that both energy and pitch angle dispersed plasmaspheric electr…
View article: The interaction between ULF waves and thermal plasma ions at the plasmaspheric boundary layer during substorm activity
The interaction between ULF waves and thermal plasma ions at the plasmaspheric boundary layer during substorm activity Open
During a substorm on 27 January 2004, energetic particle injections associated with ULF waves have been detected when Cluster fleet was traveling inbound in the Southern Hemisphere. Substorm‐injected energetic particles are strong and clea…