Explanipedia

Antibody prophylaxis may mask subclinical SIV infections in macaques Open

Christopher A. Gonelli, Hannah A. D. King, Sung‐Youl Ko, Christine M. Fennessey, Nami Iwamoto , et al. · 2025

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) show potential to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in humans 1 . However, there are limited data on the antibody concentrations required to prevent infection. Clinical trials of…

SIV monoclonal antibody administration spanning treatment interruption in macaques delays viral rebound and selects escape variants Open

Hannah A. D. King, Daniel Brammer, Éric Lewitus, Christine M. Fennessey, Kimberly Manalang , et al. · 2025

HIV-1 envelope broadly neutralizing antibodies represent a promising component of HIV-1 cure strategies. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of combination monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in a rigorous nonhuman primate model, we tested diffe…

Mucosal adenovirus vaccine boosting elicits IgA and durably prevents XBB.1.16 infection in nonhuman primates Open

Matthew Gagné, Barbara J. Flynn, Shayne F. Andrew, Josue Marquez, Dillon R. Flebbe , et al. · 2024

A mucosal route of vaccination could prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication at the site of infection and limit transmission. We compared protection against heterologous XBB.1.16 challenge in nonhum…

Variant-proof high affinity ACE2 antagonist limits SARS-CoV-2 replication in upper and lower airways Open

Matthew Gagné, Barbara J. Flynn, Christopher Cole Honeycutt, Dillon R. Flebbe, Shayne F. Andrew , et al. · 2024

Imprinting of serum neutralizing antibodies by Wuhan-1 mRNA vaccines Open

Chieh-Yu Liang, Saravanan Raju, Zhuoming Liu, Yuhao Li, Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar , et al. · 2024

Frequency-potency analysis of IgG+ memory B cells delineates neutralizing antibody responses at single-cell resolution Open

Michelle K. Tenggara, Seo-Ho Oh, Catherine S. Yang, Hardik K. Nariya, Amanda Metz , et al. · 2024

A Single-shot ChAd3 Vaccine Provides Protection from Intramuscular and Aerosol Sudan Virus Exposure Open

Anna N. Honko, Ruth Hunegnaw, Juan I. Moliva, Aurélie Ploquin, Caitlyn N M Dulan , et al. · 2024

Infection with Sudan virus (SUDV) is characterized by an aggressive disease course with case fatality rates between 40-100% and no approved vaccines or therapeutics. SUDV causes sporadic outbreaks in sub-Saharan Africa, including a recent …

Systems immunology of transcriptional responses to viral infection identifies conserved antiviral pathways across macaques and humans Open

Kalani Ratnasiri, Hong Zheng, Jiaying Toh, Zhiyuan Yao, Verónica Durán , et al. · 2024

Viral pandemics and epidemics pose a significant global threat. While macaque models of viral disease are routinely used, it remains unclear how conserved antiviral responses are between macaques and humans. Therefore, we conducted a cross…

Interaction dynamics between innate and adaptive immune cells responding to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in non-human primates Open

Chaim A. Schramm, Damee Moon, Lowrey Peyton, Noemia S. Lima, Christian Wake , et al. · 2023

As SARS-CoV-2 variants continue evolving, testing updated vaccines in non-human primates remains important for guiding human clinical practice. To date, such studies have focused on antibody titers and antigen-specific B and T cell frequen…

Durable immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in both lower and upper airways achieved with a gorilla adenovirus (GRAd) S-2P vaccine in non-human primates Open

Juan I. Moliva, Shayne F. Andrew, Barbara J. Flynn, Danielle A. Wagner, Kathryn E. Foulds , et al. · 2023

Summary SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a global threat, and current vaccines, while effective against severe illness, fall short in preventing transmission. To address this challenge, there’s a need for vaccines that induce mucosal immunity …

Mucosal Adenoviral-vectored Vaccine Boosting Durably Prevents XBB.1.16 Infection in Nonhuman Primates Open

Matthew Gagné, Barbara J. Flynn, Shayne F. Andrew, Dillon R. Flebbe, Anna Mychalowych , et al. · 2023

Summary Waning immunity and continued virus evolution have limited the durability of protection from symptomatic infection mediated by intramuscularly (IM)-delivered mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 although protection from severe disease re…

Immune Activation Profiles Elicited by Distinct, Repeated TLR Agonist Infusions in Rhesus Macaques Open

Hannah A. D. King, Supriya Pokkali, Dohoon Kim, Daniel Brammer, Kaimei Song , et al. · 2023

TLR agonists are a promising class of immune system stimulants investigated for immunomodulatory applications in cancer immunotherapy and viral diseases. In this study, we sought to characterize the safety and immune activation achieved by…

Investigation of the impact of clonal hematopoiesis on severity and pathophysiology of COVID-19 in rhesus macaques Open

Tae–Hoon Shin, Yifan Zhou, Byung‐Chul Lee, So Gun Hong, Shayne F. Andrew , et al. · 2023

Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure with profound inflammation. Although risk factors for severe illness have been identified, definitive determinants remain elusive. Clo…

Systems immunology of transcriptional responses to viral infection identifies conserved antiviral pathways across macaques and humans Open

Kalani Ratnasiri, Hong Zheng, Jiaying Toh, Zhiyuan Yao, Verónica Durán , et al. · 2023

Viral pandemics and epidemics pose a significant global threat, with emerging and re-emerging viruses responsible for four pandemics in the 21st century alone. While macaques have been utilized as a model for understanding viral disease in…

RBD-based high affinity ACE2 antagonist limits SARS-CoV-2 replication in upper and lower airways Open

Matthew Gagné, Barbara J. Flynn, Christopher Cole Honeycutt, Dillon R. Flebbe, Shayne F. Andrew , et al. · 2023

SARS-CoV-2 has the capacity to evolve mutations to escape vaccine-and infection-acquired immunity and antiviral drugs. A variant-agnostic therapeutic agent that protects against severe disease without putting selective pressure on the viru…

Serial intravascular staining reveals altered T cell trafficking in aged and SIV+ rhesus macaques Open

E. Lake Potter, Daniel Brammer, Kathryn E. Foulds, Mario Roederer · 2023

Lymphocyte trafficking is required for lymphocyte development and maturation, immune surveillance and response, and for immunological memory. While trafficking is integral for a functional immune system, it may also play a role in immune d…

Investigation of the Impact of Clonal Hematopoiesis on Severity and Pathophysiology of COVID-19 in Rhesus Macaques Open

Tae–Hoon Shin, Yifan Zhou, Byung‐Chul Lee, So Gun Hong, Shayne F. Andrew , et al. · 2023

Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure with profound inflammation. Although risk factors for severe illness have been identified, definitive determinants remain elusive. Clo…

Early and Long-Term HIV-1 Immunogenicity Induced in Macaques by the Combined Administration of DNA, NYVAC and Env Protein-Based Vaccine Candidates: The AUP512 Study Open

Beatriz Perdiguero, Benedikt Asbach, Carmen Gómez, Josef Köstler, Susan W. Barnett , et al. · 2022

To control HIV infection there is a need for vaccines to induce broad, potent and long-term B and T cell immune responses. With the objective to accelerate and maintain the induction of substantial levels of HIV-1 Env-specific antibodies a…

mRNA-1273 vaccination protects against SARS-CoV-2–elicited lung inflammation in nonhuman primates Open

Adam T. Waickman, Kaitlin Victor, Krista L. Newell, Tao Li, Heather Friberg , et al. · 2022

Vaccine-elicited SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses are an established correlate of protection against viral infection in humans and nonhuman primates. However, it is less clear that vaccine-induced immunity is able to limit infection-elicited …

mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits similar B cell expansion, neutralizing responses, and protection from Omicron Open

Matthew Gagné, Juan I. Moliva, Kathryn E. Foulds, Shayne F. Andrew, Barbara J. Flynn , et al. · 2022

mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits comparable B cell expansion, neutralizing antibodies and protection against Omicron Open

Matthew Gagné, Juan I. Moliva, Kathryn E. Foulds, Shayne F. Andrew, Barbara J. Flynn , et al. · 2022

Summary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is highly transmissible and has substantial resistance to antibody neutralization following immunization with ancestral spike-matched vaccines. It is unclear whether boosting with Omicron-specific vaccines would …

Potent anti-viral activity of a trispecific HIV neutralizing antibody in SHIV-infected monkeys Open

Amarendra Pegu, Ling Xu, Megan Demouth, Giulia Fabozzi, Kylie March , et al. · 2022

Rapid and Durable Protection Against Marburg Virus with a Single-Shot ChAd3-MARV GP Vaccine Open

Ruth Hunegnaw, Anna N. Honko, Lingshu Wang, Derick Carr, Tamar Murray , et al. · 2021

Marburg virus (MARV) causes a severe hemorrhagic fever disease in primates with mortality rates in humans up to 90%. Since 2018, MARV has been identified as a priority pathogen by the WHO, needing urgent research and development of counter…

Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Delta one year after mRNA-1273 vaccination in rhesus macaques coincides with anamnestic antibody response in the lung Open

Matthew Gagné, Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Barbara J. Flynn, Kathryn E. Foulds, Danielle A. Wagner , et al. · 2021

Evaluation of the Relationship between Clonal Hematopoiesis and Severe COVID-19 Disease in Rhesus Macaques Open

Tae–Hoon Shin, Yifan Zhou, So Gun Hong, John-Paul Todd, Shayne F. Andrew , et al. · 2021

Clinical manifestations of infection with the novel SARS-CoV-2 in humans are widely varied, ranging from asymptomatic to COVID-19 respiratory failure and multiorgan damage. Profound inflammation is the hallmark of severe COVID-19 disease, …

Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Delta one year after mRNA-1273 vaccination in nonhuman primates is coincident with an anamnestic antibody response in the lower airway Open

Matthew Gagné, Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Barbara J. Flynn, Kathryn E. Foulds, Danielle A. Wagner , et al. · 2021

mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Delta wanes over time; however, there are limited data on the impact of durability of immune responses on protection. We immunized rhesus macaques at weeks 0 and 4 and assessed immune responses…

Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant in mRNA-1273 vaccine–boosted nonhuman primates Open

Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Matthew Gagné, Danielle A. Wagner, Sarah O’ Connell, Sandeep Narpala , et al. · 2021

A look at variant-specific boosters The evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) has raised the question of whether current COVID-19 vaccines protect against VOCs and if a variant…

Interprotomer disulfide-stabilized variants of the human metapneumovirus fusion glycoprotein induce high titer-neutralizing responses Open

Guillaume B. E. Stewart-Jones, Jason Gorman, Li Ou, Baoshan Zhang, Michael Joyce , et al. · 2021

Significance Type I fusion machines rearrange from prefusion to postfusion conformations to induce viral-cell entry, with structure-based stabilization of the metastable prefusion forms of these machines yielding promising vaccine candidat…

mRNA-1273 protects against SARS-CoV-2 beta infection in nonhuman primates Open

Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Anne P. Werner, Sarah O’ Connell, Matthew Gagné, Lilin Lai , et al. · 2021

Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Beta Variant in mRNA-1273 Boosted Nonhuman Primates Open

Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Matthew Gagné, Danielle A. Wagner, Sarah O’ Connell, Sandeep Narpala , et al. · 2021

Neutralizing antibody responses gradually wane after vaccination with mRNA-1273 against several variants of concern (VOC), and additional boost vaccinations may be required to sustain immunity and protection. Here, we evaluated the immune …

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