Kapil Bharti
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View article: A non-canonical AKT1-TERT pathway coordinates autophagy and ERphagy
A non-canonical AKT1-TERT pathway coordinates autophagy and ERphagy Open
Protein kinases canonically suppress autophagy, yet how cells activate autophagy during stress remains unclear. Here we reveal that AKT1 kinase promotes autophagy through a non-canonical pathway. AKT2 loss triggers compensatory AKT1 activa…
View article: <i>TYROSINASE</i>-Deficient Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Exhibits Melanosome Maturation Defects
<i>TYROSINASE</i>-Deficient Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Exhibits Melanosome Maturation Defects Open
Differentiation of TYR-deficient iPSC toward RPE displayed pigmentation defects and absence of mature melanosomes, whereas melanosome biogenesis was not affected, because pre-melanosomes were still observed. These observations were also si…
View article: Artificial Intelligence for Predictive Healthcare: Real-Time Insight Generation from Diverse Patient Data
Artificial Intelligence for Predictive Healthcare: Real-Time Insight Generation from Diverse Patient Data Open
The research studies an AI-based system that distributes instantaneous predictive medical information between various healthcare platforms used for disease analysis and risk evaluation and anomaly detection. Supervision from intuitive mach…
View article: iPSC-RPE patch restores photoreceptors and regenerates choriocapillaris in a pig retinal degeneration model
iPSC-RPE patch restores photoreceptors and regenerates choriocapillaris in a pig retinal degeneration model Open
Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of untreatable vision loss. In advanced cases, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell loss occurs alongside photoreceptor and choriocapillaris degeneration. We hypothesized that …
View article: Scaling up pluripotent stem cell-based therapies - considerations, current challenges and emerging technologies: perspectives from the ISCT Emerging Regenerative Medicine Working Group
Scaling up pluripotent stem cell-based therapies - considerations, current challenges and emerging technologies: perspectives from the ISCT Emerging Regenerative Medicine Working Group Open
Approval of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the manufacture of cell therapies to support clinical trials is now becoming realized after more than 20 years of research and development. However, manufacturing these therapies at th…
View article: Method for Extracellular Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Epithelia
Method for Extracellular Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Epithelia Open
Epithelial tissues form barriers to the flow of ions, nutrients, waste products, bacteria, and viruses. The conventional electrophysiology measurement of transepithelial resistance (TER) can quantify epithelial barrier integrity, but does …
View article: Delivery of Human iPSC‐Derived RPE Cells in Healthy Minipig Retina Results in Interaction Between Photoreceptors and Transplanted Cells
Delivery of Human iPSC‐Derived RPE Cells in Healthy Minipig Retina Results in Interaction Between Photoreceptors and Transplanted Cells Open
In late stages of inherited and acquired retinal diseases such as Stargardt disease (STGD) or dry age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), loss of retinal pigment epithelia (RPE) cells and subsequently photoreceptors in the macular area res…
View article: The AMD-associated genetic polymorphism CFH Y402H confers vulnerability to Hydroquinone-induced stress in iPSC-RPE cells
The AMD-associated genetic polymorphism CFH Y402H confers vulnerability to Hydroquinone-induced stress in iPSC-RPE cells Open
Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease of the macula, is caused by an interplay of diverse risk factors (genetic predisposition, age and lifestyle habits). One of the main genetic risks includes the Y40…
View article: Method for Extracellular Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Epithelial Cell Monolayers
Method for Extracellular Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on Epithelial Cell Monolayers Open
Epithelial tissues form barriers to the flow of ions, nutrients, waste products, bacteria, and viruses. The conventional electrophysiology measurement of transepithelial resistance (TEER/TER) can quantify epithelial barrier integrity, but …
View article: iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium: an in vitro platform to reproduce key cellular phenotypes and pathophysiology of retinal degenerative diseases
iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium: an in vitro platform to reproduce key cellular phenotypes and pathophysiology of retinal degenerative diseases Open
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy is a significant cause of human blindness worldwide, occurring in polygenic diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and monogenic diseases such as Stargardt diseases (STGD1) and late…
View article: Development of immunocompetent full thickness skin tissue constructs to model skin fibrosis for high-throughput drug screening
Development of immunocompetent full thickness skin tissue constructs to model skin fibrosis for high-throughput drug screening Open
The lack of the immune component in most of the engineered skin models remains a challenge to study the interplay between different immune and non-immune cell types of the skin. Immunocompetent human in vitro skin models offer potential ad…
View article: The AMD-associated genetic polymorphism CFH Y402H confers vulnerability to Hydroquinone-induced stress in iPSC-RPE cells
The AMD-associated genetic polymorphism CFH Y402H confers vulnerability to Hydroquinone-induced stress in iPSC-RPE cells Open
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease of the macula, is caused by an interplay of diverse risk factors (genetic predisposition, age and lifestyle habits). One of the main genetic risks includes the Y402H polymorphi…
View article: An Uncommon Breast Odyssey: A Rare Case of Carcinoma Breast with Mesenteric Metastasis
An Uncommon Breast Odyssey: A Rare Case of Carcinoma Breast with Mesenteric Metastasis Open
We present an unusual case of invasive ductal breast carcinoma in a postmenopausal female with a clinically node-negative disease that was incidentally found to have mesenteric metastatic deposits on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emissi…
View article: A quantitative 3D Subcellular Map of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Discovers Non-stochastic Cell State Transition in Establishment of Apical/Basal Polarity
A quantitative 3D Subcellular Map of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Discovers Non-stochastic Cell State Transition in Establishment of Apical/Basal Polarity Open
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a specialized cell monolayer that forms the barrier between the subretinal and the choroidal spaces. During development RPE cells polarize perpendicular to the monolayer plane such that organelles at…
View article: The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in non-neovascular AMD
The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in non-neovascular AMD Open
Non-neovascular or dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease with degeneration of the aging retinal-pigmented epithelium (RPE). Lysosomes play a crucial role in RPE health via phagocytosis and autophagy, which…
View article: Considerations for the development of iPSC-derived cell therapies: a review of key challenges by the JSRM-ISCT iPSC Committee
Considerations for the development of iPSC-derived cell therapies: a review of key challenges by the JSRM-ISCT iPSC Committee Open
Since their first production in 2007, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have provided a novel platform for the development of various cell therapies targeting a spectrum of diseases, ranging from rare genetic eye disorders to ca…
View article: An Automated Visual Psychophysics Method to Measure Visual Function in Swine Preclinical Animal Model
An Automated Visual Psychophysics Method to Measure Visual Function in Swine Preclinical Animal Model Open
Contrast sensitivity is one of the key parameters to assess visual function in humans. The possibility of measuring the same parameters in a large animal model allows for a better translation and understanding of drug safety and efficacy i…
View article: Differentiation of monocytes and polarized M1/M2 macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Differentiation of monocytes and polarized M1/M2 macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells Open
Here, we present a protocol to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) into adherent hematopoietic progenitors that release floating CD14+ CD45+ monocytes into the culture medium. We describe steps for iPSC expansion, embryoid b…
View article: Deletion of IFT20 exclusively in the RPE ablates primary cilia and leads to retinal degeneration
Deletion of IFT20 exclusively in the RPE ablates primary cilia and leads to retinal degeneration Open
Vision impairment places a serious burden on the aging society, affecting the lives of millions of people. Many retinal diseases are of genetic origin, of which over 50% are due to mutations in cilia-associated genes. Most research on reti…
View article: Invited Session II: Retinal remodeling and regeneration: Developing autologous iPSC-RPE therapy for the treatment of AMD patients
Invited Session II: Retinal remodeling and regeneration: Developing autologous iPSC-RPE therapy for the treatment of AMD patients Open
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one the leading causes of vision loss in older people in the Western world. The disease is caused by degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer that supports photoreceptors. We …
View article: A biologically validated mathematical model for decoding epithelial apical, basolateral, and paracellular electrical properties
A biologically validated mathematical model for decoding epithelial apical, basolateral, and paracellular electrical properties Open
This interdisciplinary paper integrates mathematics, biology, and physiology to measure epithelial tissue’s apical, basolateral, and paracellular transport pathways. A key advancement is the inclusion of intracellular voltage recordings us…
View article: The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in atrophic AMD
The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in atrophic AMD Open
Introductory paragraph Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of geriatric blindness, is a multi-factorial disease with retinal-pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell dysfunction as a central pathogenic driver. With RPE degener…
View article: Progress in Stem Cells-Based Replacement Therapy for Retinal Pigment Epithelium: In Vitro Differentiation to In Vivo Delivery
Progress in Stem Cells-Based Replacement Therapy for Retinal Pigment Epithelium: In Vitro Differentiation to In Vivo Delivery Open
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a critical cell monolayer forming the blood-retina-barrier (BRB) and a permeable bridge between the choriocapillaris and the retina. RPE is also crucial in maintaining photoreceptor function and for comp…
View article: A versatile laser-induced porcine model of outer retinal and choroidal degeneration for preclinical testing
A versatile laser-induced porcine model of outer retinal and choroidal degeneration for preclinical testing Open
Over 30 million people worldwide suffer from untreatable vision loss and blindness associated with childhood-onset and age-related eye diseases caused by photoreceptor (PR), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and choriocapillaris (CC) degen…