Kevin Speer
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View article: The Ceiling Height of Wildland Fire Plumes in Sheared Boundary Layer Flow
The Ceiling Height of Wildland Fire Plumes in Sheared Boundary Layer Flow Open
Radar observations from a prescribed fire experiment reveal a large-scale, billow-like vorticity pair associated with the plume head at the onset of plume bending. The bending confines the ceiling height of the plume, delaying its smoke di…
View article: Subsurface floats in the Filchner Trough provide the first direct under-ice tracks of the circulation on shelf
Subsurface floats in the Filchner Trough provide the first direct under-ice tracks of the circulation on shelf Open
Bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea and mass loss from the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf are tightly linked by the supply of Warm Deep Water to the continental shelf. Heavy sea ice cover and icebergs restrict ship access and upper-ocean m…
View article: Acoustically-tracked subsurface floats and network of mooring in the Filchner Trough provide observations of pathways and interannual variability of the warm inflow onto the continental shelf in the southern Weddell Sea
Acoustically-tracked subsurface floats and network of mooring in the Filchner Trough provide observations of pathways and interannual variability of the warm inflow onto the continental shelf in the southern Weddell Sea Open
Bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea and mass loss from the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf are tightly linked by the supply of Warm Deep Water to the continental shelf. Heavy sea ice cover and icebergs restrict ship access and upper ocean m…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-2952
Comment on egusphere-2023-2952 Open
Abstract. Bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea and mass loss from the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf are tightly linked by the supply of Warm Deep Water to the continental shelf. Heavy sea ice cover and icebergs restrict ship access and upp…
View article: Subsurface floats in the Filchner Trough provide first direct under-ice tracks of eddies and circulation on shelf
Subsurface floats in the Filchner Trough provide first direct under-ice tracks of eddies and circulation on shelf Open
Bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea and mass loss from the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf are tightly linked by the supply of Warm Deep Water to the continental shelf. Heavy sea ice cover and icebergs restrict ship access and upper ocean m…
View article: Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica
Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica Open
The observed acceleration of ice shelf basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica could destabilize continental ice sheets and markedly increase global sea level. Explanations for decadal-scale melt intensification have focused on process…
View article: Dispersion of subsurface lagrangian drifters in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico
Dispersion of subsurface lagrangian drifters in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico Open
The dispersion of subsurface Lagrangian floats by eddies was observed directly in DeSoto Canyon, located in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Key elements of dispersion include the capture and release of floats by variations in eddy structu…
View article: The effectiveness of traditional vs. velocity-based strength training on explosive and maximal strength performance: A network meta-analysis
The effectiveness of traditional vs. velocity-based strength training on explosive and maximal strength performance: A network meta-analysis Open
This network meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of different velocity-based (VBT) and traditional 1RM-based resistance training (TRT) interventions on strength and power indices in healthy participants. The research was co…
View article: WAIS model for "Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica"
WAIS model for "Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica" Open
This data set contains the code and input files for WAIS-1080 model, which is based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm), including dynamic/thermodynamic sea-ice model and sub-ice-shelf cavity mod…
View article: WAIS model for "Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica"
WAIS model for "Antarctic Peninsula warming triggers enhanced basal melt rates throughout West Antarctica" Open
This data set contains the code and input files for WAIS-1080 model, which is based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm), including dynamic/thermodynamic sea-ice model and sub-ice-shelf cavity mod…
View article: Variability in the meridional overturning circulation at 32°S in the Pacific Ocean diagnosed by inverse box models
Variability in the meridional overturning circulation at 32°S in the Pacific Ocean diagnosed by inverse box models Open
The meridional circulation and transport at 32°S in the Pacific Ocean in 1992 and 2017 are compared with analogous data from 2003 and 2009 computed by Hernández-Guerra and Talley (2016). The hydrographic data come from the GO-SHIP database…
View article: Turbulent Wildland Fire Spread by Ember Wash
Turbulent Wildland Fire Spread by Ember Wash Open
We implement an ember spotting and ember wash model within an idealized 2D coupled fire-atmosphere model. To do this, we add a stochastic transport to the background or total coupled wind field. An exponentially distributed or a normally d…
View article: Fine-Scale Fire Spread in Pine Straw
Fine-Scale Fire Spread in Pine Straw Open
Most wildland and prescribed fire spread occurs through ground fuels, and the rate of spread (RoS) in such environments is often summarized with empirical models that assume uniform environmental conditions and produce a unique RoS. On the…
View article: Thermohaline Suppression of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water Eddies in the Ross Gyre
Thermohaline Suppression of Upper Circumpolar Deep Water Eddies in the Ross Gyre Open
Temperature and salinity measurements of a warm‐core eddy at the northern flank of the Ross Gyre are analyzed for dominant mixing mechanisms. The eddy is centered at the depths of the Circumpolar Deep Water and carries heat towards the gyr…
View article: The Antarctic Coastal Current in the Bellingshausen Sea
The Antarctic Coastal Current in the Bellingshausen Sea Open
The ice shelves of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet experience basal melting induced by underlying warm, salty Circumpolar Deep Water. Basal meltwater, along with runoff from ice sheets, supplies fresh buoyant water to a circulation feature ne…
View article: A Simple Model for Wildland Fire Vortex–Sink Interactions
A Simple Model for Wildland Fire Vortex–Sink Interactions Open
A model is developed to explore fire–atmosphere interactions due to the convective sink and vorticity sources in a highly simplified and idealized form, in order to examine their effect on spread and the stability of various fire front geo…
View article: Wind in a Natural and Artificial Wildland Fire Fuel Bed
Wind in a Natural and Artificial Wildland Fire Fuel Bed Open
Fuel beds represent the layer of fuel that typically supports continuous combustion and wildland fire spread. We examine how wind propagates through and above loose and packed pine needle beds and artificial 3D-printed fuel beds in a wind …
View article: Ice‐Shelf Meltwater Overturning in the Bellingshausen Sea
Ice‐Shelf Meltwater Overturning in the Bellingshausen Sea Open
Hydrographic data are analyzed for the broad continental shelf of the Bellingshausen Sea, which is host to a number of rapidly thinning ice shelves. The flow of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) onto the continental shelf is observed in th…
View article: Comment on tc-2021-43
Comment on tc-2021-43 Open
Abstract. The ice shelves of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet experience basal melting induced by underlying warm, salty Circumpolar Deep Water. Basal meltwater, along with runoff from ice sheets, supplies fresh buoyant water to a circulation …
View article: The Antarctic Coastal Current in the Bellingshausen Sea
The Antarctic Coastal Current in the Bellingshausen Sea Open
The ice shelves of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet experience basal melting induced by underlying warm, salty Circumpolar Deep Water. Basal meltwater, along with run-off from ice sheets, supplies fresh buoyant water to a circulation feature n…
View article: Relative Dispersion in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Relative Dispersion in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current Open
Stirring in the subsurface Southern Ocean is examined using RAFOS float trajectories, collected during the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES), along with particle trajectories from a regional eddy permi…
View article: Genesis of the Antarctic Slope Current in West Antarctica
Genesis of the Antarctic Slope Current in West Antarctica Open
The stability of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) depends on ocean heat transport toward its base and remains a source of uncertainty in sea level rise prediction. The Antarctic Slope Current (ASC), a major boundary current of the ocean…
View article: Role of Horizontal Eddy Diffusivity within the Canopy on Fire Spread
Role of Horizontal Eddy Diffusivity within the Canopy on Fire Spread Open
Wind profile observations are used to estimate turbulent mixing in the atmospheric boundary layer from 1 m up to 300 m height in two locations of pine forests characteristic of the southeast US region, and to 30 m height at one location in…
View article: Role of horizontal eddy diffusivity within the canopy on fire spread
Role of horizontal eddy diffusivity within the canopy on fire spread Open
<p>Wind profile observations are used to estimate turbulent properties in the atmospheric boundary layer from 1 m up to 300 m height above north Florida pine woods. Basic turbulence characteristics of the lower boundary layer are pre…
View article: The Regulation of Sea Ice Thickness by Double‐Diffusive Processes in the Ross Gyre
The Regulation of Sea Ice Thickness by Double‐Diffusive Processes in the Ross Gyre Open
New fine‐scale observations from the central Ross Gyre reveal the presence of double‐diffusive staircase structures underlying the surface mixed layer. These structures are persistent over seasons, with more developed mixed layers within t…
View article: Exchange of Water Between the Ross Gyre and ACC Assessed by Lagrangian Particle Tracking
Exchange of Water Between the Ross Gyre and ACC Assessed by Lagrangian Particle Tracking Open
To reach upwelling and downwelling zones deep within the Southern Ocean seasonal sea ice cover, water masses must move across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and through current systems including the Ross Gyre, Weddell Gyre, and Antarcti…
View article: Observing the Ice‐Covered Weddell Gyre With Profiling Floats: Position Uncertainties and Correlation Statistics
Observing the Ice‐Covered Weddell Gyre With Profiling Floats: Position Uncertainties and Correlation Statistics Open
Argo‐type profiling floats do not receive satellite positioning while under sea ice. Common practice is to approximate unknown positions by linearly interpolating latitude‐longitude between known positions before and after ice cover, altho…
View article: Pixel-level statistical analyses of prescribed fire spread
Pixel-level statistical analyses of prescribed fire spread Open
Wildland fire dynamics are a complex three-dimensional turbulent process. Cellular automata (CA) is an efficient tool to predict fire dynamics, but the main parameters of the method are challenging to estimate. To overcome this challenge, …
View article: Global Observations of Horizontal Mixing from Argo Float and Surface Drifter Trajectories
Global Observations of Horizontal Mixing from Argo Float and Surface Drifter Trajectories Open
Mixing by mesoscale eddies in the ocean plays a major role in setting the distribution of oceanic tracers, with important implications for physical and biochemical systems at local to global scales. Roach et al. (2016; https://doi.org/10.1…