Laurie Smith
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View article: <sup>129</sup> Xe-MRI ventilation and acinar abnormalities highlight the significance of spirometric dysanapsis: findings from the NOVELTY ADPro UK substudy
<sup>129</sup> Xe-MRI ventilation and acinar abnormalities highlight the significance of spirometric dysanapsis: findings from the NOVELTY ADPro UK substudy Open
Rationale Airways dysanapsis is defined by CT or spirometry as a mismatch between the size of the airways and lung volume and is associated with increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung disease in par…
View article: A Systematic Review of the Variability of Ventilation Defect Percent Generated From Hyperpolarized Noble Gas Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging
A Systematic Review of the Variability of Ventilation Defect Percent Generated From Hyperpolarized Noble Gas Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging Open
Hyperpolarized (HP) gas pulmonary MR ventilation images are typically quantified using ventilation defect percent (VDP); however, the test‐retest variability of VDP has not been systematically established in multi‐center trials. Herein, we…
View article: Pulmonary <scp>MRI</scp> in Newborns and Children
Pulmonary <span>MRI</span> in Newborns and Children Open
Lung MRI is an important tool in the assessment and monitoring of pediatric and neonatal lung disorders. MRI can provide both similar and complementary image contrast to computed tomography for imaging the lung macrostructure, and beyond t…
View article: A framework for modelling whole-lung and regional transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide using hyperpolarised xenon-129 lung magnetic resonance imaging
A framework for modelling whole-lung and regional transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide using hyperpolarised xenon-129 lung magnetic resonance imaging Open
Background Pulmonary gas exchange is assessed by the transfer factor of the lungs ( T L ) for carbon monoxide ( T LCO ), and can also be measured with inhaled xenon-129 ( 129 Xe) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A model has been proposed …
View article: Improving Xenon‐129 lung ventilation image SNR with deep‐learning based image reconstruction
Improving Xenon‐129 lung ventilation image SNR with deep‐learning based image reconstruction Open
Purpose To evaluate the feasibility and utility of a deep learning (DL)‐based reconstruction for improving the SNR of hyperpolarized 129 Xe lung ventilation MRI. Methods 129 Xe lung ventilation MRI data acquired from patients with asthma a…
View article: Age, sex, and lung volume dependence of dissolved xenon‐129 MRI gas exchange metrics
Age, sex, and lung volume dependence of dissolved xenon‐129 MRI gas exchange metrics Open
Purpose To characterize the dependence of Xe‐MRI gas transfer metrics upon age, sex, and lung volume in a group of healthy volunteers. Methods Sixty‐five subjects with no history of chronic lung disease were assessed with 129 Xe‐MRI using …
View article: S20 Long-COVID: a multi-faceted syndrome explored in the EXPLAIN study (HypErpolarised xenon magnetic resonance PuLmonary ImAging In PatieNts with Long-COVID)
S20 Long-COVID: a multi-faceted syndrome explored in the EXPLAIN study (HypErpolarised xenon magnetic resonance PuLmonary ImAging In PatieNts with Long-COVID) Open
Background Never hospitalised Long-COVID(NHLC) patients are significantly affected by debilitating symptoms. EXPLAIN is a prospective, multi-centre, observational cohort study investigating breathlessness in these patients, comparing multi…
View article: PhysVENeT: a physiologically-informed deep learning-based framework for the synthesis of 3D hyperpolarized gas MRI ventilation
PhysVENeT: a physiologically-informed deep learning-based framework for the synthesis of 3D hyperpolarized gas MRI ventilation Open
Functional lung imaging modalities such as hyperpolarized gas MRI ventilation enable visualization and quantification of regional lung ventilation; however, these techniques require specialized equipment and exogenous contrast, limiting cl…
View article: Hyperpolarised xenon-129 diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing lung microstructure in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Hyperpolarised xenon-129 diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing lung microstructure in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Open
Background Hyperpolarised 129-xenon ( 129 Xe) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows promise in monitoring the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) due to the lack of ionising radiation and the ability to quantify functional …
View article: Implementable Deep Learning for Multi‐sequence Proton <scp>MRI</scp> Lung Segmentation: A Multi‐center, Multi‐vendor, and Multi‐disease Study
Implementable Deep Learning for Multi‐sequence Proton <span>MRI</span> Lung Segmentation: A Multi‐center, Multi‐vendor, and Multi‐disease Study Open
Background Recently, deep learning via convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has largely superseded conventional methods for proton ( 1 H)‐MRI lung segmentation. However, previous deep learning studies have utilized single‐center data and l…
View article: Functional imaging in asthma and COPD: design of the NOVELTY ADPro substudy
Functional imaging in asthma and COPD: design of the NOVELTY ADPro substudy Open
The NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY (NOVELTY; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02760329 ) is a global, prospective, observational study of ∼12 000 patients with a diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD. Here, we describe the design of the …
View article: A Dual‐Channel Deep Learning Approach for Lung Cavity Estimation From Hyperpolarized Gas and Proton <scp>MRI</scp>
A Dual‐Channel Deep Learning Approach for Lung Cavity Estimation From Hyperpolarized Gas and Proton <span>MRI</span> Open
Background Hyperpolarized gas MRI can quantify regional lung ventilation via biomarkers, including the ventilation defect percentage (VDP). VDP is computed from segmentations derived from spatially co‐registered functional hyperpolarized g…
View article: <scp><sup>129</sup>Xe</scp> and Free‐Breathing <scp><sup>1</sup>H</scp> Ventilation <scp>MRI</scp> in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Dual‐Center Study
<span><sup>129</sup>Xe</span> and Free‐Breathing <span><sup>1</sup>H</span> Ventilation <span>MRI</span> in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: A Dual‐Center Study Open
Background Free‐breathing 1 H ventilation MRI shows promise but only single‐center validation has yet been performed against methods which directly image lung ventilation in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Purpose To investigate the re…
View article: Image Phenotyping of Preterm-Born Children Using Hyperpolarized<sup>129</sup>Xe Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Multiple-Breath Washout
Image Phenotyping of Preterm-Born Children Using Hyperpolarized<sup>129</sup>Xe Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Multiple-Breath Washout Open
Rationale: Preterm birth is associated with low lung function in childhood, but little is known about the lung microstructure in childhood. Objectives: We assessed the differential associations between the historical diagnosis of bronchopu…
View article: Model-based Bayesian inference of the ventilation distribution in patients with cystic fibrosis from multiple breath washout, with comparison to ventilation MRI
Model-based Bayesian inference of the ventilation distribution in patients with cystic fibrosis from multiple breath washout, with comparison to ventilation MRI Open
We have shown that the ventilation distribution in the lung can be inferred from an MBW signal, and verified this using ventilation MRI. The Bayesian method employed extracts this information with fewer breath cycles than required for LCI,…
View article: Participatory Futures
Participatory Futures Open
This chapter argues that the ability to influence the future has been cornered by powerful special interests and new tech monopolies that shape our views of what is possible. It makes the case that cities will not be able to overcome the c…
View article: Longitudinal lung function assessment of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 using<sup>1</sup>H and<sup>129</sup>Xe lung MRI
Longitudinal lung function assessment of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 using<sup>1</sup>H and<sup>129</sup>Xe lung MRI Open
Introduction Microvascular abnormalities and impaired gas transfer have been observed in patients with COVID-19. The progression of pathophysiological pulmonary changes during the post-acute period in these patients remains unclear. Method…
View article: A dual center and dual vendor comparison study of automated perfusion‐weighted phase‐resolved functional lung magnetic resonance imaging with dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cystic fibrosis
A dual center and dual vendor comparison study of automated perfusion‐weighted phase‐resolved functional lung magnetic resonance imaging with dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cystic fibrosis Open
For sensitive diagnosis and monitoring of pulmonary disease, ionizing radiation‐free imaging methods are of great importance. A noncontrast and free‐breathing proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for assessment of pulmonary pe…
View article: Model-based Bayesian inference of the ventilation distribution in patients with Cystic Fibrosis from multiple breath washout, with comparison to ventilation MRI
Model-based Bayesian inference of the ventilation distribution in patients with Cystic Fibrosis from multiple breath washout, with comparison to ventilation MRI Open
Background Indices of ventilation heterogeneity (VH) from multiple breath washout (MBW) have been shown to correlate well with VH indices derived from hyperpolarised gas ventilation MRI. Here we report the prediction of ventilation distrib…
View article: Tangled1: A Microtubule Binding Protein Required for the Spatial Control of Cytokinesis in Maize
Tangled1: A Microtubule Binding Protein Required for the Spatial Control of Cytokinesis in Maize Open
Spatial control of cytokinesis in plant cells depends on guidance of the cytokinetic apparatus, the phragmoplast, to a cortical "division site" established before mitosis. Previously, we showed that the Tangled1 (Tan1) gene of maize is req…
View article: Clonal Analysis of Epidermal Patterning during Maize Leaf Development
Clonal Analysis of Epidermal Patterning during Maize Leaf Development Open
In plants, specialized epidermal cells are arranged in semiordered patterns. In grasses such as maize, stomata and other specialized cell types differentiate in linear patterns within the leaf epidermis. A variety of mechanisms have been p…
View article: Xenon ventilation MRI in difficult asthma: initial experience in a clinical setting
Xenon ventilation MRI in difficult asthma: initial experience in a clinical setting Open
Background Hyperpolarised gas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to assess ventilation patterns. Previous studies have shown the image-derived metric of ventilation defect per cent (VDP) to correlate with forced expiratory volume…
View article: Lung MRI with hyperpolarised gases: current & future clinical perspectives
Lung MRI with hyperpolarised gases: current & future clinical perspectives Open
The use of pulmonary MRI in a clinical setting has historically been limited. Whilst CT remains the gold-standard for structural lung imaging in many clinical indications, technical developments in ultrashort and zero echo time MRI techniq…
View article: Quantification of pulmonary perfusion in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with first pass dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI
Quantification of pulmonary perfusion in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with first pass dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI Open
Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease of lung scarring. Many patients later develop raised pulmonary vascular pressures, sometimes disproportionate to the interstitial disease. Previous therapeutic approaches …
View article: The assessment of short- and long-term changes in lung function in cystic fibrosis using<sup>129</sup>Xe MRI
The assessment of short- and long-term changes in lung function in cystic fibrosis using<sup>129</sup>Xe MRI Open
Introduction Xenon-129 ( 129 Xe) ventilation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sensitive to detect early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and response to treatment. 129 Xe-MRI could play a significant role in clinical trials and patient…