Kholoud Porter
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View article: Allele-specific zinc metalloprotease B influences cardiac damage during invasive pneumococcal disease
Allele-specific zinc metalloprotease B influences cardiac damage during invasive pneumococcal disease Open
During severe infection, Streptococcuspneumoniae invades the myocardium, causing life-threatening cardiac complications. Bacterial genome-wide association studies implicate a specific allele of the gene encoding zinc metalloprotease B (Zmp…
View article: Handy Relation Between Binary Black Hole Merger Times and Host Galaxy Properties
Handy Relation Between Binary Black Hole Merger Times and Host Galaxy Properties Open
Over the past 15 years, the evidence has clearly demonstrated that massive black hole (MBH) binary merger timescales depend strongly on the structural and kinematic properties of their host galaxy. Stellar density, gas content, shape and k…
View article: HIV-phyloTSI: subtype-independent estimation of time since HIV-1 infection for cross-sectional measures of population incidence using deep sequence data
HIV-phyloTSI: subtype-independent estimation of time since HIV-1 infection for cross-sectional measures of population incidence using deep sequence data Open
Background Estimating the time since HIV infection (TSI) at population level is essential for tracking changes in the global HIV epidemic. Most methods for determining TSI give a binary classification of infections as recent or non-recent …
View article: HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review
HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review Open
Background Individuals who have recently acquired HIV represent a unique population because the time frame since HIV acquisition is relatively short and identification of missed HIV prevention opportunities is, therefore, closer to real ti…
View article: Impact of interrupting antiretroviral therapy started during primary HIV-1 infection on plasma neurofilament light chain protein, a marker of neuronal injury: The SPARTAC trial
Impact of interrupting antiretroviral therapy started during primary HIV-1 infection on plasma neurofilament light chain protein, a marker of neuronal injury: The SPARTAC trial Open
Using plasma NfL as a surrogate marker, a decrease in neuro-axonal injury was observed in a cohort of participants following ART initiation during PHI, with no evidence of neuro-axonal injury rebound following ART interruption for up to 12…
View article: HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review
HIV prevention and missed opportunities among people with recently acquired HIV infection: Α protocol for a systematic review Open
Background Individuals who have recently acquired HIV represent a unique population because the time frame since HIV acquisition is relatively short and identification of missed HIV prevention opportunities is, therefore, closer to real ti…
View article: CASCADE protocol: exploring current viral and host characteristics, measuring clinical and patient-reported outcomes, and understanding the lived experiences and needs of individuals with recently acquired HIV infection through a multicentre mixed-methods observational study in Europe and Canada
CASCADE protocol: exploring current viral and host characteristics, measuring clinical and patient-reported outcomes, and understanding the lived experiences and needs of individuals with recently acquired HIV infection through a multicentre mixed-methods observational study in Europe and Canada Open
Introduction Despite the availability of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), 21 793 people were newly diagnosed with HIV in Europe in 2019. The Concerted action on seroconversion to AIDS and death in Europe st…
View article: HIV-phyloTSI: Subtype-independent estimation of time since HIV-1 infection for cross-sectional measures of population incidence using deep sequence data
HIV-phyloTSI: Subtype-independent estimation of time since HIV-1 infection for cross-sectional measures of population incidence using deep sequence data Open
Estimating the time since HIV infection (TSI) at population level is essential for tracking changes in the global HIV epidemic. Most methods for determining duration of infection classify samples into recent and non-recent and are unable t…
View article: A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands
A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands Open
We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log 10 increase (i.e., a ~3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhi…
View article: Phylogenetic estimation of the viral fitness landscape of HIV-1 set-point viral load
Phylogenetic estimation of the viral fitness landscape of HIV-1 set-point viral load Open
Set-point viral load (SPVL), a common measure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 virulence, is partially determined by viral genotype. Epidemiological evidence suggests that this viral property has been under stabilising selection, wi…
View article: Mass drug administration for endemic scabies: a systematic review
Mass drug administration for endemic scabies: a systematic review Open
Background Scabies is an extremely fastidious infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. It causes a persistent itch that can disrupt a person’s mental health, sleep, and overall quality of life. In endemic areas, treatment by targe…
View article: Timing of HAART Initiation and Clinical Outcomes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconverters
Timing of HAART Initiation and Clinical Outcomes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconverters Open
BACKGROUND To estimate the clinical benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation vs deferral in a given month in patients with CD4 cell counts less than 800/μL. METHODS In this observational cohort study of human immu…
View article: Effect Estimates in Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: Comparing Apples with Apples
Effect Estimates in Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: Comparing Apples with Apples Open
Effect estimates from randomized trials and observational studies might not be directly comparable because of differences in study design, other than randomization, and in data analysis. We propose a 3-step procedure to facilitate meaningf…
View article: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Continuum of Care in 11 European Union Countries at the End of 2016 Overall and by Key Population: Have We Made Progress?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Continuum of Care in 11 European Union Countries at the End of 2016 Overall and by Key Population: Have We Made Progress? Open
Background High uptake of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and related mortality; however, gaps in care exist. We aimed to construct the continuum of HIV care (CoC) in 20…
View article: Comparison of dynamic monitoring strategies based on CD4 cell counts in virally suppressed, HIV-positive individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a prospective, observational study
Comparison of dynamic monitoring strategies based on CD4 cell counts in virally suppressed, HIV-positive individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy in high-income countries: a prospective, observational study Open
BACKGROUND Clinical guidelines vary with respect to the optimal monitoring frequency of HIV-positive individuals. We compared dynamic monitoring strategies based on time-varying CD4 cell counts in virologically suppressed HIV-positive indi…
View article: Effectiveness of Transmitted Drug Resistance Testing Before Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Individuals
Effectiveness of Transmitted Drug Resistance Testing Before Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Individuals Open
Background: For people living with HIV, major guidelines in high-income countries recommend testing for transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to guide the choice of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, individuals who fail a first…
View article: Health system capacity to report on indicators fostering integrated people-centred HIV care: findings from six European countries
Health system capacity to report on indicators fostering integrated people-centred HIV care: findings from six European countries Open
Introduction: Effective antiretroviral treatment has greatly increased life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, PLHIV have higher levels of multimorbidity than the general population. Integrated people-centred health se…
View article: The Consensus Hepatitis C Cascade of Care: Standardized Reporting to Monitor Progress Toward Elimination
The Consensus Hepatitis C Cascade of Care: Standardized Reporting to Monitor Progress Toward Elimination Open
Cascade-of-care (CoC) monitoring is an important component of the response to the global hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic. CoC metrics can be used to communicate, in simple terms, the extent to which national and subnational governments ar…
View article: Effect Estimates in Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: Comparing Apples With Apples
Effect Estimates in Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: Comparing Apples With Apples Open
Effect estimates from randomized trials and observational studies might not be directly comparable because of differences in study design, other than randomization, and in data analysis. We propose a 3-step procedure to facilitate meaningf…
View article: Emulating a trial of joint dynamic strategies: An application to monitoring and treatment of HIV‐positive individuals
Emulating a trial of joint dynamic strategies: An application to monitoring and treatment of HIV‐positive individuals Open
Decisions about when to start or switch a therapy often depend on the frequency with which individuals are monitored or tested. For example, the optimal time to switch antiretroviral therapy depends on the frequency with which HIV‐positive…
View article: Additional file 1: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors
Additional file 1: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors Open
Table S1. HIV-1 subtype distribution by cohort country and risk group. (DOCX 25 kb)
View article: Additional file 4: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors
Additional file 4: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors Open
Study sequences. (XLS 7720 kb)
View article: Additional file 2: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors
Additional file 2: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors Open
Table S2. Bootstrap support values of MTCs identified with ML phylogenies. (DOCX 22 kb)
View article: Additional file 3: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors
Additional file 3: of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors Open
CASCADE and EuroCoord acknowledgements, and list of ethics committees. (DOCX 20 kb)
View article: Determining the Origins of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug-resistant Minority Variants in People Who Are Recently Infected Using Phylogenetic Reconstruction
Determining the Origins of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug-resistant Minority Variants in People Who Are Recently Infected Using Phylogenetic Reconstruction Open
Background Drug-resistant minority variants (DRMinVs) detected in patients who recently acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be transmitted, generated de novo through virus replication, or technical errors. The first fo…
View article: Virological outcomes of boosted protease inhibitor-based first-line ART in subjects harbouring thymidine analogue-associated mutations as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance
Virological outcomes of boosted protease inhibitor-based first-line ART in subjects harbouring thymidine analogue-associated mutations as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance Open
In this cohort, patients harbouring ≥1 TAM as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance gained no apparent virological advantage from starting first-line ART with a PI/b.
View article: Effect of incident hepatitis C infection on CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA trajectories based on a multinational HIV seroconversion cohort
Effect of incident hepatitis C infection on CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA trajectories based on a multinational HIV seroconversion cohort Open
Irrespective of the duration of HIV infection when HCV is acquired, CD4+ cell counts were temporarily lower following HCVsc, even when on cART. The clinical implications of our findings remain to be further elucidated.