Kurt Warnhoff
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View article: XDH-1 inactivation causes xanthine stone formation in Caenorhabditis elegans which is inhibited by SULP-4-mediated anion exchange in the excretory cell
XDH-1 inactivation causes xanthine stone formation in Caenorhabditis elegans which is inhibited by SULP-4-mediated anion exchange in the excretory cell Open
Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is a molybdenum cofactor (Moco) requiring enzyme that catabolizes hypoxanthine into xanthine and xanthine into uric acid, the final steps in purine catabolism. Human patients with mutations in XDH develop xanth…
View article: XDH-1 inactivation causes xanthine stone formation in <i>C. elegans</i> which is inhibited by SULP-4-mediated anion exchange in the excretory cell
XDH-1 inactivation causes xanthine stone formation in <i>C. elegans</i> which is inhibited by SULP-4-mediated anion exchange in the excretory cell Open
Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is a molybdenum cofactor (Moco) requiring enzyme that catabolizes hypoxanthine into xanthine and xanthine into uric acid, the final steps in purine catabolism. Human patients with mutations in XDH develop xanth…
View article: Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Full text Figures and data Side by side Abstract eLife assessment eLife digest Introduction Results Discussion Methods Data availability References Peer review Author response Article and author information Abstract Dedicated genetic pathw…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
The amino acid cysteine is critical for many aspects of life, yet excess cysteine is toxic. Therefore, animals require pathways to maintain cysteine homeostasis. In mammals, high cysteine activates cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cys…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Obtaining the necessary molybdenum cofactor for sulfite oxidase activity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans surprisingly involves a dietary source
Obtaining the necessary molybdenum cofactor for sulfite oxidase activity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans surprisingly involves a dietary source Open
Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a prosthetic group necessary for the activity of four unique enzymes, including the essential sulfite oxidase (SUOX-1). Moco is required for life; humans with inactivating mutations in the genes encoding Moco-…
View article: Dietary molybdenum cofactor promotes fitness by increasing Moco content and sulfite oxidase activity in the nematode <i>C. elegans</i>
Dietary molybdenum cofactor promotes fitness by increasing Moco content and sulfite oxidase activity in the nematode <i>C. elegans</i> Open
Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a prosthetic group necessary for the activity of 4 unique enzymes, including the essential sulfite oxidase (SUOX-1). Moco is required for life; humans with inactivating mutations in the genes encoding Moco-bio…
View article: moc-6/MOCS2A is necessary for molybdenum cofactor synthesis in C. elegans
moc-6/MOCS2A is necessary for molybdenum cofactor synthesis in C. elegans Open
The nematode C. elegans has recently emerged as a tractable system for genetic discovery in Moco biology (Warnhoff and Ruvkun 2019; Warnhoff et al. 2021). In C. elegans, endogenous Moco biosynthesis is not required for growth, development,…
View article: Cadmium hijacks the high zinc response by binding and activating the HIZR-1 nuclear receptor
Cadmium hijacks the high zinc response by binding and activating the HIZR-1 nuclear receptor Open
Significance Zinc is essential for animal life, and zinc levels are carefully regulated by homeostatic mechanisms. In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans , the HIZR-1 nuclear receptor directly binds zinc and mediates high zinc homeos…
View article: Protein-bound molybdenum cofactor is bioavailable and rescues molybdenum cofactor-deficient <i>C. elegans</i>
Protein-bound molybdenum cofactor is bioavailable and rescues molybdenum cofactor-deficient <i>C. elegans</i> Open
The molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a 520-Da prosthetic group that is synthesized in all domains of life. In animals, four oxidases (among them sulfite oxidase) use Moco as a prosthetic group. Moco is essential in animals; humans with mutati…
View article: Protein-bound molybdenum cofactor is bioavailable and rescues molybdenum cofactor-deficient<i>C. elegans</i>
Protein-bound molybdenum cofactor is bioavailable and rescues molybdenum cofactor-deficient<i>C. elegans</i> Open
The molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a 520 dalton prosthetic group that is synthesized in all domains of life. In animals, four oxidases (among them sulfite oxidase) use Moco as a prosthetic group. Moco is essential in animals; humans with mu…
View article: The zinc transporter ZIPT-7.1 regulates sperm activation in nematodes
The zinc transporter ZIPT-7.1 regulates sperm activation in nematodes Open
Sperm activation is a fascinating example of cell differentiation, in which immotile spermatids undergo a rapid and dramatic transition to become mature, motile sperm. Because the sperm nucleus is transcriptionally silent, this transition …
View article: Zinc promoted nuclear accumulation of HIZR-1 in animals.
Zinc promoted nuclear accumulation of HIZR-1 in animals. Open
hizr-1(am286lf) animals expressing full-length HIZR-1(1–412 WT)::GFP or HIZR-1(1–412 D270N GF)::GFP were cultured with no supplemental metals or supplemental zinc or copper. (A–C) Representative images show midbody region; the intestines a…
View article: HIZR-1 regulates high zinc homeostasis in the <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i> intestine.
HIZR-1 regulates high zinc homeostasis in the <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i> intestine. Open
(A) Genetic model. High levels of zinc promote HIZR-1 activity and transcriptional activation of multiple genes including cdf-2, ttm-1b and hizr-1. Increased levels of cdf-2 and ttm-1b mRNA promote increased levels of CDF-2 and TTM-1B prot…
View article: The Nuclear Receptor HIZR-1 Uses Zinc as a Ligand to Mediate Homeostasis in Response to High Zinc
The Nuclear Receptor HIZR-1 Uses Zinc as a Ligand to Mediate Homeostasis in Response to High Zinc Open
Nuclear receptors were originally defined as endocrine sensors in humans, leading to the identification of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Despite intensive efforts, most nuclear receptors have no known ligand, suggesting new ligand clas…