Explanipedia

Release of Extracellular Matrix Components after Human Traumatic Brain Injury Open

Michael Bambrick, Donald A. Godfrey, Mark D. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Esko, Biswa Choudhury , et al. · 2025

Animal studies and human tissue experiments have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes damage to the extracellular matrix (ECM). To test the hypothesis that TBI causes disruption of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) in the …

Ongoing loss of viable neurons for weeks after mild hypoxia-ischaemia Open

Melanie A. McNally, Lauren A. Lau, Simon Granak, David Hike, Xiaochen Liu , et al. · 2025

Mild hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is common in neonates, and there are no evidence-based therapies. By school age, 30–40% of those patients experience adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The nature and progression of mild injury is po…

Ongoing loss of viable neurons for weeks after mild perinatal hypoxia-ischemia Open

Melanie A. McNally, Lauren A. Lau, Simon Granak, David Hike, Xiaochen Liu , et al. · 2024

Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is common in neonates with no evidence-based therapies, and 30-40% of patients experience adverse outcomes. The nature and progression of mild injury is poorly understood. Thus, we studied the evolution…

Displacement of extracellular chloride by immobile anionic constituents of the brain's extracellular matrix Open

Kieran P. Normoyle, Kyle P. Lillis, Kiyoshi Egawa, Melanie A. McNally, Mousumi Paulchakrabarti , et al. · 2024

GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. Membrane currents evoked by GABA A receptor activation have uniquely small driving forces: their reversal potential ( E GABA ) is very close to the resting membrane potential. As a consequen…

<span>WONOEP</span> appraisal: Targeted therapy development for early onset epilepsies Open

Pablo M. Casillas‐Espinosa, Jennifer C. Wong, Wanda Grabon, Ana Gonzalez‐Ramos, Massimo Mantegazza , et al. · 2024

The early onset epilepsies encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders, some of which result in drug‐resistant seizures, developmental delay, psychiatric comorbidities, and sudden death. Advancement in the widespread use of targeted gene …

Parent perspectives on sports betting and its effects on children Open

Alex Donaldson, Buly A. Cardak, Emma Seal, Erica Randle, Kevin J. Staley , et al. · 2024

Background Gambling-related harm is a global challenge. Sports betting is a rapidly growing form of gambling, facilitated by access to online wagering platforms and increased advertising. Most public health initiatives target ‘problem’ gam…

Timing of interventions to control neuronal chloride elevation in a model of neonatal seizures after hippocampal injury Open

Volodymyr Dzhala, Michelle Mail, Kevin J. Staley · 2024

Objective Following hypoxic–ischemic (HI) brain injury, neuronal cytoplasmic chloride concentration ([Cl − ] i ) increases, potentially contributing to depolarizing γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) responses, onset of seizures, and the failure o…

Intraventricular haemorrhage in premature infants: the role of immature neuronal salt and water transport Open

Fatemeh Bahari, Volodymyr Dzhala, Trevor Balena, Kyle P. Lillis, Kevin J. Staley · 2024

Intraventricular haemorrhage is a common complication of premature birth. Survivors are often left with cerebral palsy, intellectual disability and/or hydrocephalus. Animal models suggest that brain tissue shrinkage, with subsequent vascul…

Brief apnea with hypoventilation reduces seizure duration and shifts seizure location for several hours in a model of severe traumatic brain injury Open

Frances Rodriguez Lara, Praneel Sunkavalli, Michael Mikaelian, Bryan Golemb, David Y. Chung , et al. · 2024

Objective Seizures can be difficult to control in infants and toddlers. Seizures with periods of apnea and hypoventilation are common following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously observed that brief apnea with hypoventilati…

Cellular resolution contributions to ictal population signals Open

Lauren A. Lau, Zhuoyang Zhao, Stephen N. Gomperts, Kevin J. Staley, Kyle P. Lillis · 2024

Objective The increased amplitude of ictal activity is a common feature of epileptic seizures, but the determinants of this amplitude have not been identified. Clinically, ictal amplitudes are measured electrographically (using, e.g., elec…

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Concentration-Independent Fluorescent Chloride Indicator, ABP-Dextran, Optimized for Extracellular Chloride Measurement Open

Kieran P. Normoyle, Kyle P. Lillis, Kevin J. Staley · 2024

GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, stimulates GABAA receptors (GABAARs) to increase the chloride conductance of the cytosolic membrane. The driving forces for membrane chloride currents are determined by the local differences b…

The multi-dimensional impacts of injury for women with insufficient activity levels Open

Kevin J. Staley, Andrea M Bruder, A. Donaldson, A. Mosler, Emma Seal , et al. · 2023

Issue Information – TOC Open

Mouhsin M. Shafi, Kevin N. Sheth, New Haven, Kevin J. Staley, Vincent Thijs , et al. · 2023

Wiley is a founding member of the UN-backed HINARI, AGORA, and OARE initiatives.They are now collectively known as Research4Life, making online scientific content available free or at nominal cost to researchers in developing countries.

Brief Apnea and Hypoventilation Reduces Seizure Duration and Shifts Seizure Location for Several Hours in a Model of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Open

Frances Rodriguez Lara, Praneel Sunkavalli, Michael Mikaelian, Bryan Golemb, Kevin J. Staley , et al. · 2023

Objective Seizures are difficult to control in infants and toddlers. Seizures with periods of apnea and hypoventilation are common following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In our multifactorial, severe TBI model (cortical impact, mas…

Issue Information – TOC Open

Mouhsin M. Shafi, Kevin N. Sheth, New Haven, Kevin J. Staley, Vincent Thijs , et al. · 2023

Wiley is a founding member of the UN-backed HINARI, AGORA, and OARE initiatives.They are now collectively known as Research4Life, making online scientific content available free or at nominal cost to researchers in

Effects of AFQ056 on language learning in fragile X syndrome Open

Elizabeth Berry‐Kravis, Leonard Abbeduto, Randi J. Hagerman, Christopher S. Coffey, Merit Cudkowicz , et al. · 2023

BACKGROUNDFXLEARN, the first-ever large multisite trial of effects of disease-targeted pharmacotherapy on learning, was designed to explore a paradigm for measuring effects of mechanism-targeted treatment in fragile X syndrome (FXS). In FX…

2-Photon imaging of fluorescent proteins in living swine Open

Beth A. Costine, Luis Martinez-Ramirez, Kieran Normoyle, Tawny Stinson, Kevin J. Staley , et al. · 2023

A common point of failure in translation of preclinical neurological research to successful clinical trials comes in the giant leap from rodent models to humans. Non-human primates are phylogenetically close to humans, but cost and ethical…

Can in vitro studies aid in the development and use of antiseizure therapies? A report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force Open

Gareth Morris, Massimo Avoli, Christophe Bernard, Kate Connor, Marco de Curtis , et al. · 2023

In vitro preparations (defined here as cultured cells, brain slices, and isolated whole brains) offer a variety of approaches to modeling various aspects of seizures and epilepsy. Such models are particularly amenable to the application of…

A Dynamic Balance between Neuronal Death and Clearance in an <i>in Vitro</i> Model of Acute Brain Injury Open

Trevor Balena, Kyle P. Lillis, Negah Rahmati, Fatemeh Bahari, Volodymyr Dzhala , et al. · 2023

In in vitro models of acute brain injury, neuronal death may overwhelm the capacity for microglial phagocytosis, creating a queue of dying neurons awaiting clearance. Neurons undergoing programmed cell death are in this queue, and are the …

Release of extracellular matrix components after human traumatic brain injury Open

Michael Bambrick, Mark D. Johnson, Jeffrey D. Esko, Biswa Choudhury, Alejandro Gómez Toledo , et al. · 2023

Most research on the evolution of damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) focuses on cellular effects, but the analysis of human tissue slices and animal research have shown that TBI causes concomitant damage in the extracellular matrix,…

2-Photon imaging of fluorescent proteins in living swine Open

Beth A. Costine, Luis Martinez-Ramirez, Kieran Normoyle, Tawny Stinson, Kevin J. Staley , et al. · 2023

A common point of failure in translation of preclinical neurological research to successful clinical trials comes in the giant leap from rodent models to humans. Non-human primates are phylogenetically close to humans, but cost and ethical…

A dynamic balance between neuronal death and clearance after acute brain injury Open

Trevor Balena, Kyle P. Lillis, Negah Rahmati, Fatemeh Bahari, Volodymyr Dzhala , et al. · 2023

After acute brain injury, neuronal apoptosis may overwhelm the capacity for microglial phagocytosis, creating a queue of dying neurons awaiting clearance. The size of this queue should be equally sensitive to changes in neuronal death and …

Effect of neonatal seizure burden and etiology on the long‐term outcome: data from a randomized, controlled trial Open

Sara Trowbridge, Lois Oberlander Condie, Jessica Landers, Ann M. Bergin, P. Ellen Grant , et al. · 2023

Background Neonatal seizures are common, but the impact of neonatal seizures on long‐term neurologic outcomes remains unclear. We addressed this question by analyzing data from an early‐phase controlled trial of bumetanide to treat neonata…

Displacement of extracellular chloride by immobile anionic constituents of the brain’s extracellular matrix Open

Kieran P. Normoyle, Kyle P. Lillis, Kiyoshi Egawa, Melanie A. McNally, Mousumi Paulchakrabarti , et al. · 2022

GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. Membrane currents evoked by GABA A receptor activation have uniquely small driving forces: their reversal potential (E GABA ) is very close to the resting membrane potential. As a consequenc…

Issue Information Open

John A. Kessler, Andrew Cole, Leon G. Epstein, Jennifer Graves, Ahmet Höke , et al. · 2022

Annals of Clinical and TranslationalNeurology is a peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of high-quality research related to all areas of neurology.The journal publishes original research and scholarly reviews focused on the mechan…

Cellular contributions to ictal population signals Open

Lauren A. Lau, Zhuoyang Zhao, Stephen N. Gomperts, Kevin J. Staley, Kyle P. Lillis · 2022

Objective The amplitude of ictal activity is a defining feature of epileptic seizures, but the determinants of this amplitude have not been identified. Clinically, ictal amplitudes are measured electrographically (using e.g. EEG, ECoG, and…

Issue Information Open

John A. Kessler, Andrew J. Cole, Leon G. Epstein, Jennifer Graves, Ahmet Höke , et al. · 2022

Annals of Clinical and TranslationalNeurology is a peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of high-quality research related to all areas of neurology.The journal publishes original research and scholarly reviews focused on the mechan…

Robust, Long-Term Video EEG Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy Open

Luis Martinez-Ramirez, Andrea Slate, George Price, Ann‐Christine Duhaime, Kevin J. Staley , et al. · 2022

To date, post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) research in large-animal models has been limited. Recent advances in neocortical microscopy have made possible new insights into neocortical PTE. However, it is very difficult to engender convincing n…

Clinical Reasoning: An 8-Year-Old With Acute Onset Ataxia Open

John R. McLaren, Matthew Mitchell, Fatima Mohamed Al-Maadid, Kevin J. Staley · 2022

Acute ataxia is a common neurologic presentation in the pediatric population that carries a broad differential diagnosis. The tempo of the presentation, distribution of the ataxia (focal or diffuse), examination findings, and paraclinical …

Clarifications regarding bumetanide for neonatal seizures Open

Kevin J. Staley · 2022

A recent Phase II randomized, controlled trial of bumetanide as an adjunctive treatment for neonatal seizures showed a robust efficacy signal and no evidence of toxicity. Concerns regarding bumetanide as an adjunctive anticonvulsant are ad…

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