Explanipedia

Cost-effectiveness of smoke-free interventions: A systematicreview Open

Kalin Werner, Tracy Kuo Lin, Rahaf H Binshehah, Shahin Ma, Abdulmohsen H. Al‐Zalabani , et al. · 2025

Public smoking bans consistently saved healthcare costs; workplace and school-based bans were also cost-effective, though context-dependent. This review suggests that smoking bans, particularly comprehensive smoke-free policies, should be …

Cost-effectiveness of physical activity-oriented interventions for improving mental health: a systematic review Open

Noara Alhusseini, Tracy Kuo Lin, Kalin Werner, George C. S. Lin, Yasmin Altwaijri , et al. · 2025

Question Are physical activity-oriented interventions for improving mental health conditions cost-effective? This study systematically identified and summarized published evidence on the cost-effectiveness of physical activity-oriented int…

A systematic review of cost-effectiveness of treating out of hospital cardiac arrest and the implications for resource-limited health systems Open

Kalin Werner, Sarah Hirner, Ogechukwu Agatha Offorjebe, Edouard Hosten, Julian Gordon , et al. · 2024

Our review found no high-quality evidence on the cost-effectiveness of treating OHCA in low-resource settings. Existing evidence can be utilized to develop a roadmap for the development of a cost-effective approach to OHCA care, however fu…

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on conflict and health system–related violent events in Libya: An interrupted time series analysis Open

Tracy Kuo Lin, Kalin Werner, Mariam M. Hamza, Christopher H. Herbst · 2024

As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations Security Council passed resolution S/RES2532 (2020), requesting the cessation of hostilities. Despite ceasefire initiatives, evidence suggests that both conflict and violent events…

Patient Preferences for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Care in South Africa: A Discrete Choice Experiment Open

Kalin Werner, Willem Stassen, Elzarie Theron, Lee Wallis, Tracy Kuo Lin · 2024

A Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Implications for Resource-limited Health Systems Open

Kalin Werner, Sarah Hirner, Ogechukwu Agatha Offorjebe, Edouard Hosten, Julian Gordon , et al. · 2024

Background Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a prevalent condition with high mortality and poor outcomes even in settings where extensive emergency care resources are available. Interventions to address OHCA have had limited success…

The cost-effectiveness of school-based interventions for chronic diseases: a systematic review Open

George C. S. Lin, Kalin Werner, Ada Alqunaiebet, Mariam M. Hamza, Norah Alkanhal , et al. · 2024

Background Chronic diseases, or non-communicable diseases (NCD), are conditions of long duration and often influenced and contributed by complex interactions of several variables, including genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavi…

Behavioural economic interventions to reduce health care appointment non-attendance: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open

Kalin Werner, Sara Abdulrahman Alsuhaibani, Reem F. Alsukait, Reem Alshehri, Christopher H. Herbst , et al. · 2023

Background Appointment non-attendance – often referred to as “missed appointments”, “patient no-show”, or “did not attend (DNA)” – causes volatility in health systems around the world. Of the different approaches that can be adopted to red…

The economic value of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers Open

Theodore Bolas, Kalin Werner, Sarah Alkenbrack, Manuela Villar Uribe, Mengxiao Wang , et al. · 2023

In this paper, we examine the cost effectiveness of investment in personal protective equipment (PPE) for protecting health care workers (HCWs) against two infectious diseases: Ebola virus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (M…

Emergency care in post-conflict settings: a systematic literature review Open

Kalin Werner, Mohini Kak, Christopher H. Herbst, Tracy Kuo Lin · 2023

Behavioural economic interventions to reduce health care appointment non-attendance: A systematic review Open

Kalin Werner, Sara Abdulrahman Alsuhaibani, Reem F. Alsukait, Christopher H. Herbst, Tracy Kuo Lin · 2023

Background Appointment non-attendance – often referred to as “missed appointments”, “patient no-show”, or “did not attend (DNA)” – causes volatility in health systems around the world. Of the different approaches that can be adopted to red…

Cost-effectiveness analysis of the multi-strategy WHO emergency care toolkit in regional referral hospitals in Uganda Open

Kalin Werner, Nicholas Risko, Joseph Kalanzi, Lee Wallis, Teri Reynolds · 2022

Background Low- and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate amount of the global burden of disease from emergency conditions. To improve the provision of emergency care in low-resource settings, a multifaceted World Health Organiza…

Health-care worker retention in post-conflict settings: a systematic literature review Open

Tracy Kuo Lin, Kalin Werner, Mohini Kak, Christopher H. Herbst · 2022

Conflicts affect health-care systems not only during but also well beyond periods of violence and immediate crises by draining resources, destroying infrastructure and perpetrating human resource shortages. Improving health-care worker (HC…

The role of community health worker-based care in post-conflict settings: a systematic review Open

Kalin Werner, Mohini Kak, Christopher H. Herbst, Tracy Kuo Lin · 2022

Countries affected by conflict often experience the deterioration of health system infrastructure and weaken service delivery. Evidence suggests that healthcare services that leverage local community dynamics may ameliorate health system-r…

Emergency care in post-conflict settings: a systematic literature review Open

Kalin Werner, Mohini Kak, Christopher H. Herbst, Tracy Kuo Lin · 2022

Background: Emergency care systems (ECS) organize and provide access to life-saving care both during transport and at health facilities. This review aims to systematically identify and summarize the published evidence on the delivery of em…

Individual performance-based incentives for health care workers in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries: a systematic literature review Open

Tracy Kuo Lin, Kalin Werner, Sophie Witter, Mohammed Alluhidan, Taghred Alghaith , et al. · 2022

In response to rising costs and growing concerns about safety, quality, equity and affordability of health care, many countries have now developed and deployed performance-based incentives, targeted at facilities as well as individuals. Ev…

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Conflict and Health System–Related Violent Events in Libya: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis Open

Tracy Kuo Lin, Kalin Werner, Mariam M. Hamza, Christopher H. Herbst · 2022

Background As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations Security Council passed resolution S/RES2532 (2020), requesting the cessation of hostilities. Despite initiatives for a ceasefire, descriptive evidence suggests that bot…

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Africa: a scoping review Open

Juliette Thibodeau, Kalin Werner, Lee Wallis, Willem Stassen · 2022

Introduction Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is well studied in high-income countries, and research has encouraged the implementation of policy to increase survival rates. On the other hand, comprehensive research on OHCA in Africa i…

Examining the cost-effectiveness of personal protective equipment for formal healthcare workers in Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic Open

Jacob Kazungu, Kenneth Munge, Kalin Werner, Nicholas Risko, Andrés I. Vecino-Ortiz , et al. · 2021

Examining the Cost-effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment for Formal Healthcare Workers in Kenya during the COVID-19 Pandemic Open

Jacob Kazungu, Kenneth Munge, Kalin Werner, Nicholas Risko, Andrés I. Vecino-Ortiz , et al. · 2021

Background: Healthcare workers are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection during care encounters compared to the general population. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) have been shown to protect COVID-19 among healthcare workers, however,…

The costs of delivering emergency care at regional referral hospitals in Uganda: a micro-costing study Open

Kalin Werner, Tracy Kuo Lin, Nicholas Risko, Martha Osiro, Joseph Kalanzi , et al. · 2021

Background Uganda experiences a high morbidity and mortality burden due to conditions amenable to emergency care, yet few public hospitals have dedicated emergency units. As a result, little is known about the costs and effects of deliveri…

The costs of delivering emergency care at Regional Referral Hospitals in Uganda: A micro-costing study Open

Kalin Werner, Tracy Kuo Lin, Nicholas Risko, Martha Osiro, Joseph Kalanzi , et al. · 2021

BACKGROUND Uganda experiences a high morbidity and mortality burden due to conditions amenable to emergency care, yet few public hospitals have dedicated emergency units. As a result, little is known about the costs and effects of deliveri…

Evaluating determinants of receipt of molecular imaging in biochemical recurrent prostate cancer Open

Hala T. Borno, Tracy Kuo Lin, Anobel Y. Odisho, Arpita Desai, Vadim S. Koshkin , et al. · 2020

Background Molecular imaging with novel radiotracers is changing the treatment landscape in prostate cancer (PCa). Currently, standard of care includes either conventional and molecular imaging at time of biochemical recurrence (BCR). This…

Cost-effectiveness and return on investment of protecting health workers in low- and middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic Open

Nicholas Risko, Kalin Werner, Ogechukwu Agatha Offorjebe, Andrés I. Vecino-Ortiz, Lee Wallis , et al. · 2020

In scenarios where PPE remains scarce, 70-100% of HCWs will get infected, irrespective of nationwide social distancing policies. Maintaining HCW infection rates below 10% and mortality below 1% requires inclusion of a PPE scale-up strategy…

The Costs of Delivering Emergency Care at Regional Referral Hospitals in Uganda: A Micro-Costing Study Open

Kalin Werner, Tracy Kuo Lin, Nicholas Risko, Martha Osiro, Joseph Kalanzi , et al. · 2020

BACKGROUND Uganda experiences a high morbidity and mortality burden due to conditions amenable to emergency care, yet few public hospitals have dedicated emergency units. As a result, little is known about the costs and effects of deliveri…

Cost-effectiveness and return on investment of protecting health workers in low- and middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic Open

Nicholas Risko, Kalin Werner, Ogechukwu Agatha Offorjebe, Andrés I. Vecino-Ortiz, Lee Wallis , et al. · 2020

Background In this paper, we predict the health and economic consequences of immediate investment in personal protective equipment (PPE) for health care workers (HCWs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods To account for hea…

Cost–effectiveness of emergency care interventions in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review Open

Kalin Werner, Nicholas Risko, Taylor Burkholder, Kenneth Munge, Lee Wallis , et al. · 2020

We found large gaps in the evidence surrounding the cost-effectiveness of emergency care interventions in low- and middle-income settings. Given the breadth of interventions currently in practice, many interventions remain unassessed, sugg…

Cost-Effectiveness and Return on Investment of Protecting Health Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic Open

Nicholas Risko, Kalin Werner, Agatha Offorjebe, Andrés I. Vecino-Ortiz, Lee Wallis , et al. · 2020

Clinical and Historical Features Associated with Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open

Jennifer Pigoga, Alexandra Friedman, Morgan C Broccoli, Sarah Hirner, Antoinette Vanessa Naidoo , et al. · 2020

Advanced life support courses in Africa: Certification, availability and perceptions Open

Alexandra Friedman, Kalin Werner, Heike Geduld, Lee Wallis · 2020

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