Kiang Liu
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View article: Cardiovascular Risks and Outcomes Among Chinese American Immigrants: Insights From the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular Risks and Outcomes Among Chinese American Immigrants: Insights From the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Open
Background Immigrants experience changes in cardiovascular risk factors and racial disparities in both cardiovascular health prevention and outcomes upon immigration. We aimed to examine cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes among Chine…
View article: Androgenicity in Young Women and Development of Metabolic Syndrome Before Menopause: The CARDIA and CARDIA Women’s Studies
Androgenicity in Young Women and Development of Metabolic Syndrome Before Menopause: The CARDIA and CARDIA Women’s Studies Open
Context There are no reported data from prospective long-term studies on the relation of androgen levels in young women with development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) before menopause. Objective We investigated associations of androgens and…
View article: Cumulative BMI and incident prediabetes over 30 years of follow‐up: The <scp>CARDIA</scp> study
Cumulative BMI and incident prediabetes over 30 years of follow‐up: The <span>CARDIA</span> study Open
Objective This study examined how cumulative BMI (cBMI) is associated with incident prediabetes in a biracial observational cohort study followed from young adulthood to middle age. Methods Black and White men and women ( n = 4190) from th…
View article: Association between Biomarkers of Inflammation and 10-Year Changes in Aortic Stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Association between Biomarkers of Inflammation and 10-Year Changes in Aortic Stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Open
Background. Chronic inflammation is associated with incident cardiovascular events. We study the association between biomarkers of inflammation and subclinical vascular dysfunction measured as proximal aortic stiffness. Methods. MRI imagin…
View article: Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction
Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Open
Background The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) are race- and sex-specific Cox proportional hazards (PH)-based models used for 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction with acceptable discrimination. In recent y…
View article: Pre-diagnostic predictors of mortality in patients with heart failure: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
Pre-diagnostic predictors of mortality in patients with heart failure: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis Open
Background There are multiple predictive factors for cardiovascular (CV) mortality measured at, or after heart failure (HF) diagnosis. However, the predictive role of long-term exposure to these predictors prior to HF diagnosis is unknown.…
View article: Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction
Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Open
Background: The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) are race- and sex-specific Cox PH-based models used for 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction with acceptable discrimination. In recent years, neural network m…
View article: Risk Factors for Incident Coronary Artery Calcium in Younger (Age 32 to 45 Years) Versus Intermediate (46 to 64 Years) Versus Older (65 to 84 Years) Persons
Risk Factors for Incident Coronary Artery Calcium in Younger (Age 32 to 45 Years) Versus Intermediate (46 to 64 Years) Versus Older (65 to 84 Years) Persons Open
View article: Association of Body Mass Index in Midlife With Morbidity Burden in Older Adulthood and Longevity
Association of Body Mass Index in Midlife With Morbidity Burden in Older Adulthood and Longevity Open
In this cohort study, overweight in midlife, compared with normal BMI, was associated with higher cumulative burden of morbidity and greater proportion of life lived with morbidity in the context of similar longevity. These findings transl…
View article: Pulmonary Function in Midlife as a Predictor of Later-Life Cognition: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Adults (CARDIA) Study
Pulmonary Function in Midlife as a Predictor of Later-Life Cognition: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Adults (CARDIA) Study Open
Background Studies found associations between pulmonary function (PF) and cognition, but these are limited by mostly cross-sectional design and a single measure of PF (typically forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]). Our objective w…
View article: Association between Biomarkers of Inflammation and 10-Year Changes in Aortic Stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Association between Biomarkers of Inflammation and 10-Year Changes in Aortic Stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Open
View article: Comparison of State-Of-The-Art Neural Network Survival Models With The Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction
Comparison of State-Of-The-Art Neural Network Survival Models With The Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Open
Background: The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) are race- and sex-specific Cox PH-based models used for 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction with acceptable discrimination. In recent years, neural network m…
View article: Epigenetic Age Acceleration Reflects Long-Term Cardiovascular Health
Epigenetic Age Acceleration Reflects Long-Term Cardiovascular Health Open
Rationale: Epigenetic aging is a novel measure of biological age, reflecting exposures and disease risks independent of chronological age. It may serve as a useful biomarker of cardiovascular health (CVH) or cardiovascular disease risk for…
View article: Age and sex disparities in hypertension control: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)
Age and sex disparities in hypertension control: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) Open
Sex disparities in hypertension control increase with advancing age and are greatest among adults age 75+ years.
View article: Assessment of Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring to Guide Statin Therapy Allocation According to Risk-Enhancing Factors
Assessment of Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring to Guide Statin Therapy Allocation According to Risk-Enhancing Factors Open
In this cross-sectional study, among participants with CAC scores of 0, the presence of risk-enhancing factors was generally not associated with an overall ASCVD risk that was higher than the recommended treatment threshold for the initiat…
View article: Does Lowering Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Statin Restore Low Risk in Middle‐Aged Adults? Analysis of the Observational MESA Study
Does Lowering Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Statin Restore Low Risk in Middle‐Aged Adults? Analysis of the Observational MESA Study Open
Background It is unclear if statin therapy in midlife can restore low cardiovascular risk in hypercholesterolemic individuals. Methods and Results At baseline, we grouped 5687 MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) participants aged …
View article: Left Atrial Remodeling Assessed by Serial Longitudinal Cardiac MRI in MESA
Left Atrial Remodeling Assessed by Serial Longitudinal Cardiac MRI in MESA Open
View article: Association of Overactive Bladder With Hypertension and Blood Pressure Control: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Association of Overactive Bladder With Hypertension and Blood Pressure Control: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Open
BACKGROUND The sudden urge to urinate, also known as overactive bladder (OAB), may reflect higher sympathetic activity and associate with higher blood pressure (BP). METHODS This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from sixth follow-up …
View article: Association of Pro‐B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance–Measured Global and Regional Cardiac Function and Structure Over 10 Years: The MESA Study
Association of Pro‐B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance–Measured Global and Regional Cardiac Function and Structure Over 10 Years: The MESA Study Open
Background NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) is widely used to diagnose and manage patients with heart failure. We aimed to investigate associations between NT‐proBNP levels and development of global and regional myocar…
View article: Blood Pressure Levels in Young Adulthood and Midlife Stroke Incidence in a Diverse Cohort
Blood Pressure Levels in Young Adulthood and Midlife Stroke Incidence in a Diverse Cohort Open
We examined the longitudinal association between blood pressure (BP) and stroke incidence in young and middle-aged adults. BP measured during 9 examinations of the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) from 1985-1…
View article: Tree-Structured Assessment of Causal Odds Ratio with Large Observational Study Data Sets
Tree-Structured Assessment of Causal Odds Ratio with Large Observational Study Data Sets Open
View article: Urinary sodium and potassium excretions in young adulthood and blood pressure by middle age: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Urinary sodium and potassium excretions in young adulthood and blood pressure by middle age: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study Open
Objective: Data are sparse regarding the impact of sodium and potassium intakes on serial blood pressure (BP) levels during long-term follow-up. Methods: Among 1007 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults participants (mean age, 3…
View article: Associations of Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Fish With Biomarkers of Inflammation and Endothelial Activation (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA])
Associations of Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Fish With Biomarkers of Inflammation and Endothelial Activation (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA]) Open
Cardioprotective effects of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and fish consumption have been observed. However, data on the specific associations of these dietary factors with inflammation and endothelial activation …
View article: Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-analysis across 32 Studies Identifies Multiple Lipid Loci
Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-analysis across 32 Studies Identifies Multiple Lipid Loci Open
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs underlying variations in plasma-lipid levels. We explore whether additional loci associated with plasma-lipid phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C…
View article: Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated with depressive symptoms in women
Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are inversely associated with depressive symptoms in women Open
Experimental and observational data suggest higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated acids may lead to decreased risk of depressive disorders. We assessed multivariable-adjusted associations of fish consumption and dieta…
View article: Combined admixture mapping and association analysis identifies a novel blood pressure genetic locus on 5p13: contributions from the CARe consortium
Combined admixture mapping and association analysis identifies a novel blood pressure genetic locus on 5p13: contributions from the CARe consortium Open
Admixture mapping based on recently admixed populations is a powerful method to detect disease variants with substantial allele frequency differences in ancestral populations. We performed admixture mapping analysis for systolic blood pres…
View article: Distributions and determinants of mercury concentrations in toenails among American young adults: the CARDIA Trace Element Study
Distributions and determinants of mercury concentrations in toenails among American young adults: the CARDIA Trace Element Study Open
Since data on mercury (Hg) levels in Caucasians and African Americans (AAs) of both genders are lacking, this study aims to present toenail Hg distributions and explore the potential determinants using data from the Coronary Artery Risk De…
View article: Distribution of toenail selenium levels in young adult Caucasians and African Americans in the United States: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
Distribution of toenail selenium levels in young adult Caucasians and African Americans in the United States: The CARDIA Trace Element Study Open
Data on selenium (Se) levels in American young adults, especially in African Americans, are lacking.
View article: Cardiovascular Health through Young Adulthood and Cognitive Functioning in Midlife
Cardiovascular Health through Young Adulthood and Cognitive Functioning in Midlife Open
To examine the association between overall cardiovascular health as recently defined by the American Heart Association in young adulthood to middle-age and cognitive function in midlife. Overall ideal cardiovascular health incorporates 7 m…
View article: Sample Design and Cohort Selection in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Sample Design and Cohort Selection in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Open
The Hispanic Community Health Study (HCHS)/Study of Latinos (SOL) is a multi-center, community based cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States. A diverse participant sample is required that is both representative of the t…