Karel G.M. Moons
YOU?
Author Swipe
View article: Explainable AI in healthcare: to explain, to predict, or to describe?
Explainable AI in healthcare: to explain, to predict, or to describe? Open
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods are designed to provide information about how AI-based models make predictions. In healthcare, there is a widespread expectation that these methods will provide relevant and accurate informa…
View article: Network meta-analysis of prediction models using aggregate or individual participant data — a scoping review and recommendations for reporting and conduct
Network meta-analysis of prediction models using aggregate or individual participant data — a scoping review and recommendations for reporting and conduct Open
Prediction models are tools used in medicine to estimate a patient's risk of developing a disease or experiencing a health outcome. Many different prediction models exist for the same condition, and it can be difficult for doctors and rese…
View article: Write your abstracts carefully—The impact of abstract reporting quality on findability by semi-automated title-abstract screening tools
Write your abstracts carefully—The impact of abstract reporting quality on findability by semi-automated title-abstract screening tools Open
Systematic reviews summarize scientific evidence from literature to support clinical decision-making. In the conduct of a systematic review, thousands of papers have to be screened for relevance, making the process costly and laborious. To…
View article: Evaluation of semi-automated record screening methods for systematic reviews of prognosis studies and intervention studies
Evaluation of semi-automated record screening methods for systematic reviews of prognosis studies and intervention studies Open
Systematic reviews (SRs) synthesize evidence through a rigorous, labor-intensive, and costly process. To accelerate the title–abstract screening phase of SRs, several artificial intelligence (AI)-based semi-automated screening tools have b…
View article: Is frailty incremental to the 4C Mortality model for mortality risk prediction in hospitalized older individuals with COVID-19 disease?
Is frailty incremental to the 4C Mortality model for mortality risk prediction in hospitalized older individuals with COVID-19 disease? Open
Frailty reflected by CFS demonstrated limited incremental value for in-hospital mortality prediction in addition to validated 4C Mortality model. Future research should explore other predictors that capture heterogeneity in older populatio…
View article: Deriving calibration plots in large clustered datasets
Deriving calibration plots in large clustered datasets Open
Background It is widely recommended to assess the discrimination and calibration performance of clinical prediction models (CPMs) before their implementation in clinical practice. Calibration is preferably assessed visually, by plotting th…
View article: Importance of sample size on the quality and utility of AI-based prediction models for healthcare
Importance of sample size on the quality and utility of AI-based prediction models for healthcare Open
Rigorous study design and analytical standards are required to generate reliable findings in healthcare from artificial intelligence (AI) research. One crucial but often overlooked aspect is the determination of appropriate sample sizes fo…
View article: Plug-and-play use of tree-based methods: consequences for clinical prediction modeling
Plug-and-play use of tree-based methods: consequences for clinical prediction modeling Open
In healthcare, statistical models can be used to predict a patient's risk of having or developing certain medical conditions. These predictions can be used for diagnosis, treatment planning, or informing patients. While there are many ways…
View article: Agreeability testing of AMSTAR-PF, a tool for quality appraisal of systematic reviews of prognostic factor studies
Agreeability testing of AMSTAR-PF, a tool for quality appraisal of systematic reviews of prognostic factor studies Open
Background This paper details initial testing of the agreeability and usability of a novel quality appraisal tool for systematic reviews of prognostic factor studies: AMSTAR-PF. Methods Fourteen appraisers each assessed eight systematic re…
View article: PROBAST+AI: an updated quality, risk of bias, and applicability assessment tool for prediction models using regression or artificial intelligence methods
PROBAST+AI: an updated quality, risk of bias, and applicability assessment tool for prediction models using regression or artificial intelligence methods Open
The Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST) is used to assess the quality, risk of bias, and applicability of prediction models or algorithms and of prediction model/algorithm studies. Since PROBAST’s introduction in 2019, …
View article: Observational birth cohorts for causal and predictive inference: The example of childhood asthma and allergic diseases
Observational birth cohorts for causal and predictive inference: The example of childhood asthma and allergic diseases Open
Prospective birth cohort studies have identified important factors associated with the development and occurrence of early life conditions and facilitated exploration of causal mechanisms. We discuss the strengths, importance, and biases o…
View article: Stroke etiology and white matter burden in women with and without migraine
Stroke etiology and white matter burden in women with and without migraine Open
Women with both stroke and migraine more often had undetermined etiology of stroke compared to women with stroke alone, and in women with stroke alone smoking was a more prevalent risk factor. Migraine did not contribute to increased WMH v…
View article: Charlson comorbidity index has no incremental value for mortality risk prediction in nursing home residents with COVID-19 disease
Charlson comorbidity index has no incremental value for mortality risk prediction in nursing home residents with COVID-19 disease Open
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing home (NH) residents faced the highest risk of severe COVID-19 disease and mortality. Due to their frailty status, comorbidity burden can serve as a useful predictive indicator of vulnerabili…
View article: The influence of the dynamic context of the pandemic on the predictive performance of mortality predictions over time in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19
The influence of the dynamic context of the pandemic on the predictive performance of mortality predictions over time in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19 Open
Compared to the moderate model performance in the first wave, we observed a slight decrease in terms of discrimination and calibration in the second and third wave with a much larger decrease in the fourth wave. This highlights the importa…
View article: Methodological quality assessment tools for diagnosis and prognosis research: overview and guidance
Methodological quality assessment tools for diagnosis and prognosis research: overview and guidance Open
Methodological quality assessment (QA) tools provide a set of criteria to evaluate how well a medical study was done and how trustworthy its results are. To accurately assess a study's quality, it is important to use a QA tool that matches…
View article: The use of imputation in clinical decision support systems: a cardiovascular risk management pilot vignette study among clinicians
The use of imputation in clinical decision support systems: a cardiovascular risk management pilot vignette study among clinicians Open
Aims A major challenge of the use of prediction models in clinical care is missing data. Real-time imputation may alleviate this. However, to what extent clinicians accept this solution remains unknown. We aimed to assess acceptance of rea…
View article: The association of inflammatory markers with frailty and in-hospital mortality in older COVID-19 patients
The association of inflammatory markers with frailty and in-hospital mortality in older COVID-19 patients Open
While frailty is a significant factor in determining overall outcomes in older patients, our study suggests that the elevated risk of mortality in older patients with frailty compared to fit patients is likely not explained by difference i…
View article: Prediction of individual lifetime cardiovascular risk and potential treatment benefit: development and recalibration of the LIFE-CVD2 model to four European risk regions
Prediction of individual lifetime cardiovascular risk and potential treatment benefit: development and recalibration of the LIFE-CVD2 model to four European risk regions Open
Aims The 2021 European Society of Cardiology prevention guidelines recommend the use of (lifetime) risk prediction models to aid decisions regarding initiation of prevention. We aimed to update and systematically recalibrate the LIFEtime-p…
View article: Older people’s goals of care in relation to frailty status—the COOP-study
Older people’s goals of care in relation to frailty status—the COOP-study Open
Background Literature relating older people’s goals of care to their varying frailty status is scarce. Objective To investigate goals of care in case of acute and/or severe disease in relationship to frailty status among the general older …
View article: The harms of class imbalance corrections for machine learning based prediction models: a simulation study
The harms of class imbalance corrections for machine learning based prediction models: a simulation study Open
Risk prediction models are increasingly used in healthcare to aid in clinical decision making. In most clinical contexts, model calibration (i.e., assessing the reliability of risk estimates) is critical. Data available for model developme…
View article: TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods
TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods Open
The TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) statement was published in 2015 to provide the minimum reporting recommendations for studies developing or evaluating the performa…
View article: SPIN-PM: a consensus framework to evaluate the presence of spin in studies on prediction models
SPIN-PM: a consensus framework to evaluate the presence of spin in studies on prediction models Open
We proposed this guidance aiming to facilitate not only the accurate reporting but also an accurate interpretation and extrapolation of clinical prediction models which will likely improve the reporting quality of subsequent research, as w…
View article: Evaluation of Less Invasive Sampling Tools for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Evaluation of Less Invasive Sampling Tools for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Open
Background Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) usually relies on invasive samples, but it is unclear whether more patient-friendly tools are good alternatives for diverse lesions when used with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Method…