Explanipedia

LRP1 facilitates Jamestown Canyon virus infection of neurons Open

Zachary D. Frey, David A. Price, G. Schuyler Brown, Cade E. Sterling, Farheen Fatma , et al. · 2025

Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a bunyavirus and arbovirus that causes viral neuroinvasive disease in North America. JCV neuropathogenesis is understudied, and no pro-viral host factors for cellular infection have been identified. Here, we…

LRP8 is an entry receptor for tick-borne encephalitis viruses Open

Pengfei Li, Sean Hui, Zhenlu Chong, Olivier Escaffre, Michael N. Nguyen , et al. · 2025

Orthoflaviviruses are a genus of arthropod-transmitted RNA viruses that infect humans and other vertebrate animals on a global scale, resulting in extensive morbidity and mortality. Among the orthoflaviviruses, tick-borne encephalitis viru…

A protein-proximity screen reveals Ebola virus co-opts the mRNA decapping complex through the scaffold protein EDC4 Open

Callie J. Donahue, Aditi S. Kesari, Naveen Thakur, Ling Wang, Sarah H. Stubbs , et al. · 2025

Ebola virus VP35 NNLNS motif modulates viral RNA synthesis and MIB2-mediated signaling Open

Grace Uwase, Priya Luthra, O. A. Vogel, Jyoti Batra, Bruno A. La Rosa , et al. · 2025

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a nonsegmented, negative-sense virus (NNSV) with a single-stranded RNA genome. EBOV encodes for a limited number of proteins and thus depends on host factors to facilitate viral replication and pathogenesis. Of the vi…

Identification and Characterization of a Metal Binding-Independent Rift Valley Fever Virus Endonuclease Inhibitor Open

Cara D. Kirby, Gai Liu, Farheen Fatma, Maris R. Pedlow, Narendran G-Dayanandan , et al. · 2025

The viral cap-snatching mechanism, facilitated by the endonuclease (EndoN) domain of viral polymerases, is critical for viral gene transcription and translation and is therefore an attractive target for antiviral development. The successfu…

The Biophysical Basis for Karyopherin-Dependent Ebola Virus VP24 Nuclear Transport Open

Junjie Zhao, Bojie Zhang, O. A. Vogel, B.D. Walker, Warren J. Leonard , et al. · 2025

Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is a highly regulated process that allows the cell to control the partitioning of proteins and nucleic acids between the cytosolic and nuclear compartments. The Ebola virus minor matrix protein VP24 (eVP24) hi…

Ebola virus VP35 NNLNS motif modulates viral RNA synthesis and MIB2-mediated signaling Open

Grace Uwase, Priya Luthra, O. A. Vogel, Jyoti Batra, Bruno A. La Rosa , et al. · 2025

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a non-segmented, negative-sense virus (NNSV) with a single-stranded RNA genome. EBOV encodes for a limited number of proteins and thus depends on host factors to facilitate viral replication and pathogenesis. Of the v…

Molecular basis for human respiratory syncytial virus transcriptional regulator NS1 interactions with MED25 Open

Parismita Kalita, Oam Khatavkar, Grace Uwase, Yulia Korshunova, Yinghong Hu , et al. · 2025

The Mediator complex facilitates interactions between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II, a process that is required for host gene transcription, including in response to viral infections. Among the many subunits in the Mediator c…

Biophysical mapping of TREM2-ligand interactions reveals shared surfaces for engagement of multiple Alzheimer’s disease ligands Open

Jessica A. Greven, Joshua R. Wydra, Rory A. Greer, Cynthia Zhi, David A. Price , et al. · 2025

TREM2 is a signaling receptor expressed on microglia that has emerged as an important drug target for Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. While a number of TREM2 ligands have been identified, little is known regarding…

Lrp1 facilitates infection of neurons by Jamestown Canyon virus Open

Zachary D. Frey, David A. Price, Kaleigh A. Connors, Rachael E. Rush, G. Schuyler Brown , et al. · 2024

Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a bunyavirus and arbovirus responsible for neuroinvasive disease in the United States. Little is known about JCV pathogenesis, and no host factors required for cellular infection have been identified. Recent…

Structural basis for mouse LAG3 interactions with the MHC class II molecule I-Ab Open

Qianqian Ming, Daniel Antfolk, David A. Price, Anna Manturova, Elliot Medina , et al. · 2024

Single-cell image-based genetic screens systematically identify regulators of Ebola virus subcellular infection dynamics Open

Rebecca J. Carlson, J. J. Patten, Georgios Stefanakis, Brian Y. Soong, Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , et al. · 2024

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a high-consequence filovirus that gives rise to frequent epidemics with high case fatality rates and few therapeutic options. Here, we applied image-based screening of a genome-wide CRISPR library to systematically id…

A protein-proximity screen reveals Ebola virus co-opts the mRNA decapping complex through the scaffold protein EDC4 Open

Robert A. Davey, Callie J. Donahue, Aditi S. Kesari, Naveen Thakur, Ling Wang , et al. · 2024

The interaction of host and Ebola virus (EBOV) proteins is required for establishing infection of the cell. To identify protein binding partners, a proximity-dependent protein interaction screen was performed for six EBOV proteins. Hits we…

Optimising the acid–base ratio of Mg–Al layered double oxides to enhance CO2 capture performance: the critical role of calcination conditions Open

Daisy W. Leung, Katherine R. Laney, Philip Kenyon, Nicholas H. Rees, Jean‐Charles Buffet , et al. · 2024

We investigated the impact of calcination conditions of layered double hydroxide on the formation of layered double oxides and its relationship with CO 2 capture.

Viral Targeting of Importin Alpha-Mediated Nuclear Import to Block Innate Immunity Open

O. A. Vogel, Jade K. Forwood, Daisy W. Leung, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Christopher F. Basler · 2023

Cellular nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is mediated by the importin family of nuclear transport proteins. The well-characterized importin alpha (IMPA) and importin beta (IMPB) nuclear import pathway plays a crucial role in the innate immune…

A Flexible, Quantitative Plasmonic-Fluor Lateral Flow Assay for the Rapid Detection of Orthoebolavirus zairense and Orthoebolavirus sudanense Open

Abraham J. Qavi, Qisheng Jiang, M. Javad Aman, Hong Vu, Larry Zetlin , et al. · 2023

Filoviruses comprise a family of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses with a significant impact on human health. Given the risk for disease outbreaks, as highlighted by the recent outbreaks across Africa, there is an unmet need for …

Pathogenicity and virulence of human respiratory syncytial virus: Multifunctional nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS2 Open

Trudy N. Merritt, Jingjing Pei, Daisy W. Leung · 2023

Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised. Despite its discovery over 60 years ago and the global impact on human health, limited e…

Disruption of Ebola NP0VP35 Inclusion Body-like Structures reduce Viral Infection Open

Chao Wu, Nicole D. Wagner, Austin B. Moyle, Annie Feng, Nitin Sharma , et al. · 2023

The Ebola NP0VP35 Complex Phase Separates into Inclusion Body-Like Structures Open

Chao Wu, Nicole D. Wagner, Austin B. Moyle, Annie Feng, Nitin Sharma , et al. · 2023

Viral inclusion bodies (IBs) are potential sites of viral replication and assembly.How viral IBs form remains poorly defined.Here we describe a combined biophysical and cellular approach to identify the components necessary for IB formatio…

Lrp1 is essential for lethal Rift Valley fever hepatic disease in mice Open

Madeline M. Schwarz, Safder S. Ganaie, Annie Feng, G. Schuyler Brown, Yangdon Tenzin , et al. · 2023

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging arbovirus found in Africa. While RVFV is pantropic and infects many cells and tissues, viral replication and necrosis within the liver play a critical role in mediating severe disease. The low-…

Biochemical and HDX Mass Spectral Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 Protein Open

Nawneet Mishra, Ravi Kant, Daisy W. Leung, Michael L. Gross, Gaya K. Amarasinghe · 2023

A major challenge in defining the pathophysiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is to better understand virally encoded multifunctional proteins and their interactions with host factors. Among th…

Host entry factors of Rift Valley Fever Virus infection Open

Safder S. Ganaie, Daisy W. Leung, Amy L. Hartman, Gaya K. Amarasinghe · 2023

Rift Valley Fever Virus Infects the Posterior Segment of the Eye and Induces Inflammation in a Rat Model of Ocular Disease Open

Madeline M. Schwarz, Kaleigh A. Connors, Katherine Davoli, Cynthia M. McMillen, Joseph R. Albe , et al. · 2022

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) infection leads to eye damage in humans in up to 10% of reported cases. Permanent blindness occurs in 50% of individuals with significant retinal scarring.

Detection of biomarkers for filoviral infection with a silicon photonic resonator platform Open

Krista Meserve, Abraham J. Qavi, M. Javad Aman, Hong Vu, Larry Zeitlin , et al. · 2022

This protocol describes the use of silicon photonic microring resonator sensors for detection of Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus (SUDV) soluble glycoprotein (sGP). This protocol encompasses biosensor functionalization of silicon microri…

CAPG Is Required for Ebola Virus Infection by Controlling Virus Egress from Infected Cells Open

Hiroyuki Mori, James P. Connell, Callie J. Donahue, RuthMabel Boytz, Yen Thi Kim Nguyen , et al. · 2022

The replication of Ebola virus (EBOV) is dependent upon actin functionality, especially at cell entry through macropinocytosis and at release of virus from cells. Previously, major actin-regulatory factors involved in actin nucleation, suc…

Oropouche orthobunyavirus infection is mediated by the cellular host factor Lrp1 Open

Madeline M. Schwarz, David A. Price, Safder S. Ganaie, Annie Feng, Nawneet Mishra , et al. · 2022

Oropouche orthobunyavirus (OROV; Peribunyaviridae ) is a mosquito-transmitted virus that causes widespread human febrile illness in South America, with occasional progression to neurologic effects. Host factors mediating the cellular entry…

Plasmonic Fluor-Enhanced Antigen Arrays for High-Throughput, Serological Studies of SARS-CoV-2 Open

Abraham J. Qavi, Chao Wu, Matthew Lloyd, Mohammad Mahabub-Uz Zaman, Jingyi Luan , et al. · 2022

Serological testing for acute infection or prior exposure is critical for patient management and coordination of public health decisions during outbreaks. Current methods have several limitations, including variable performance, relatively…

Monoclonal antibodies binding data for SARS-CoV-2 proteins Open

Nawneet Mishra, Joan Teyra, RuthMabel Boytz, Shane Miersch, Trudy N. Merritt , et al. · 2022

Antigenic landscapes on Staphylococcus aureus pore-forming toxins reveal insights into specificity and cross-neutralization Open

Shweta Kailasan, Ravi Kant, Madeleine Noonan-Shueh, Tulasikumari Kanipakala, Grant C. Liao , et al. · 2022

Staphylococcus aureus carries an exceptional repertoire of virulence factors that aid in immune evasion. Previous single-target approaches for S. aureus-specific vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have failed in clinic…

Liquid Phase Partitioning in Virus Replication: Observations and Opportunities Open

Chao Wu, Alex S. Holehouse, Daisy W. Leung, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Rebecca Dutch · 2022

Viruses frequently carry out replication in specialized compartments within cells. The effect of these structures on virus replication is poorly understood. Recent research supports phase separation as a foundational principle for organiza…

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