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View article: Synchronized seasonal excretion of multiple coronaviruses coincides with high rates of coinfection in immature bats
Synchronized seasonal excretion of multiple coronaviruses coincides with high rates of coinfection in immature bats Open
Bats host a high diversity of coronaviruses, including betacoronaviruses that have caused outbreaks and pandemics in humans and other species. Here, we study the spatiotemporal dynamics of co-circulating coronaviruses in Pteropus spp bats …
View article: Evaluation of a test-and-cull strategy to control bovine paratuberculosis based on the detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis DNA using the high-throughput Johne's fecal polymerase chain reaction test
Evaluation of a test-and-cull strategy to control bovine paratuberculosis based on the detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis DNA using the high-throughput Johne's fecal polymerase chain reaction test Open
Bovine Johne's disease (BJD) is a chronic, debilitating enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP), with both animal welfare and economic consequences. The detection of MAP in feces is an important measure of trans…
View article: Detection of the unique sugars virenose and dihydrohydroxystreptose from Coxiella burnetii using alditol acetylation and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy
Detection of the unique sugars virenose and dihydrohydroxystreptose from Coxiella burnetii using alditol acetylation and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy Open
The bacterium Coxiella burnetii causes Q-Fever in humans and coxiellosis in animals. This work presents a robust, sensitive and selective method for the identification of two unique sugars found in the lipopolysaccharide of C. burnetii. Th…
View article: Characterisation of IS1311 in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genomes: Typing, continental clustering, microbial evolution and host adaptation
Characterisation of IS1311 in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genomes: Typing, continental clustering, microbial evolution and host adaptation Open
Johne’s disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a global burden for livestock producers and has an association with Crohn’s disease in humans. Within MAP there are two major lineages, S/Type I/TypeI…
View article: Zebrafish<i>tsc1</i>and<i>cxcl12a</i>increase susceptibility to mycobacterial infection
Zebrafish<i>tsc1</i>and<i>cxcl12a</i>increase susceptibility to mycobacterial infection Open
Regulation of host miRNA expression is a contested node that controls the host immune response to mycobacterial infection. The host must counter subversive efforts of pathogenic mycobacteria to launch a protective immune response. Here, we…
View article: Synthetic Particulate Subunit Vaccines for the Prevention of Q Fever
Synthetic Particulate Subunit Vaccines for the Prevention of Q Fever Open
Coxiella burnetti is an intracellular bacterium that causes Q fever, a disease of worldwide importance. Q‐VAX ® , the approved human Q fever vaccine, is a whole cell vaccine associated with safety concerns. Here a safe particulate subunit …
View article: Whole transcriptome analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection and identification of circulating miRNA as biomarkers for resilience
Whole transcriptome analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection and identification of circulating miRNA as biomarkers for resilience Open
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD), results in a chronic enteritis affecting ruminants worldwide and presents to severe economic and welfare issues. Pathogenic mycobacteria such a…
View article: Association between major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and susceptibility of unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle to paratuberculosis
Association between major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and susceptibility of unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle to paratuberculosis Open
Bovine Johne's disease (BJD) or paratuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and is a worldwide problem among domestic and wild ruminants. While vaccines are available, natural differences in background imm…
View article: Diphtheria Toxoid Particles as Q Fever Vaccine
Diphtheria Toxoid Particles as Q Fever Vaccine Open
There is an unmet need for a stable and nonreactogenic vaccine against the bioterrorism agent, Coxiella burnetii , causing Q fever. Here a safe, effective, and non‐reactogenic Q fever vaccine is developed by employing self‐assembled partic…
View article: Impact of bushfires on Australian livestock health, welfare and carcase quality
Impact of bushfires on Australian livestock health, welfare and carcase quality Open
The 2019/2020 Australian bushfires were unprecedented in terms of total area burned and impact on livestock and wildlife populations. However, there is currently limited literature available relating the consequences of bushfire or smoke e…
View article: IP10 is a predictor of successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis infection in sheep
IP10 is a predictor of successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis infection in sheep Open
The cell mediated immune response and ability of immune cells to migrate to the site of infection are both key aspects of protection against many pathogens. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is an intracellular pathogen and…
View article: Correlates of vaccine protection against Mycobacterium avium sub-species paratuberculosis infection revealed in a transcriptomic study of responses in Gudair® vaccinated sheep
Correlates of vaccine protection against Mycobacterium avium sub-species paratuberculosis infection revealed in a transcriptomic study of responses in Gudair® vaccinated sheep Open
A critical hindrance in the development of effective vaccine strategies to combat infectious disease is lack of knowledge about correlates of protection and of the host responses necessary for successful adaptive immunity. Often vaccine fo…
View article: Sheep vaccinated against paratuberculosis have increased levels of B cells infiltrating the intestinal tissue
Sheep vaccinated against paratuberculosis have increased levels of B cells infiltrating the intestinal tissue Open
Systemic immunisation delivered subcutaneously is currently used to control paratuberculosis, a chronic enteritis of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). These vaccines do not provide complete protecti…
View article: An O-Specific Polysaccharide/Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine Induces Protection in Guinea Pigs against Virulent Challenge with Coxiella burnetii
An O-Specific Polysaccharide/Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine Induces Protection in Guinea Pigs against Virulent Challenge with Coxiella burnetii Open
Q fever is caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii and is spread to humans from infected animals especially goats, sheep and cattle, predominantly when giving birth. There is an effective human vaccine (Q-VAX) against Q fever, and althou…
View article: <scp> <i>Mycobacterium</i> </scp>
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International audience
View article: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exploits miRNA expression to modulate lipid metabolism and macrophage polarisation pathways during infection
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exploits miRNA expression to modulate lipid metabolism and macrophage polarisation pathways during infection Open
Pathogenic mycobacteria including Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne’s disease, manipulate host macrophages to persist and cause disease. In mycobacterial infection, highly plastic macrophages, …
View article: Global Phylogeny of Mycobacterium avium and Identification of Mutation Hotspots During Niche Adaptation
Global Phylogeny of Mycobacterium avium and Identification of Mutation Hotspots During Niche Adaptation Open
Mycobacterium avium is separated into four subspecies: M. avium subspecies avium (MAA), M. avium subspecies silvaticum (MAS), M. avium subspecies hominissuis (MAH), and M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Understanding the mechanis…
View article: The black summer bushfires: impacts and risk factors for livestock bushfire injury in south‐eastern Australia
The black summer bushfires: impacts and risk factors for livestock bushfire injury in south‐eastern Australia Open
Background The 2019/2020 Australian bushfires were the largest bushfire event in modern Australian history. While actions to mitigate risk to homes from bushfires are well reported, there is very little research reported on the impacts of …
View article: Novel Hendra Virus Variant Detected by Sentinel Surveillance of Horses in Australia
Novel Hendra Virus Variant Detected by Sentinel Surveillance of Horses in Australia Open
We identified and isolated a novel Hendra virus (HeV) variant not detected by routine testing from a horse in Queensland, Australia, that died from acute illness with signs consistent with HeV infection. Using whole-genome sequencing and p…
View article: The Australian 2019/2020 Black Summer Bushfires: Analysis of the Pathology, Treatment Strategies and Decision Making About Burnt Livestock
The Australian 2019/2020 Black Summer Bushfires: Analysis of the Pathology, Treatment Strategies and Decision Making About Burnt Livestock Open
In 2019/2020, Australia experienced a severe bushfire event, with many tens of thousands of livestock killed or euthanized. Little systematic research has occurred to understand livestock bushfire injuries, risk factors for injury, or how …
View article: Infection-induced miR-126 suppresses <i>tsc1</i>- and <i>cxcl12a</i>-dependent permissive macrophages during mycobacterial infection
Infection-induced miR-126 suppresses <i>tsc1</i>- and <i>cxcl12a</i>-dependent permissive macrophages during mycobacterial infection Open
Regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a contested node that controls the host immune response to mycobacterial infection. The host must overcome concerted subversive efforts of pathogenic mycobacteria to launch and maintain a p…
View article: Novel Hendra virus variant detected by sentinel surveillance of Australian horses
Novel Hendra virus variant detected by sentinel surveillance of Australian horses Open
A novel Hendra virus (HeV) variant, not detected by routine testing, was identified and isolated from a Queensland horse that suffered acute, fatal disease consistent with HeV infection. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis de…
View article: Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling axis
Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling axis Open
Pathogenic mycobacteria actively dysregulate protective host immune signalling pathways during infection to drive the formation of permissive granuloma microenvironments. Dynamic regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a conserve…
View article: Comparative Genomics of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Sheep Strains
Comparative Genomics of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Sheep Strains Open
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the aetiological agent of Johne's disease (JD), a chronic enteritis that causes major losses to the global livestock industry. Further, it has been associated with human Crohn's dise…
View article: Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling axis
Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling axis Open
Pathogenic mycobacteria actively dysregulate protective host immune signalling pathways during infection to drive the formation of permissive granuloma microenvironments. Dynamic regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a conserve…
View article: Australian Veterinarians’ Perceptions Regarding the Zoonotic Potential of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis
Australian Veterinarians’ Perceptions Regarding the Zoonotic Potential of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis Open
Public concerns over exposure to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) or MAP components via foods of animal origin could have negative trade consequences, despite the absence of conclusive scientific evidence of a causal a…
View article: Comparison of methods for miRNA isolation and quantification from ovine plasma
Comparison of methods for miRNA isolation and quantification from ovine plasma Open
View article: Determining an optimal pool size for testing beef herds for Johne’s disease in Australia
Determining an optimal pool size for testing beef herds for Johne’s disease in Australia Open
Bovine Johne's disease (JD) is a chronic debilitating disease affecting cattle breeds worldwide. Pooled faecal samples are routinely tested by culture to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mptb) infection. More recently, a…
View article: Alloactivation of Naïve CD4+CD8−CD25+T Regulatory Cells: Expression of CD8α Identifies Potent Suppressor Cells That Can Promote Transplant Tolerance Induction
Alloactivation of Naïve CD4+CD8−CD25+T Regulatory Cells: Expression of CD8α Identifies Potent Suppressor Cells That Can Promote Transplant Tolerance Induction Open
Therapy with alloantigen-specific CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg) for induction of transplant tolerance is desirable, as naïve thymic Treg (tTreg) are not alloantigen-specific and are weak suppressor cells. Naïve …
View article: Biomarkers for Detecting Resilience against Mycobacterial Disease in Animals
Biomarkers for Detecting Resilience against Mycobacterial Disease in Animals Open
Paratuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis are two mycobacterial diseases of ruminants which have a considerable impact on livestock health, welfare, and production. These are chronic “iceberg” diseases which take years to manifest and in wh…