Keith E. Schilling
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View article: An enhanced aquifer vulnerability index applied to a mixed agricultural-urban county in Iowa, USA
An enhanced aquifer vulnerability index applied to a mixed agricultural-urban county in Iowa, USA Open
Vulnerability assessments are frequently used to guide land use and resource planning efforts in groundwater-dependent regions. However, many readily available methodologies are not particularly useful to assess pollution risks to aquifers…
View article: Monitoring Phosphorus During High Flows: Critical for Implementing Surrogacy Models
Monitoring Phosphorus During High Flows: Critical for Implementing Surrogacy Models Open
Phosphorus (P) is a problematic waterborne pollutant, and considerable efforts have been taken to monitor its presence and transport in locales struggling with eutrophication. Most historical P datasets consist of intermittent grab samples…
View article: Correction: Evaluation of flood metrics across the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and their relation to flood damages
Correction: Evaluation of flood metrics across the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and their relation to flood damages Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307486.].
View article: Quantifying the Impact of Iowa's Flood‐Mitigation Reservoirs on Sediment and Nutrient Loss
Quantifying the Impact of Iowa's Flood‐Mitigation Reservoirs on Sediment and Nutrient Loss Open
Flood‐mitigation reservoirs have long been known to impact pollutant transport by retaining or removing incoming sediment and nutrients. However, historical reductions in these systems have rarely been well quantified. In this study, we us…
View article: Baseflow Index Trends in Iowa Rivers and the Relationships to Other Hydrologic Metrics
Baseflow Index Trends in Iowa Rivers and the Relationships to Other Hydrologic Metrics Open
The US state of Iowa has experienced profound historical changes in its streamflow and baseflow. While several studies have noted increasing baseflow and baseflow index (BFI) values throughout the 20th century, analyses quantifying BFI tre…
View article: Using <scp>LiDAR</scp>‐Based <scp>DEM</scp> Elevation Difference Calculations to Estimate Net Streambank Erosion in an Iowa River, <scp>USA</scp>
Using <span>LiDAR</span>‐Based <span>DEM</span> Elevation Difference Calculations to Estimate Net Streambank Erosion in an Iowa River, <span>USA</span> Open
Streambank erosion is an important source of sediment to river systems but is difficult to quantify at watershed scales. In this study, high‐resolution Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements collected from 2009 and 2020 were used…
View article: Surface-subsurface modeling of water dynamics in drained and farmed wetlands in the prairie pothole region
Surface-subsurface modeling of water dynamics in drained and farmed wetlands in the prairie pothole region Open
A hydrologic model was developed to investigate the surface ponding dynamics in a pothole complex in Iowa's prairie pothole region. This study includes a description of the ponding process, the identification of the main drivers of surface…
View article: Spectral Analysis of Hydrological Signals to Estimate Watershed Properties Considering Impacts of Unsaturated Zone
Spectral Analysis of Hydrological Signals to Estimate Watershed Properties Considering Impacts of Unsaturated Zone Open
Understanding responses of stream discharge to precipitation in a watershed is important in gaining insights into watershed hydrology and estimating hydraulic parameters. Transfer functions in the spectral domain are commonly used to quant…
View article: Quantifying the impact of a constructed wetland on downstream nitrate concentrations and loads in the U.S. Midwest
Quantifying the impact of a constructed wetland on downstream nitrate concentrations and loads in the U.S. Midwest Open
Constructed wetlands are standard conservation practices used to reduce nitrate loads in agricultural watersheds. Many studies have examined the efficiency of denitrification in wetlands under various scenarios, but quantifying the watersh…
View article: Evaluation of flood metrics across the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and their relation to flood damages
Evaluation of flood metrics across the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and their relation to flood damages Open
Societal risks from flooding are evident at a range of spatial scales and climate change will exacerbate these risks in the future. Assessing flood risks across broad geographical regions is a challenge, and often done using streamflow tim…
View article: Iowa’s Annual Phosphorus Budget: Quantifying the Inputs and Outputs of Phosphorus Transport Processes
Iowa’s Annual Phosphorus Budget: Quantifying the Inputs and Outputs of Phosphorus Transport Processes Open
Phosphorus (P) plays an integral part in Iowa’s economic and environmental activities through its role as an essential nutrient and waterborne pollutant. However, the amount of phosphorus transported through these activities has not been w…
View article: An integrated cyberinfrastructure system for water quality resources in the Upper Mississippi River Basin
An integrated cyberinfrastructure system for water quality resources in the Upper Mississippi River Basin Open
The Upper Mississippi Information System (UMIS) is a cyberinfrastructure framework designed to support large-scale real-time water-quality data integration, analysis, and visualization for the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB). UMIS is …
View article: Soil texture and vegetation root density assessment on regulating erosion across river floodplains
Soil texture and vegetation root density assessment on regulating erosion across river floodplains Open
Over the last few decades, floodplain management with best management practices has been utilized to treat areas susceptible to soil erosion and degradation. A major emphasis has been placed on the role of the above-ground vegetation to re…
View article: River floodplains as source or sink for fine sediment and total phosphorus export in an agricultural watershed
River floodplains as source or sink for fine sediment and total phosphorus export in an agricultural watershed Open
Floodplains constitute a vital and integrated component of the riverine network ensuring the connectivity and continuity of the river with the upland watershed areas. However, the sediment trapping efficiency of floodplains has not been we…
View article: Sedimentology of a delta formed by agricultural river discharge into a flood‐control reservoir, Iowa
Sedimentology of a delta formed by agricultural river discharge into a flood‐control reservoir, Iowa Open
River deltas are ecologically critical landscape components and are responsible as habitats for millions of people, wildlife, and plant communities. Deltas store vast quantities of eroded nutrient‐rich sediment and play a significant role …
View article: Hydrogeology and subsurface water flow beneath grass waterways: Implications for exploiting waterways for nitrate reductions
Hydrogeology and subsurface water flow beneath grass waterways: Implications for exploiting waterways for nitrate reductions Open
Although grass waterways are an effective conservation practice to reduce soil erosion, less is known about their subsurface hydrogeology. New research is highlighting the potential for NO3-N load reductions in waterways, but studies have …
View article: Expanding the applications of the standardized streamflow index through regionalization
Expanding the applications of the standardized streamflow index through regionalization Open
The Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) has frequently been used to quantify drought by comparing periods of streamflow against a river's historical values. This study expands upon previous SSI methodologies by creating a more flexible, re…
View article: Intensive short-term sampling with long-term consequences: characterizing pollutant transport with implications for developing monitoring
Intensive short-term sampling with long-term consequences: characterizing pollutant transport with implications for developing monitoring Open
Riverine sampling of pollutants is commonly used to understand pollutants’ transport pathways, relationships with hydrology, and overall presence in a waterbody. However, gaps between sample collection introduce errors to these efforts, an…
View article: Improving ecosystem health in highly altered river basins: a generalized framework and its application to the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin
Improving ecosystem health in highly altered river basins: a generalized framework and its application to the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin Open
Continued large-scale public investment in declining ecosystems depends on demonstrations of “success”. While the public conception of “success” often focuses on restoration to a pre-disturbance condition, the scientific community is more …
View article: Potential for managing pool levels in a flood‐control reservoir to increase nitrate‐nitrogen load reductions
Potential for managing pool levels in a flood‐control reservoir to increase nitrate‐nitrogen load reductions Open
Few strategies are available to reduce nitrate‐nitrogen (NO 3 ‐N) loads at larger landscape scales, but flood control reservoirs are known to reduce riverine loads. In this study, we evaluated the potential to increase nitrogen (N) loss at…
View article: Assessing the Effectiveness of Alternative Tile Intakes on Agricultural Hillslopes
Assessing the Effectiveness of Alternative Tile Intakes on Agricultural Hillslopes Open
Existing surface inlets behind terraces and water and sediment control basins (WASCoBs) were replaced with alternative tile intakes (ATIs) in agricultural fields of southeast Iowa. These ATIs consisted of a buried column of gravel atop woo…
View article: UMIS: An Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System for Water Quality Resources in the Upper Mississippi River Basin
UMIS: An Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System for Water Quality Resources in the Upper Mississippi River Basin Open
The Upper Mississippi Information System (UMIS) is a cyberinfrastructure framework designed to support large-scale real-time water quality data integration, analysis, and visualization for the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB). UMIS is …
View article: Sediment and phosphorus contributions from eroding banks in a large intensively managed watershed in western Iowa, United States
Sediment and phosphorus contributions from eroding banks in a large intensively managed watershed in western Iowa, United States Open
In this study, a new remote sensing tool was used in conjunction with sampling of river bank sediments to map channel migration patterns and estimate the net contribution of bank erosion to the sediment and phosphorus (P) budget of the Nis…
View article: Effects of cattle manure and soil parent material on shallow groundwater quality
Effects of cattle manure and soil parent material on shallow groundwater quality Open
Livestock are a critical agricultural commodity in the Midwestern United States and are directly linked to row crop production. Chemical and manure nutrient application for row crop production has resulted in significant losses of nitrogen…