Explanipedia

Beyond mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury: modelling severity from clinical, neuroimaging, and blood-based indicators Open

Lindsay D. Nelson, Brooke E. Magnus, John K. Yue, Steve Balsis, Christopher J. Patrick , et al. · 2025

Brain tissue oxygen monitoring for severe traumatic brain injury: the international multicentre randomised controlled BONANZA-GT study protocol Open

Andrew Udy, Toby Jeffcote, Camila R. Battistuzzo, Aideen Sharry, Alexios A. Adamides , et al. · 2025

Introduction The management of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is focused on preventing secondary brain insults, by ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion, oxygenation and substrate delivery. Despite opt…

Traumatic brain injury, changes in plasma amyloid, tau, and neurodegenerative biomarkers, and dementia risk Open

Alexa E. Walter, James Russell Pike, Josef Coresh, Ramon Diaz‐Arrastia, David Menon , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Long‐term trajectories of plasma biomarkers in relation to incident traumatic brain injury (TBI) and whether TBI modifies associations of biomarkers with dementia risk are unknown. METHODS One thousand fifty Atherosclerosis Ri…

Need for a definitive trial of local versus general anaesthesia in chronic subdural haematoma; lessons from a systematic review, survey, and scoping review of other surgical conditions Open

Daniel J. Stubbs, Conor S. Gillespie, Matthew Watson, Basil Nourallah, Caroline Phillips , et al. · 2025

Background Chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH) is a common neurosurgical condition, many patients have significant comorbidity or are living with frailty. Surgery is effective and can be performed under local anaesthesia (with or without sed…

A Technical Assessment of a Commercial GFAP Lateral Flow Assay to Establish Proof-of-Concept for Use in Traumatic Brain Injury Open

Daniel Whitehouse, Edward Needham, Joshua D. Bernstock, Edoardo Gaude, Liam Barrett , et al. · 2025

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an emerging biomarker for the detection of acute intracranial pathology following acute brain injuries such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. We underta…

The amnesic effects of propofol on functional connectivity in the hippocampus determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging in volunteers Open

David Lindsay, R. Adapa, David Menon, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis · 2025

We provide evidence for differential actions of propofol on hippocampal subdivisions and limbic circuits related to amnesic efficacy, which suggests a more significant role of the precuneus in long-term memory consolidation than previously…

Comprehensive profiling of anaesthetised brain dynamics across phylogeny Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Lynn Uhrig, Jordy Tasserie, Golia Shafiei, Kanako Muta , et al. · 2025

The intrinsic dynamics of neuronal circuits shape information processing and cognitive function. Combining non-invasive neuroimaging with anaesthetic-induced suppression of information processing provides a unique opportunity to understand…

Individual patient and donor seroprofiles in convalescent plasma treatment of COVID-19 in REMAP-CAP clinical trial Open

Visa Nurmi, Richard Mayne, Chanice Knight, Hannia Liliana Almonacid-Mendoza, Shannah Secret , et al. · 2025

Based on our data, increased S-antibody levels linked to transfused CP were only observed in pre-seroconversion or immunodeficient patients lacking their own SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, representing the groups where CP treatment has previously …

TILTomorrow today: dynamic factors predicting changes in intracranial pressure treatment intensity after traumatic brain injury Open

Shubhayu Bhattacharyay, Florian D. van Leeuwen, Erta Beqiri, Cecilia Åkerlund, Lindsay Wilson , et al. · 2025

Diminished functional gradient of the precuneus during altered states of consciousness Open

Dian Lyu, R. Adapa, Robin Carhart‐Harris, Leor Roseman, Adrian M. Owen , et al. · 2024

The relationship between the default mode network (DMN) and task-positive networks, such as the frontoparietal control network (FPCN), is a prominent feature of functional connectivity (FC) in the human brain. This relationship is primaril…

Association of Blood-Based Biomarkers and 6-Month Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients With Mild TBI Open

Daniel Whitehouse, Lindsay Wilson, Endre Czeiter, András Büki, Kevin Wang , et al. · 2024

Participants with higher biomarker levels had greater odds of impaired functional recovery. However, in CT-negative participants, higher GFAP concentrations were associated with better HRQoL and less impaired mental health. Further explora…

Does Targeting CPP at CPPopt Actually Improve Cerebrovascular Reactivity? A Secondary Analysis of the COGiTATE Randomized Controlled Trial Open

Erta Beqiri, Jeanette Tas, Marek Czosnyka, Ruud C. R. van Kaam, Joseph E. Donnelly , et al. · 2024

Background The 'CPPopt-Guided Therapy: Assessment of Target Effectiveness' (COGiTATE) randomised controlled trial demonstrated the feasibility and safety of targeting an automated cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) tailored to optimize cere…

Genetic vulnerability and adverse mental health outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of CENTER-TBI and TRACK-TBI cohorts Open

Mart Kals, Lindsay Wilson, Daniel F. Levey, Livia Parodi, Ewout W. Steyerberg , et al. · 2024

BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but their biological drivers are uncertain. We therefore explored whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived for PTSD an…

Exploiting blood-based biomarkers to align preclinical models with human traumatic brain injury Open

Ilaria Lisi, Federico Moro, Edoardo Mazzone, Niklas Marklund, Francesca Pischiutta , et al. · 2024

Rodent models are important research tools for studying the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and developing new therapeutic interventions for this devastating neurological disorder. However, the failure rate for the translat…

The neural correlates of shared and individual experience Open

Peter Coppola, Adrian M. Owen, David Menon, Lorina Naçi, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis · 2024

Contemporary neuroscience research typically focuses on shared contents of experience and common neural states. Conversely, we set out to explore the neural correlates of individual-specific experiences that shape the distinct traits of ea…

Clinical profile of patients with acute traumatic brain injury undergoing cranial surgery in the United States: report from the 18-centre TRACK-TBI cohort study Open

John K. Yue, John H. Kanter, Jason Barber, Michael C. Huang, Thomas A. van Essen , et al. · 2024

Pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to para-infectious immune activation in the brain Open

Cordelia Dunai, Claire Hetherington, Sarah A. Boardman, Jordan J. Clark, Parul Sharma , et al. · 2024

Neurological complications, including encephalopathy and stroke, occur in a significant proportion of COVID-19 cases but viral protein is seldom detected in the brain parenchyma. To model this situation, we developed a novel low-inoculum K…

Quantitative susceptibility mapping at 7 T in COVID-19: brainstem effects and outcome associations Open

Catarina Rua, Betty Raman, Christopher T. Rodgers, Virginia Newcombe, Anne E. Manktelow , et al. · 2024

Post-mortem studies have shown that patients dying from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection frequently have pathological changes in their CNS, particularly in the brainstem. Many of these changes are propos…

Posthospitalization COVID-19 cognitive deficits at 1 year are global and associated with elevated brain injury markers and gray matter volume reduction Open

Greta K. Wood, Brendan Sargent, Zain Ahmad, Kukatharmini Tharmaratnam, Cordelia Dunai , et al. · 2024

The spectrum, pathophysiology and recovery trajectory of persistent post-COVID-19 cognitive deficits are unknown, limiting our ability to develop prevention and treatment strategies. We report the 1-year cognitive, serum biomarker and neur…

Changes in memory and cognition during the SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study Open

William Trender, Peter J. Hellyer, Ben Killingley, Mariya Kalinova, Alex Mann , et al. · 2024

This study was funded through the UK Vaccine Taskforce of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) of Her Majesty's Government. WT was funded by the EPSRC through the CDT for Neurotechnology Imperial College Londo…

Parsimonious immune-response endotypes and global outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury Open

Romit Samanta, Anne-Cécile Chiollaz, Edward Needham, John K. Yue, Adel Helmy , et al. · 2024

Association of early blood-based biomarkers and six-month functional outcomes in conventional severity categories of traumatic brain injury: capturing the continuous spectrum of injury Open

Lindsay Wilson, Virginia Newcombe, Daniel Whitehouse, Stefania Mondello, Andrew I.R. Maas , et al. · 2024

Cognitive Motor Dissociation in Disorders of Consciousness Open

Yelena G. Bodien, Judith Allanson, Paolo Cardone, Arthur Bonhomme, Jerina Carmona , et al. · 2024

Approximately one in four participants without an observable response to commands performed a cognitive task on fMRI or EEG as compared with one in three participants with an observable response to commands. (Funded by the James S. McDonne…

Predicting recovery in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and a normal CT using serum biomarkers and diffusion tensor imaging (CENTER-TBI): an observational cohort study Open

Sophie Richter, Stefan Winzeck, Marta Correia, Endre Czeiter, Daniel Whitehouse , et al. · 2024

Serum lipidome associates with neuroimaging features in patients with traumatic brain injury Open

Ilias Thomas, Virginia Newcombe, Alex M. Dickens, Sophie Richter, Jussi P. Posti , et al. · 2024

A synergistic workspace for human consciousness revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard , et al. · 2024

How is the information-processing architecture of the human brain organised, and how does its organisation support consciousness? Here, we combine network science and a rigorous information-theoretic notion of synergy to delineate a ‘syner…

Author response: A synergistic workspace for human consciousness revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard , et al. · 2024

FlowAtlas: an interactive tool for high-dimensional immunophenotyping analysis bridging FlowJo with computational tools in Julia Open

Valerie Coppard, Gregory Szép, Zoya Georgieva, Sarah Howlett, Lorna B. Jarvis , et al. · 2024

As the dimensionality, throughput and complexity of cytometry data increases, so does the demand for user-friendly, interactive analysis tools that leverage high-performance machine learning frameworks. Here we introduce FlowAtlas: an inte…

The association between age and high-intensity treatment in traumatic brain injury patients: a CENTER-TBI study Open

Ernest van Veen, Erwin J. O. Kompanje, Mathieu van der Jagt, Ana Mikolić, Giuseppe Citerio , et al. · 2024

Introduction Older age is associated with worse outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Whether this association is entirely driven by frailty, or clinicians’ reluctance to give specific treatments to older patients is unclear. Therefo…

Feasibility of Federated Learning from Client Databases with Different Brain Diseases and MRI Modalities Open

F. Wagner, Wentian Xu, Pramit Saha, Ziyun Liang, Daniel Whitehouse , et al. · 2024

Segmentation models for brain lesions in MRI are typically developed for a specific disease and trained on data with a predefined set of MRI modalities. Such models cannot segment the disease using data with a different set of MRI modaliti…

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