Justin E. Stopa
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View article: WV-Net: A Foundation Model for SAR Ocean Satellite Imagery
WV-Net: A Foundation Model for SAR Ocean Satellite Imagery Open
The European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 (S-1) satellite mission has captured more than 10 million images of the ocean surface using C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR WV mode). While machine learning is a promising approach for detecting …
View article: Sensitivity of Warm Rain Rates to Lower PBL Structure as Observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar over the Subtropical Ocean
Sensitivity of Warm Rain Rates to Lower PBL Structure as Observed by Synthetic Aperture Radar over the Subtropical Ocean Open
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is capable of detecting wind and rain signatures at a 5-meter resolution on the ocean surface without interference from overlying cloud cover. Here, wind signatures represent the spatial distributions of capi…
View article: A multi‐tagged SAR ocean image dataset identifying atmospheric boundary layer structure in winter tradewind conditions
A multi‐tagged SAR ocean image dataset identifying atmospheric boundary layer structure in winter tradewind conditions Open
A dataset of multi‐tagged sea surface roughness synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite images was established near Barbados from January to June 2016 to 2019. It is an advancement of the Sentinel‐1 Wave Mode TenGeoP‐SARwv (a labelled SAR…
View article: Characterizing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer for Offshore Wind Energy Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
Characterizing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer for Offshore Wind Energy Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery Open
Measuring boundary layer stratification, wind shear, and turbulence remains challenging for wind resource assessment. In particular, larger eddy scales have the greatest impact on turbine load fluctuations, and there are few in situ method…
View article: WV-Net: A foundation model for SAR WV-mode satellite imagery trained using contrastive self-supervised learning on 10 million images
WV-Net: A foundation model for SAR WV-mode satellite imagery trained using contrastive self-supervised learning on 10 million images Open
The European Space Agency's Copernicus Sentinel-1 (S-1) mission is a constellation of C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites that provide unprecedented monitoring of the world's oceans. S-1's wave mode (WV) captures 20x20 km imag…
View article: Global ocean wave fields show consistent regional trends between 1980 and 2014 in a multi-product ensemble
Global ocean wave fields show consistent regional trends between 1980 and 2014 in a multi-product ensemble Open
Historical trends in the direction and magnitude of ocean surface wave height, period, or direction are debated due to diverse data, time-periods, or methodologies. Using a consistent community-driven ensemble of global wave products, we q…
View article: Designing, generating, and translating deep-ocean observations for and with international policy makers
Designing, generating, and translating deep-ocean observations for and with international policy makers Open
Deep-ocean observing is essential for informing policy making in the arenas of climate, biodiversity, fisheries, energy and minerals extraction, pollution, hazards, and genetic resources. The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS), a UN Ocea…
View article: Automated Global Classification of Surface Layer Stratification Using High‐Resolution Sea Surface Roughness Measurements by Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar
Automated Global Classification of Surface Layer Stratification Using High‐Resolution Sea Surface Roughness Measurements by Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Open
A three‐state global estimator of marine surface layer atmospheric stratification is demonstrated using more than 600,000 Sentinel‐1 synthetic aperture radar wave mode images at incidence angle ≈36.8°. Stratification is quantified using a …
View article: The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy: Addressing Global Challenges in the Deep Sea Through Collaboration
The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy: Addressing Global Challenges in the Deep Sea Through Collaboration Open
The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS) is an international, community-driven initiative that facilitates collaboration across disciplines and fields, elevates a diverse cohort of early career researchers into future leaders, and connects…
View article: An Integrated Observing System for Monitoring Marine Debris and Biodiversity
An Integrated Observing System for Monitoring Marine Debris and Biodiversity Open
Wood, pumice, drifting kelp, and other natural marine debris have long played important roles in marine ecosystems.Today, oceanic "litter" generated by human activities, notably plastics, constitutes the majority of marine debris and is mo…
View article: Ciguatoxin in Hawai'i: Fisheries forecasting using geospatial and environmental analyses for the invasive Cephalopholis argus (Epinephelidae)
Ciguatoxin in Hawai'i: Fisheries forecasting using geospatial and environmental analyses for the invasive Cephalopholis argus (Epinephelidae) Open
Invasive species can precede far-reaching environmental and economic consequences. In the Hawai'ian Archipelago Cephalopholis argus (family Serranidae) is an established invasive species, now recognized as the dominant local reef predator,…
View article: Automation of Student Learning Assessment for the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)
Automation of Student Learning Assessment for the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) Open
The MS program in the Ocean and Resources Engineering Department (ORE) is certified by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). ABET is an international certification that allows engineering programs flexibility while…
View article: The Sea State CCI dataset v1: towards a sea state climate data record based on satellite observations
The Sea State CCI dataset v1: towards a sea state climate data record based on satellite observations Open
Sea state data are of major importance for climate studies, marine engineering, safety at sea and coastal management. However, long-term sea state datasets are sparse and not always consistent, and sea state data users still mostly rely on…
View article: Deep Learning for Predicting Significant Wave Height From Synthetic Aperture Radar
Deep Learning for Predicting Significant Wave Height From Synthetic Aperture Radar Open
The Sentinel-1 satellites equipped with synthetic aperture radars (SARs) provide near-global coverage of the world’s oceans every six days. We curate a data set of collocations between SAR and altimeter satellites and investigate the use o…
View article: Spectral attenuation of ocean waves in pack ice and its application in calibrating viscoelastic wave-in-ice models
Spectral attenuation of ocean waves in pack ice and its application in calibrating viscoelastic wave-in-ice models Open
We investigate a case of ocean waves through a pack ice cover captured by Sentinel-1A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) on 12 October 2015 in the Beaufort Sea. The study domain is 400 km by 300 km, adjacent to a marginal ice zone (MIZ). The w…
View article: The Sea State CCI dataset v1: towards a Sea State Climate DataRecord based on satellite observations
The Sea State CCI dataset v1: towards a Sea State Climate DataRecord based on satellite observations Open
Sea state data are of major importance for climate studies, marine engineering, safety at sea, and coastal management. However, long-term sea state datasets are sparse and not always consistent, and sea state data users still mostly rely o…
View article: Spectral attenuation of gravity wave and model calibration in pack ice
Spectral attenuation of gravity wave and model calibration in pack ice Open
We investigate an instance of wave propagation in the fall of 2015 in thin pack ice (<0.3 m) and use the resulting attenuation data to calibrate two viscoelastic wave-in-ice models that describe wave evolution. The study domain is 400 km b…
View article: Supplementary material to "Spectral attenuation of gravity wave and model calibration in pack ice"
Supplementary material to "Spectral attenuation of gravity wave and model calibration in pack ice" Open
An example of fitting ( $ , ) at a given $ with the Gaussian distribution is shown in Figure 2(a), where is measured counterclockwise from the positive range-axis in the range-azimuth domain.The directional ambiguity inherent in the SAR re…
View article: A labelled ocean SAR imagery dataset of ten geophysical phenomena from Sentinel‐1 wave mode
A labelled ocean SAR imagery dataset of ten geophysical phenomena from Sentinel‐1 wave mode Open
The Sentinel‐1 mission is part of the European Copernicus program aiming at providing observations for Land, Marine and Atmosphere Monitoring, Emergency Management, Security and Climate Change. It is a constellation of two (Sentinel‐1 A an…
View article: Characteristics of Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer Roll Vortices from Sentinel-1 Sar Wave Mode
Characteristics of Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer Roll Vortices from Sentinel-1 Sar Wave Mode Open
Millions of wave mode synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are routinely acquired by the ESA's two sentinel-1 satellites every month over the open ocean. These SAR images capture clear imprints of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) roll vor…
View article: Sea State Trends and Variability: Consistency Between Models, Altimeters, Buoys, and Seismic Data (1979–2016)
Sea State Trends and Variability: Consistency Between Models, Altimeters, Buoys, and Seismic Data (1979–2016) Open
Wave hindcasts of long time series (>30 years) have been instrumental in understanding the wave climate. However, it is still difficult to have a consistent reanalysis suitable for study of trends and interannual variability. Here we explo…
View article: Observing Sea States
Observing Sea States Open
Sea state information is needed for many applications, ranging from safety at sea and on the coast, for which real time data are essential, to planning and design needs for infrastructure that require long time series. The definition of th…
View article: A New Ocean SAR Cross‐Spectral Parameter: Definition and Directional Property Using the Global Sentinel‐1 Measurements
A New Ocean SAR Cross‐Spectral Parameter: Definition and Directional Property Using the Global Sentinel‐1 Measurements Open
Space‐borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements have already been proven to be invaluable in detecting and quantifying properties of ocean swell systems. With the improved spatial resolution, Sentinel‐1 wave mode measurements can f…