Kevin W. Hoffman
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View article: Adolescent Depressive Symptom Trajectories From Before to After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Adolescent Depressive Symptom Trajectories From Before to After the COVID-19 Pandemic Open
Importance Adolescent depression rates increased during the COVID-19 pandemic globally. Data on risk and resilience factors can inform prevention and intervention strategies during a major adversity. Objective To characterize depression sy…
View article: Association Between Extreme Heat and Externalizing Symptoms in Pre- and Early Adolescence: Findings From the ABCD Study
Association Between Extreme Heat and Externalizing Symptoms in Pre- and Early Adolescence: Findings From the ABCD Study Open
We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnai…
View article: Allostatic load in early adolescence: gene / environment contributions and relevance for mental health
Allostatic load in early adolescence: gene / environment contributions and relevance for mental health Open
Background Allostatic load is the cumulative “wear and tear” on the body due to chronic adversity. We aimed to test poly-environmental (exposomic) and polygenic contributions to allostatic load and their combined contribution to early adol…
View article: Association between Asthma and Suicidality in 9–12-Year-Old Youths
Association between Asthma and Suicidality in 9–12-Year-Old Youths Open
Purpose: Suicidal ideation and attempts in youth are a growing health concern, and more data are needed regarding their biological underpinnings. Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder in youth and has been associated with suicid…
View article: Association between asthma and suicidality in 9-11-year-old children
Association between asthma and suicidality in 9-11-year-old children Open
Background Suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) in children are a growing health concern, and more data is needed regarding their biological underpinnings. Immune processes such as inflammation have been associated with STB, primarily in a…
View article: Response to Comments on “Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections”
Response to Comments on “Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections” Open
Puel and Casanova and Kisand et al . challenge our conclusions that interferonopathy and not IL-17/IL-22 autoantibodies promote candidiasis in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy. We acknowledge that conclusive e…
View article: Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections
Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections Open
Type 1 immunity gives fungi a foothold Type 17 immune responses play a vital role against fungal infections of the mucosa. It remains unclear whether other types of immune responses can also contribute to host defense against these pathoge…
View article: Considering the Microbiome in Stress-Related and Neurodevelopmental Trajectories to Schizophrenia
Considering the Microbiome in Stress-Related and Neurodevelopmental Trajectories to Schizophrenia Open
Early life adversity and prenatal stress are consistently associated with an increased risk for schizophrenia, although the exact pathogenic mechanisms linking the exposures with the disease remain elusive. Our previous view of the HPA str…
View article: Sex differences in cytokine production following West Nile virus infection: Implications for symptom manifestation
Sex differences in cytokine production following West Nile virus infection: Implications for symptom manifestation Open
West Nile virus (WNV) infection outcomes vary among individuals, with most infections resulting in asymptomatic or mild flu-like symptoms. We previously reported an association between early cytokine production and symptom outcome followin…
View article: P2X Antagonists Inhibit HIV-1 Productive Infection and Inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-1β in a Human Tonsil Explant Model
P2X Antagonists Inhibit HIV-1 Productive Infection and Inflammatory Cytokines Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-1β in a Human Tonsil Explant Model Open
Patients who are chronically infected with HIV-1 experience sequelae related to chronic inflammation. The mechanisms of this inflammation have not been elucidated. Here, we describe a class of drugs that target the P2X proinflammatory sign…
View article: P2X antagonists inhibit HIV-1 productive infection and inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1β in a human tonsil explant model
P2X antagonists inhibit HIV-1 productive infection and inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1β in a human tonsil explant model Open
HIV-1 causes a persistent infection of the immune system that is associated with chronic comorbidities. The mechanisms that underlie this inflammation are poorly understood. Emerging literature has implicated pro-inflammatory purinergic re…
View article: The homozygous CX3CR1-M280 mutation impairs human monocyte survival
The homozygous CX3CR1-M280 mutation impairs human monocyte survival Open
Several reports have demonstrated that mouse Cx3cr1 signaling promotes monocyte/macrophage survival. In agreement, we previously found that, in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis, genetic deficiency of Cx3cr1 resulted in increased morta…
View article: Chemokine Receptor Ccr7 Restricts Fatal West Nile Virus Encephalitis
Chemokine Receptor Ccr7 Restricts Fatal West Nile Virus Encephalitis Open
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can cause debilitating encephalitis. To delineate the mechanisms behind this pathology, we studied Ccr7-deficient mice, which afforded us the capacity to study infection in mi…
View article: Extrapulmonary Aspergillus infection in patients with CARD9 deficiency
Extrapulmonary Aspergillus infection in patients with CARD9 deficiency Open
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a life-threatening mycosis that only affects patients with immunosuppression, chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, transplantation, or congenital immunodeficiency. We studied the clinical, genetic, histolog…
View article: Batf3-dependent CD103<sup>+</sup>dendritic cell accumulation is dispensable for mucosal and systemic antifungal host defense
Batf3-dependent CD103<sup>+</sup>dendritic cell accumulation is dispensable for mucosal and systemic antifungal host defense Open
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for defense against a variety of pathogens and the formation of adaptive immune responses. The transcription factor Batf3 is critical for the development of CD103(+)CD11b(-) DCs, which promote IL-12-depen…
View article: Differences in Early Cytokine Production Are Associated With Development of a Greater Number of Symptoms Following West Nile Virus Infection
Differences in Early Cytokine Production Are Associated With Development of a Greater Number of Symptoms Following West Nile Virus Infection Open
Collectively, our data suggest that, although an early type I interferon response appears to be crucial to control WNV infection, successful immunity may require a modest early response that is maintained during the course of infection.
View article: Differential Roles of Chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 in Monocytosis and Leukocyte Migration during West Nile Virus Infection
Differential Roles of Chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 in Monocytosis and Leukocyte Migration during West Nile Virus Infection Open
West Nile virus (WNV) is a re-emerging pathogen and the leading cause of epidemic encephalitis in the United States. Inflammatory monocytes are a critical component of the cellular infiltrate found in the CNS during WNV encephalitis, altho…