Explanipedia

Euclid: methodology for derivation of IPC-corrected conversion gain of nonlinear CMOS APS Open

J Le Graet, A. Secroun, Marie Tourneur-Silvain, W. Gillard, N. Fourmanoit , et al. · 2025

We introduce a fast method to measure the conversion gain in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) active pixel sensors (APS), which accounts for nonlinearity and interpixel capacitance (IPC). The standard ``mean-variance'' method…

Euclid: Early Release Observations -- A combined strong and weak lensing solution for Abell 2390 beyond its virial radius Open

J. M. Diego, G. Congedo, R. Gavazzi, T. Schrabback, Hakim Atek , et al. · 2025

Euclid/ is currently mapping the distribution of matter in the Universe in detail via the weak lensing signature of billions of distant galaxies. The weak lensing signal is most prominent around galaxy clusters and can extend up to distanc…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Characteristics and limitations of the spectroscopic measurements Open

V. Le Brun, M. Béthermin, M. Moresco, D. Vibert, D. Vergani , et al. · 2025

The spectroscopy processing function (SPE PF) of the Euclid pipeline is dedicated to the automatic analysis of 1D spectra to determine redshifts, line fluxes, and spectral classifications. The first Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1) delivers …

Euclid preparation Open

Pierluigi Monaco, Gabriele Parimbelli, M.Y Elkhashab, J. Salvalaggio, T. Castro , et al. · 2025

We present two extensive sets of 3500+1000 simulations of dark matter haloes on the past light cone and two corresponding sets of simulated (mock) galaxy catalogues that represent the spectroscopic sample of Euclid . The simulations were p…

Euclid preparation. Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in Euclid (CLOE). 6: Impact of systematic uncertainties on the cosmological analysis Open

A. Blanchard, Robin Eappen, G Cañas-Herrera, P. Carrilho, Marco Bonici , et al. · 2025

Extracting cosmological information from the Euclid galaxy survey will require modelling numerous systematic effects during the inference process. This implies varying a large number of nuisance parameters, which have to be marginalised ov…

Euclid preparation. Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in Euclid (CLOE). 3. Inference and Forecasts Open

G Cañas-Herrera, L.W.K Goh, L Blot, Marco Bonici, S Camera , et al. · 2025

The Euclid mission aims to measure the positions, shapes, and redshifts of over a billion galaxies to provide unprecedented constraints on the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Achieving this goal requires a continuous reassessment of…

Euclid preparation. Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in Euclid (CLOE). 4: Validation and Performance Open

Euclid Collaboration, A Pezzotta, D Sciotti, D Sciotti, Marco Bonici , et al. · 2025

The Euclid satellite will provide data on the clustering of galaxies and on the distortion of their measured shapes, which can be used to constrain and test the cosmological model. However, the increase in precision places strong requireme…

Euclid preparation. Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in Euclid (CLOE). 5. Extensions beyond the standard modelling of theoretical probes and systematic effects Open

L.W.K Goh, A Nouri-Zonoz, S Pamuk, M Ballardini, Benjamin Bose , et al. · 2025

Euclid is expected to establish new state-of-the-art constraints on extensions beyond the standard LCDM cosmological model by measuring the positions and shapes of billions of galaxies. Specifically, its goal is to shed light on the nature…

Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in \Euclid (CLOE). 1. Theoretical recipe Open

V.F Cardone, Shahab Joudaki, M. Béthermin, Marco Bonici, S Camera , et al. · 2025

As the statistical precision of cosmological measurements increases, the accuracy of the theoretical description of these measurements needs to increase correspondingly in order to infer the underlying cosmology that governs the Universe. …

Euclid preparation Open

A. Humphrey, P. A. C. Cunha, Laura Bisigello, C. Tortora, M. Bolzonella , et al. · 2025

The Euclid Space Telescope will image about 14 000 deg 2 of the extragalactic sky at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, providing a dataset of unprecedented size and richness that will facilitate a multitude of studies into the evoluti…

Euclid preparation Open

M Abdurro'Uf, C. Tortora, M. Baes, Angelos Nersesian, Iva Kovačić , et al. · 2025

The European Space Agency’s Euclid mission will observe approximately 14000 deg 2 of the extragalactic sky and deliver high-quality imaging of a large number of galaxies. The depth and high spatial resolution of the data will enable a deta…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). An investigation of optically faint, red objects in the Euclid Deep Fields Open

G. Girardi, Laura Bisigello, L. Bisigello, A Enia, A Grazian , et al. · 2025

Our understanding of cosmic star formation at z > 3 used to largely rely on rest-frame UV observations. However, these observations overlook dusty and massive sources, resulting in an incomplete census of early star-forming galaxies. Recen…

Euclid preparation. Using mock Low Surface Brightness dwarf galaxies to probe Wide Survey detection capabilities Open

M Urbano, Pierre–Alain Duc, Michel Poulain, Achille Nucita, A. Venhola , et al. · 2025

Local Universe dwarf galaxies are both cosmological and mass assembly probes. Deep surveys have enabled the study of these objects down to the low surface brightness (LSB) regime. In this paper, we estimate Euclid's dwarf detection capabil…

Euclid preparation. Methodology for validating the Euclid Catalogue of Galaxy Clusters using external data Open

J.-B. Mélin, S. A. Stanford, Alex Widmer, Paula Tarrío, J. G. Bartlett , et al. · 2025

We present our methodology for identifying known clusters as counterparts to objects in the Euclid Catalogue of Galaxy Clusters (ECGC). Euclid is expected to detect a large number of optically-selected galaxy clusters over the approximatel…

Euclid: Photometric redshift calibration performance with the clustering-redshifts technique in the Flagship 2 simulation Open

W d'Assignies, Marc Manera, C. Padilla Aranda, O. Ilbert, H. Hildebrandt , et al. · 2025

Physics Mathematics

Aims. The precision of cosmological constraints from imaging surveys hinges on an accurately estimated redshift distribution n ( z ) of the tomographic bins, especially their mean redshifts. We assess the effectiveness of the clustering-re…

Euclid preparation. Establishing the quality of the 2D reconstruction of the filaments of the cosmic web with DisPerSE using Euclid photometric redshifts Open

Nicola Malavasi, Florian Sarron, Ulrike Kuchner, C. Laigle, Katarina Kraljic , et al. · 2025

Cosmic filaments are prominent structures of the matter distribution of the Universe. Modern detection algorithms are an efficient way to identify filaments in large-scale observational surveys of galaxies. Many of these methods were origi…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Extending the quest for little red dots to z<4 Open

G. Rodighiero, S. Fotopoulou, S Quai, K. Jahnkę, A. Feltre , et al. · 2025

Physics

Recent observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed an interesting population of sources with a compact morphology and a characteristic v-shaped continuum, namely blue at a rest frame łambda<4000,Å and red at longe…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). The active galaxies of Euclid Open

S. Fotopoulou, F. Ricci, M. Bolzonella, F. La Franca, A. Viitanen , et al. · 2025

Physics Sociology Mathematics

We present three catalogues of candidate active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the Euclid Quick Release (Q1) fields. For each Euclid source, we collected multi-wavelength photometric and spectroscopic information from surveys such as the Galaxy …

Euclid preparation: Expected constraints on initial conditions Open

F Finelli, Y Akrami, A. H. Andrews, M. Ballardini, S. Casas , et al. · 2025

The Euclid mission of the European Space Agency will deliver galaxy and cosmic shear surveys, which will be used to constrain initial conditions and statistics of primordial fluctuations. We present highlights for the Euclid scientific cap…

Euclid VI. NISP-P optical ghosts Open

Ken Paterson, M. Schirmer, M Schirmer, K. Okumura, K Jahnke , et al. · 2025

The Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) onboard Euclid includes several optical elements in its path, which introduce artefacts into the data from non-nominal light paths. To ensure uncontaminated source photometry, these arte…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Galaxy shapes and alignments in the cosmic web Open

C. Laigle, Euclid Collaboration, Florian Sarron, L Quilley, Christophe Pichon , et al. · 2025

Computer science Physics

Galaxy morphologies and shape orientations are expected to correlate with their large-scale environments, since they grow by accreting matter from the cosmic web and are subject to interactions with other galaxies. We extracted cosmic fila…

Euclid: Early Release Observations. Weak gravitational lensing analysis of Abell 2390 Open

T. Schrabback, G. Congedo, R. Gavazzi, W.G Hartley, H. Jansen , et al. · 2025

The Euclid space telescope of the European Space Agency (ESA) is designed to provide sensitive and accurate measurements of weak gravitational lensing distortions over wide areas on the sky. Here we present a weak gravitational lensing ana…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Exploring galaxy properties with a multi-modal foundation model Open

M. Siudek, M. Huertas-Company, Michael J. Smith, G. Martínez-Solaeche, François Lanusse , et al. · 2025

Physics History Chemistry

Modern astronomical surveys, such as the Euclid mission, produce high-dimensional, multi-modal datasets that include imaging and spectroscopic information for millions of galaxies. These data serve as an ideal benchmark for large, pre-trai…

Euclid: Early Release Observations of diffuse stellar structures and globular clusters as probes of the mass assembly of galaxies in the Dorado group Open

M Urbano, Pierre–Alain Duc, T. Saifollahi, Elisabeth Sola, A. Lançon , et al. · 2025

Physics

Deep surveys have helped to unveil the history of past and present galaxy mergers, and, in particular, uncovering their tidal debris and co-located globular clusters (GCs). Euclid ’s unique combination of capabilities (spatial resolution, …

Euclid preparation. Full-shape modelling of 2-point and 3-point correlation functions in real space Open

M Guidi, A. Veropalumbo, A. Pugno, M. Moresco, E Sefusatti , et al. · 2025

We investigate the accuracy and range of validity of the perturbative model for the 2-point (2PCF) and 3-point (3PCF) correlation functions in real space in view of the forthcoming analysis of the Euclid mission spectroscopic sample. We ta…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Photometric redshifts and physical properties of galaxies through the PHZ processing function Open

M Tucci, S Paltani, W G Hartley, F Dubath, N. Morisset , et al. · 2025

Physics Biology

The ESA Euclid mission will measure the photometric redshifts of billions of galaxies to provide an accurate 3D view of the Universe at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Photometric redshifts are determined by the PHotometric redshift…

Euclid preparation. Accurate and precise data-driven angular power spectrum covariances Open

Kammila Naidoo, Jaime Ruiz-Zapatero, N Tessore, B Joachimi, A. Loureiro , et al. · 2025

We develop techniques for generating accurate and precise internal covariances for measurements of clustering and weak lensing angular power spectra. These methods are designed to produce non-singular and unbiased covariances for Euclid's …

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). From images to multi-wavelength catalogues: The Euclid MERge Processing Function Open

E. Romelli, M. Kümmel, H. Dole, J. Gracia-Carpio, E. Merlin , et al. · 2025

Physics Computer science

The Euclid satellite is an ESA mission that was launched in July 2023. Euclid is working in its regular observing mode with the target of observing an area of $14,000 deg ^2$ with two instruments, the Visible Camera (VIS) and the Near IR S…

Euclid preparation. Constraining parameterised models of modifications of gravity with the spectroscopic and photometric primary probes Open

Izabela Zibetti de Albuquerque, Noemi Frusciante, Z. Sakr, S. Srinivasan, Luís Atayde , et al. · 2025

The Euclid mission has the potential to understand the fundamental physical nature of late-time cosmic acceleration and, as such, of deviations from the standard cosmological model, LCDM. In this paper, we focus on model-independent method…

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). A first view of the star-forming main sequence in the Euclid Deep Fields Open

A Enia, L. Pozzetti, M Bolzonella, L Bisigello, W G Hartley , et al. · 2025

Physics Biology

The star-forming main sequence (SFMS) is a tight relation observed between stellar masses and star formation rates (SFR) in a population of galaxies. This relation is observed at different redshifts, in various morphological, and environme…

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