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View article: Inheritance of Breast Muscle Morphology in Turkeys at Sixteen Weeks of Age
Inheritance of Breast Muscle Morphology in Turkeys at Sixteen Weeks of Age Open
The inheritance of morphology of the pectoralis major muscle in turkeys at 16 wk of age was studied in a randombred control line (RBC2), a subline (F) of RBC2 selected long term for increased 16 wk BW only, and F1 and F2 crosses of the F a…
View article: Possible maternal inheritance of breast muscle morphology in turkeys at sixteen weeks of age
Possible maternal inheritance of breast muscle morphology in turkeys at sixteen weeks of age Open
During the study of inheritance of breast muscle morphology of turkeys during embryonic development and posthatch in two experiments, interesting results were obtained at 16 wk of age. In experiment 1, an experimental line (F) selected lon…
View article: Effect of selection for growth rate on myosin heavy chain temporal and spatial localization during turkey breast muscle development
Effect of selection for growth rate on myosin heavy chain temporal and spatial localization during turkey breast muscle development Open
The temporal and spatial localization of the heavy chain fast form of myosin was studied during turkey pectoralis major muscle development in a randombred control line (RBC2), a subline (F) of RBC2 selected only for increased 16-wk BW, a c…
View article: Effect of selection for growth rate and inheritance on posthatch muscle development in turkeys
Effect of selection for growth rate and inheritance on posthatch muscle development in turkeys Open
The inheritance of, and effect of selection for increased BW on, measurements of muscle fibers and extracellular space in turkeys were studied using a randombred control line (RBC2), a subline (F) of RBC2 selected long-term only for increa…
View article: Effect of selection for growth rate on muscle damage during turkey breast muscle development
Effect of selection for growth rate on muscle damage during turkey breast muscle development Open
Damage to the turkey pectoralis major muscle was studied in a randombred control line (RBC2), a subline (F) from the RBC2 line selected long-term for increased 16-wk BW only, and a commercial sire line (B) at 25 d of incubation and at 1, 4…
View article: Effect of selection for growth on onset of sexual maturity in randombred and growth-selected lines of Japanese quail
Effect of selection for growth on onset of sexual maturity in randombred and growth-selected lines of Japanese quail Open
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of selection for growth (BW) on the onset of reproduction (first egg) in Japanese quail hens from growth-selected (HW) and randombred (R1) lines. The HW line had undergone over 40 generat…
View article: Expression of turkey transcription factors and acyl-coenzyme oxidase in different tissues and genetic populations
Expression of turkey transcription factors and acyl-coenzyme oxidase in different tissues and genetic populations Open
Several transcription factors are involved in regulating lipid metabolism in various animal tissues. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma and PPARalpha regulate lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. Gene fragments for PP…
View article: Developmental expression of skeletal muscle heparan sulfate proteoglycans in turkeys with different growth rates
Developmental expression of skeletal muscle heparan sulfate proteoglycans in turkeys with different growth rates Open
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are a group of extracellular matrix molecules that link skeletal muscle cells to their extrinsic environment. To investigate if HSPG expression is affected by muscle growth and gender, a turkey line (F)…
View article: Effect of selection for growth rate on embryonic breast muscle development in turkeys
Effect of selection for growth rate on embryonic breast muscle development in turkeys Open
Muscle development at 20 and 25 d of incubation was studied in a randombred control line (RBC2), a subline (F) of RBC2 selected only for increased 16-wk BW, a commercial sire line (B), and reciprocal crosses of the F and B lines. Muscle sa…
View article: Flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations in large-bodied turkey lines and a randombred control population
Flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations in large-bodied turkey lines and a randombred control population Open
To investigate the effect of BW selection on immune cell populations of turkeys, T lymphocyte subpopulation analyses were conducted using peripheral blood from lines selected for increased BW and a randombred control population. The lines …
View article: Effect of supplemental oxygen on blood plasma organic acids within embryos from selected lines of turkeys
Effect of supplemental oxygen on blood plasma organic acids within embryos from selected lines of turkeys Open
The hypothesis was tested that increased oxygen tensions during the plateau stage of oxygen consumption (25 and 26 d of incubation) would cause different metabolic responses from embryos selected for increased egg production or growth. Emb…
View article: Supplemental oxygen affects plasma insulin-like growth factors in embryos from selected lines of turkeys
Supplemental oxygen affects plasma insulin-like growth factors in embryos from selected lines of turkeys Open
Recent advances in our understanding of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) have improved our knowledge of the physiological roles of these peptide hormones during avian embryogenesis. However, little is known about changes in plasma IGF in …
View article: Cross-reactive anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies suggest polymorphism of the turkey CD8alpha molecule
Cross-reactive anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies suggest polymorphism of the turkey CD8alpha molecule Open
To measure turkey CD4 and CD8 T cell levels, the cross-reactivity of mouse anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with turkey leucocytes was tested by flow cytometric analysis of blood obtained from individuals in five turkey…
View article: Developmental regulation of proteoglycan synthesis and decorin expression during turkey embryonic skeletal muscle formation
Developmental regulation of proteoglycan synthesis and decorin expression during turkey embryonic skeletal muscle formation Open
To delineate the role of proteoglycans in turkey skeletal muscle development, proteoglycan expression was examined in pectoral muscle from 14-, 20-, and 25-d-old embryos. Proteoglycans were separated by DEAE (diethylaminoethyl cellulose) a…
View article: Effect of selection for increased body weight on mitogenic responses in turkeys
Effect of selection for increased body weight on mitogenic responses in turkeys Open
Mitogenic responses were examined for purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and whole blood from individuals in a line (F) of turkeys selected for increased 16-wk BW and its corresponding randombred control (RBC2). The PBMC we…
View article: Variation in resistance to Pasteurella multocida among turkey lines
Variation in resistance to Pasteurella multocida among turkey lines Open
Previous research has shown that a line (F) of turkeys selected long-term for increased 16-wk body weight was more susceptible to challenge with washed Pasteurella multocida than a randombred control line (RBC2), the base population of F. …
View article: Genetic relationship among lines and smooth muscle and ovarian follicular development within lines of Japanese quail in two long-term selection studies
Genetic relationship among lines and smooth muscle and ovarian follicular development within lines of Japanese quail in two long-term selection studies Open
Smooth muscle tumor and ovarian follicular development were studied in lines of Japanese quail selected for increased 4-wk BW (HW, P, and T) and their randombred controls (C and R1). The lines studied were from long-term selection studies …
View article: Influence of body weight restriction in a body-weight-selected line of turkeys on response to challenge with Pasteurella multocida
Influence of body weight restriction in a body-weight-selected line of turkeys on response to challenge with Pasteurella multocida Open
Previous research has shown that a line (F) of turkeys selected long-term for increased 16-wk BW was more susceptible to challenge with washed Pasteurella multocida (PM) than a randombred control line (RBC2), the base population of the F l…
View article: Effect of feed withdrawal or challenge with Pasteurella multocida on growth, blood metabolites, circulating growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations in eight-week-old turkeys
Effect of feed withdrawal or challenge with Pasteurella multocida on growth, blood metabolites, circulating growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations in eight-week-old turkeys Open
The daily effects of feed withdrawal or a bacterial disease (Pasteurella multocida; PM) challenge was studied in a slow-growing line of turkeys. The following groups (n = 6 birds/group) were sampled for up to 13 d: untreated control (CON),…
View article: Effect of divergent selection for total plasma phosphorus on plasma and yolk very low density lipoproteins and plasma concentrations of selected hormones in laying Japanese quail
Effect of divergent selection for total plasma phosphorus on plasma and yolk very low density lipoproteins and plasma concentrations of selected hormones in laying Japanese quail Open
Japanese quail lines were divergently selected over 32 generations for laying hen plasma yolk precursor, as measured by total plasma phosphorus (TPP). The high (HP) and low (LP) lines were developed from a randombred control population (R1…
View article: Effects of genetics and maternal dietary iodide supplementation on glycogen content of organs within embryonic turkeys
Effects of genetics and maternal dietary iodide supplementation on glycogen content of organs within embryonic turkeys Open
In prior studies it was shown that the growth of turkey embryos was dependent upon maternal dietary iodide as well as genetic selection. The current study posed the question of which organ systems respond to these variables. Embryos from l…
View article: Effect of genetics and maternal dietary iodide supplementation on turkey embryonic growth
Effect of genetics and maternal dietary iodide supplementation on turkey embryonic growth Open
Embryonic growth of a turkey lines selected for 16-wk BW (F) or 180-d egg production (E) was measured and compared to randombred controls (RBC2 or RBC1). Egg weight at setting relative to poult weight at hatching indicated increased growth…
View article: Factors influencing early poult flip-overs in experimental populations of turkeys
Factors influencing early poult flip-overs in experimental populations of turkeys Open
A large number of poults from a line (E) selected long-term for increased egg production were observed, in recent generations, to flip over during the week immediately after hatching. This condition, termed early poult flip-overs (EPF), is…
View article: Analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex of Japanese quail
Analysis of genetic polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex of Japanese quail Open
The restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) of the Japanese quail MHC were assayed in seven lines using PvuII-digested DNA and a chicken Class II probe. The lines of Japanese quail surveyed included a randombred control population…
View article: Genetic diversity of commercial turkey primary breeding lines as estimated by DNA fingerprinting
Genetic diversity of commercial turkey primary breeding lines as estimated by DNA fingerprinting Open
The genetic diversity of primary breeding sire and dam lines from the three largest turkey breeders was estimated by band sharing of DNA fingerprints and by genetic distance estimated from band sharing. For comparison, experimental lines s…
View article: Ornithine decarboxylase activity in muscle, liver, and intestinal tissue of turkeys during a short-term feed withdrawal and following refeeding
Ornithine decarboxylase activity in muscle, liver, and intestinal tissue of turkeys during a short-term feed withdrawal and following refeeding Open
The activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), an enzyme associated with cellular growth and protein synthesis, was examined in breast muscle, liver, and intestinal tissues of turkeys during a short-term period of feed withdrawal (FW) and …
View article: Effects of an oxygen-enriched environment on the survival of turkey embryos between twenty-five and twenty-eight days of age
Effects of an oxygen-enriched environment on the survival of turkey embryos between twenty-five and twenty-eight days of age Open
The hypothesis was tested that increased partial pressure of oxygen during the plateau (25 to 26 d of incubation for turkeys) and paranatal (27 to 28 d of incubation) stages of incubation may increase survival rates of turkeys from selecte…
View article: Beak trimming of turkeys. 2. Effects of arc beak trimming on weight gain, feed intake, feed wastage, and feed conversion
Beak trimming of turkeys. 2. Effects of arc beak trimming on weight gain, feed intake, feed wastage, and feed conversion Open
An experiment was conducted to study the effects of arc beak trimming on feed consumption, weight gain, and feed wastage in males and females from two large-bodied strains and one medium-bodied strain of turkeys. Birds were placed in wire-…
View article: Divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in Coturnix coturnix japonica. 12. Heterosis in reciprocal crosses between divergently selected lines
Divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in Coturnix coturnix japonica. 12. Heterosis in reciprocal crosses between divergently selected lines Open
A selection experiment was started using Japanese quail to study the genetics of BW and plasma yolk precursor (measured by total plasma phosphorus; TPP). Lines were divergently selected for 4-wk BW (HW and LW) or plasma TPP (HP and LP). Su…
View article: Identification of decorin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in turkey skeletal muscle
Identification of decorin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in turkey skeletal muscle Open
Turkey pectoral muscles were examined at 15 through 25 d of embryonic age in order to delineate the developmental pattern of proteoglycan expression during skeletal muscle development. Glycosaminoglycan concentration, decorin, and muscle c…