Kevin Josey
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View article: Exposure–Response to High PM <sub>2.5</sub> Levels for Cardiovascular Events in High‐Risk Older Adults in Taiwan
Exposure–Response to High PM <sub>2.5</sub> Levels for Cardiovascular Events in High‐Risk Older Adults in Taiwan Open
Background Limited studies using individual‐level health outcome data exist from countries with a wider range of particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) levels to illustrate the shape of the exposure–response curve across a…
View article: Transporting Predictions via Double Machine Learning: Predicting Partially Unobserved Students' Outcomes
Transporting Predictions via Double Machine Learning: Predicting Partially Unobserved Students' Outcomes Open
Educational policymakers often lack data on student outcomes in regions where standardized tests were not administered. Machine learning techniques can be used to predict unobserved outcomes in target populations by training models on data…
View article: Two Places, One Problem: How Segregation at Home and Work Shapes Pollution Exposure
Two Places, One Problem: How Segregation at Home and Work Shapes Pollution Exposure Open
Structural racism is a fundamental driver of health disparities, partly because it leads to residential segregation and associated disparities in adverse exposures. However, only considering residences omits the influence of workplaces, wh…
View article: Equity in the Distribution of Regulatory PM<sub>2.5</sub> Monitors
Equity in the Distribution of Regulatory PM<sub>2.5</sub> Monitors Open
Unequal exposure to air pollution by race and socioeconomic status is well-documented in the U.S. However, relatively little research has examined inequities in the collection of PM2.5 data, creating a critical gap in understand…
View article: Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects Under Two-Phase Sampling with Error-Prone Outcome and Treatment Measurements
Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects Under Two-Phase Sampling with Error-Prone Outcome and Treatment Measurements Open
Measurement error is a common challenge for causal inference studies using electronic health record (EHR) data, where clinical outcomes and treatments are frequently mismeasured. Researchers often address measurement error by conducting ma…
View article: Real-world cardiovascular effects of liraglutide: transportability analysis of the LEADER trial
Real-world cardiovascular effects of liraglutide: transportability analysis of the LEADER trial Open
Objective To evaluate generalizability of the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) randomized clinical trial (RCT) – a cardiovascular outcomes study of the glucagon-like peptide-1…
View article: 1310 Receipt of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Among Rural Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Excess Weight
1310 Receipt of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Among Rural Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Excess Weight Open
Introduction Patients living in rural areas have a greater burden of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other weight-related comorbidities. Simultaneously, highly effective services for weight management (e.g., bariatric surgery) are resour…
View article: Receipt of Weight Management Services Among Patients With OSA and Obesity
Receipt of Weight Management Services Among Patients With OSA and Obesity Open
View article: Equity in the Distribution of Regulatory PM2.5 Monitors
Equity in the Distribution of Regulatory PM2.5 Monitors Open
Unequal exposure to air pollution by race and socioeconomic status is well-documented in the U.S. However, there has been relatively little research on inequities in the collection of PM2.5 data, creating a critical gap in understanding wh…
View article: Flexible and Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects with Error-Prone Exposures: A Control Variates Approach for Measurement Error
Flexible and Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects with Error-Prone Exposures: A Control Variates Approach for Measurement Error Open
Exposure measurement error is a ubiquitous but often overlooked challenge in causal inference with observational data. Existing methods accounting for exposure measurement error largely rely on restrictive parametric assumptions, while eme…
View article: Long-term exposure to air pollution, greenness and temperature and survival after a nonfatal myocardial infarction
Long-term exposure to air pollution, greenness and temperature and survival after a nonfatal myocardial infarction Open
View article: Exposure-Response to High PM<sub>2.5</sub>Levels for Cardiovascular Events in High-risk Older Adults in Taiwan
Exposure-Response to High PM<sub>2.5</sub>Levels for Cardiovascular Events in High-risk Older Adults in Taiwan Open
Background Multiple studies from countries with relatively lower PM 2.5 level demonstrated that acute and chronic exposure even at lower than recommended level, e.g., 9 μg/m 3 in the US increased the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. How…
View article: Ambient heat exposure patterns and emergency department visits and hospitalizations among medicare beneficiaries 2008–2019
Ambient heat exposure patterns and emergency department visits and hospitalizations among medicare beneficiaries 2008–2019 Open
Among Medicare beneficiaries from 2008 to 2019, exposure to daily mean temperature ≥ 95th percentile was associated with increased risk of heat-related ED visits, with stronger associations seen among beneficiaries <65, males, and patients…
View article: Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Diabetes using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case Crossover Study
Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Diabetes using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case Crossover Study Open
Objective: To measure the association between ambient heat and hypoglycemia-related ED visit or hospitalization in insulin users.Research Design and Methods: We identified cases of serious hypoglycemia among adults using insulin aged ≥65 i…
View article: Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Diabetes Using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case-Crossover Study
Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Diabetes Using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case-Crossover Study Open
OBJECTIVE To measure the association between ambient heat and hypoglycemia-related emergency department visit or hospitalization in insulin users. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We identified cases of serious hypoglycemia among adults using i…
View article: Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Diabetes using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case Crossover Study
Ambient Heat and Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia in Older Adults with Diabetes using Insulin in the U.S. and Taiwan: A Cross-National Case Crossover Study Open
Objective: To measure the association between ambient heat and hypoglycemia-related ED visit or hospitalization in insulin users.Research Design and Methods: We identified cases of serious hypoglycemia among adults using insulin aged ≥65 i…
View article: Absolute risk of PM2.5-attributable mortality differs by racial identity, income, and age
Absolute risk of PM2.5-attributable mortality differs by racial identity, income, and age Open
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Long-term PM2.5 exposure likely causes premature mortality. In prior work, we reported that populations marginalized by both structural racism and poverty may be more susceptible to PM2.5 pollution than socially advanta…
View article: Retrospective cohort study investigating synergism of air pollution and corticosteroid exposure in promoting cardiovascular and thromboembolic events in older adults
Retrospective cohort study investigating synergism of air pollution and corticosteroid exposure in promoting cardiovascular and thromboembolic events in older adults Open
Objective To evaluate the synergistic effects created by fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and corticosteroid use on hospitalisation and mortality in older adults at high risk for cardiovascular thromboembolic events (CTEs). Design and set…
View article: Air Pollution and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults With High-Risk Conditions
Air Pollution and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults With High-Risk Conditions Open
Little epidemiologic research has focused on pollution-related risks in medically vulnerable or marginalized groups. Using a nationwide 50% random sample of 2008–2016 Medicare Part D–eligible fee-for-service participants in the United Stat…
View article: Air Pollution and Mortality at the Intersection of Race and Social Class
Air Pollution and Mortality at the Intersection of Race and Social Class Open
Higher-income Black persons, low-income White persons, and low-income Black persons may benefit more from lower PM2.5 levels than higher-income White persons. These findings underscore the importance of considering racial identi…
View article: Causal Estimation of Exposure Shifts with Neural Networks
Causal Estimation of Exposure Shifts with Neural Networks Open
A fundamental task in causal inference is estimating the effect of distribution shift in the treatment variable. We refer to this problem as shift-response function (SRF) estimation. Existing neural network methods for causal inference lac…
View article: An empirical process framework for covariate balance in causal inference
An empirical process framework for covariate balance in causal inference Open
We propose a new perspective for the evaluation of matching procedures by considering the complexity of the function class they belong to. Under this perspective we provide theoretical guarantees on post-matching covariate balance through …
View article: Long-Term Exposure to High PM2·5 Concentrations and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events: A Cohort Study in Taiwan
Long-Term Exposure to High PM2·5 Concentrations and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events: A Cohort Study in Taiwan Open
View article: Correction to: Estimating a Causal Exposure Response Function with a Continuous Error-Prone Exposure: A Study of Fine Particulate Matter and All-Cause Mortality
Correction to: Estimating a Causal Exposure Response Function with a Continuous Error-Prone Exposure: A Study of Fine Particulate Matter and All-Cause Mortality Open
View article: A retrospective cohort study investigating synergism of air pollution and corticosteroid exposure in promoting cardiovascular and thromboembolic events in older adults
A retrospective cohort study investigating synergism of air pollution and corticosteroid exposure in promoting cardiovascular and thromboembolic events in older adults Open
Objective To evaluate the synergistic effects created by fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and corticosteroid use on hospitalization and mortality in older adults at high-risk for cardiovascular thromboembolic events (CTEs). Design and Set…
View article: Transportability Methods for Time-to-Event Outcomes: Application in Adjuvant Colon Cancer Trials
Transportability Methods for Time-to-Event Outcomes: Application in Adjuvant Colon Cancer Trials Open
PURPOSE Differences in the benefits of treatment on 5-year overall survival have been observed in 12 randomized phase III colon cancer adjuvant clinical trials from the ACCENT group. We investigated the reasons for these differences by inc…
View article: Estimating a Causal Exposure Response Function with a Continuous Error-Prone Exposure: A Study of Fine Particulate Matter and All-Cause Mortality
Estimating a Causal Exposure Response Function with a Continuous Error-Prone Exposure: A Study of Fine Particulate Matter and All-Cause Mortality Open
View article: A calibration approach to transportability and data‐fusion with observational data
A calibration approach to transportability and data‐fusion with observational data Open
Two important considerations in clinical research studies are proper evaluations of internal and external validity. While randomized clinical trials can overcome several threats to internal validity, they may be prone to poor external vali…
View article: Heterogeneous treatment effects of intensive glycemic control on major adverse cardiovascular events in the ACCORD and VADT trials: a machine-learning analysis
Heterogeneous treatment effects of intensive glycemic control on major adverse cardiovascular events in the ACCORD and VADT trials: a machine-learning analysis Open
View article: Trends in Timing of and Glycemia at Initiation of Second-line Type 2 Diabetes Treatment in U.S. Adults
Trends in Timing of and Glycemia at Initiation of Second-line Type 2 Diabetes Treatment in U.S. Adults Open
Objective: Therapeutic inertia threatens the potential long-term benefits of achieving early glycemic control after type 2 diabetes diagnosis. We evaluated temporal trends in second-line diabetes medication initiation among individu…