Konstantin Klein
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View article: Pathways at the Iberian crossroads: Dynamic modeling of the middle–upper paleolithic transition
Pathways at the Iberian crossroads: Dynamic modeling of the middle–upper paleolithic transition Open
Archaeological and genomic data provide essential yet static insights into human expansion, offering limited understanding of the underlying dynamic processes. As a complementary alternative, we present a high-resolution model of populatio…
View article: Assignment of the Biological Identity of Breast Masses in Contrast-enhanced Spectral Computed Tomography Examinations of Chest Carried Out in Clinical Routine Diagnostics
Assignment of the Biological Identity of Breast Masses in Contrast-enhanced Spectral Computed Tomography Examinations of Chest Carried Out in Clinical Routine Diagnostics Open
Background: Focal breast lesions are observed in up to 5.8% of CT examinations performed in female patients for a wide variety of indications not affecting the breast. To simplify and standardize the further procedure in the case of breast…
View article: Reconstruction of human dispersal during Aurignacian on pan-European scale
Reconstruction of human dispersal during Aurignacian on pan-European scale Open
The Aurignacian is the first techno-complex related with certainty to Anatomically Modern Humans in Europe. Studies show that they appeared around 43-42 kyr cal BP and dispersed rapidly in Europe during the Upper Palaeolithic. However, hum…
View article: Deep Aramaic: Towards a synthetic data paradigm enabling machine learning in epigraphy
Deep Aramaic: Towards a synthetic data paradigm enabling machine learning in epigraphy Open
Epigraphy is witnessing a growing integration of artificial intelligence, notably through its subfield of machine learning (ML), especially in tasks like extracting insights from ancient inscriptions. However, scarce labeled data for train…
View article: Assignment of the biological value of solid breast masses based on quantitative evaluations of spectral CT examinations using electron density mapping, Zeffective mapping and iodine mapping
Assignment of the biological value of solid breast masses based on quantitative evaluations of spectral CT examinations using electron density mapping, Zeffective mapping and iodine mapping Open
Quantitative assessments of Zeff, iodine content and ED all targeting the physical and chemical aspects of iodine uptake in solid breast masses confirmed diagnostically robust cutpoints for the differentiation of benign and malignant findi…
View article: Reduction of contrast medium for transcatheter aortic valve replacement planning using a spectral detector CT: a prospective clinical trial
Reduction of contrast medium for transcatheter aortic valve replacement planning using a spectral detector CT: a prospective clinical trial Open
Introduction This study investigated the use of dual-energy spectral detector computed tomography (CT) and virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) reconstructions in pre-interventional transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) planning. We…
View article: Deep Aramaic: Towards a Synthetic Data Paradigm Enabling Machine Learning in Epigraphy
Deep Aramaic: Towards a Synthetic Data Paradigm Enabling Machine Learning in Epigraphy Open
Epigraphy increasingly turns to modern artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) for extracting insights from ancient inscriptions. However, scarce labeled data for training ML algorithms severely limits curre…
View article: Industry 4.0 Technologies as an Obsolescence Mitigator for Testing of Mechatronic Systems in Aviation
Industry 4.0 Technologies as an Obsolescence Mitigator for Testing of Mechatronic Systems in Aviation Open
Companies building products with a usage phase of 25 years and more, have suffered from obsolescence for decades. Software and hardware components inside of the supporting systems, such as avionics test benches, are particularly affected. …
View article: Peripheral Nerve Regeneration–Adipose-Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Differentiated by a Three-Step Protocol Promote Neurite Elongation via NGF Secretion
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration–Adipose-Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Differentiated by a Three-Step Protocol Promote Neurite Elongation via NGF Secretion Open
The lack of supportive Schwann cells in segmental nerve lesions seems to be one cornerstone for the problem of insufficient nerve regeneration. Lately, adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) differentiated towards SC (Schwann cell)-like …
View article: The Our Way Model for Human Dispersal in Changing Paleoclimate
The Our Way Model for Human Dispersal in Changing Paleoclimate Open
<p>DNA studies on present-day humans and Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHs) point to our genetic origin in Africa around 300 ka BP. The debate on our ancestry is continuing, which hinges upon the history of human population networks a…
View article: Feasibility and Comparison of Resting Full-Cycle Ratio and Computed Tomography Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis
Feasibility and Comparison of Resting Full-Cycle Ratio and Computed Tomography Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis Open
Background: Computed tomography derived Fractional Flow Reserve (CT-FFR) has been shown to decrease the referral rate for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CT-FFR co…
View article: Hybrid-augmented intelligence in predictive maintenance with digital intelligent assistants
Hybrid-augmented intelligence in predictive maintenance with digital intelligent assistants Open
Industrial maintenance strategies increasingly rely on artificial intelligence to predict asset conditions and prescribe maintenance actions. The related maintenance software and human maintenance actors can form a hybrid-augmented intelli…
View article: An IIoT approach for edge intelligence in production environments using machine learning and knowledge graphs
An IIoT approach for edge intelligence in production environments using machine learning and knowledge graphs Open
The mining industries need novel solutions to reduce production stoppages. Predictive maintenance solutions and especially the hardware components, cannot operate properly under such harsh conditions, as high concentration of dust and othe…
View article: Manual kidney stone size measurements in computed tomography are most accurate using multiplanar image reformatations and bone window settings
Manual kidney stone size measurements in computed tomography are most accurate using multiplanar image reformatations and bone window settings Open
Computed tomography in suspected urolithiasis provides information about the presence, location and size of stones. Particularly stone size is a key parameter in treatment decision; however, data on impact of reformatation and measurement …
View article: Human-existence probability of the Aurignacian techno-complex under extreme climate conditions
Human-existence probability of the Aurignacian techno-complex under extreme climate conditions Open
The Aurignacian occurred in the middle of the Last Glacial Period, in which climate underwent major changes on millennial time scales, highlighted by the Greenland interstadial and stadial periods. Here we investigate how climate change in…
View article: Towards Using Digital Intelligent Assistants to Put Humans in the Loop of Predictive Maintenance Systems
Towards Using Digital Intelligent Assistants to Put Humans in the Loop of Predictive Maintenance Systems Open
Predictive maintenance systems are socio-technical systems where the interaction between maintenance personnel and the technical system is critical to achieving maintenance goals. Employees who use a predictive maintenance system should ex…
View article: A framework for advanced visualization of predictive analytics in cyber-physical production systems
A framework for advanced visualization of predictive analytics in cyber-physical production systems Open
This study discusses a framework to support manufacturers in their maintenance activities via data-driven condition monitoring and advanced visualization techniques. Moreover, the framework proposes a user-friendly predictive maintenance a…
View article: State of the Art in Paleoenvironment Mapping for Modeling Applications in Archeology—Summary, Conclusions, and Future Directions from the PaleoMaps Workshop
State of the Art in Paleoenvironment Mapping for Modeling Applications in Archeology—Summary, Conclusions, and Future Directions from the PaleoMaps Workshop Open
In this report, we present the contributions, outcomes, ideas, discussions and conclusions obtained at the PaleoMaps Workshop 2019, that took place at the Institute of Geography of the University of Cologne on 23 and 24 September 2019. The…
View article: Simulating human mobility with a Lagrangian Constraint Random Walk Model based on climatic and environmental conditions
Simulating human mobility with a Lagrangian Constraint Random Walk Model based on climatic and environmental conditions Open
<p>Archaeological records indicate that human population experienced frequent decline and growth as humans were on their way to populate the whole planet. Our hypothesis is that climate and environment were the main drivers for human…
View article: Impacts of Heinrich events upon Human existence potential in Europe
Impacts of Heinrich events upon Human existence potential in Europe Open
<p>Heinrich events are recognized as the dominant periods of extreme cold terrestrial climate conditions during the last glacial period. The role of climate forcing alone upon Human Existence Potential (HEP) during extreme events, e.…
View article: Principles of Energy Flexible Buildings: Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme Annex 67 Energy Flexible Buildings
Principles of Energy Flexible Buildings: Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme Annex 67 Energy Flexible Buildings Open
Energy flexibility of a building is really not a new concept. It originates from the demand side management regime, which for decades has been applied by the designers and operators to foster stable and bottleneck-free operation of the ele…
View article: Is Prehospital Time Important for the Treatment of Severely Injured Patients? A Matched-Triplet Analysis of 13,851 Patients from the TraumaRegister DGU®
Is Prehospital Time Important for the Treatment of Severely Injured Patients? A Matched-Triplet Analysis of 13,851 Patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® Open
Background. The impact of time (the golden period of trauma) on the outcome of severely injured patients has been well known for a long time. While the duration of the prehospital phase has changed only slightly (average time: ~66 min) sin…
View article: Quantifying the grid support of building energy systems: evaluation of grid-supportive concepts for space heating and cooling in non-residential buildings
Quantifying the grid support of building energy systems: evaluation of grid-supportive concepts for space heating and cooling in non-residential buildings Open
As an effort to reduce carbon emissions, Germany plans to significantly increase the use of wind and PV electricity. Since wind and PV plants cannot be dispatched deliberately like conventional power plants, increased flexibility on the de…