Christina Schofield
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View article: TIM3 promotes cross-presentation dependent CD8+ T cell responses to soluble antigen and influenza 4814
TIM3 promotes cross-presentation dependent CD8+ T cell responses to soluble antigen and influenza 4814 Open
Description T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) promotes uptake of apoptotic cells and suppresses cytosolic DNA sensing and inflammasome activation in type 1 conventional dendritic cells (DC1), which are specialized for cross-p…
View article: Field expedient stool collection methods for gut microbiome analysis in deployed military environments
Field expedient stool collection methods for gut microbiome analysis in deployed military environments Open
Field expedient devices and protocols for the collection, storage, and shipment of stool samples in deployed settings are needed for the advancement of microbiome research in military health. Relevant assessments include the evaluation of …
View article: 412 Quantitative air trapping analysis in lung transplant recipients
412 Quantitative air trapping analysis in lung transplant recipients Open
Objectives/Goals: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), a form of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) that primarily affects the small airways, is often diagnosed too late using standard pulmonary function tests. This project aims…
View article: P-1936. Does SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination Impact Menstrual Health? Results From a Longitudinal Cohort Study Among Military Health System Beneficiaries
P-1936. Does SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination Impact Menstrual Health? Results From a Longitudinal Cohort Study Among Military Health System Beneficiaries Open
Background The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on menstruation is unclear. The goal of this study is to quantify the relationships between history of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection and incident, clinically documented m…
View article: P-725. Incidence and Severity of Influenza-like Illness in Cigarette Users: A Prospective Study
P-725. Incidence and Severity of Influenza-like Illness in Cigarette Users: A Prospective Study Open
Background Influenza-like illness (ILI) causes significant morbidity. This study aims to compare ILI incidence and severity of current tobacco smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers enrolled in a randomized clinical trial, comparing infl…
View article: P-452. Factors Associated with Liver Fibrosis Development in HIV-Monoinfected Patients Within the Modern ART Era
P-452. Factors Associated with Liver Fibrosis Development in HIV-Monoinfected Patients Within the Modern ART Era Open
Background Liver fibrosis (LF) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Using data from the US Military HIV Natural History Study (NHS), we examined prevalence and risk factors of LF in the …
View article: Comparison of neuraminidase inhibiting antibody responses elicited by egg- and cell-derived influenza vaccines
Comparison of neuraminidase inhibiting antibody responses elicited by egg- and cell-derived influenza vaccines Open
Antibody responses to NA following vaccination with eIIV and cIIV were not the same; although the responses to the N1 and N2 components of eIIV were similar, there were fewer responders to N1 than N2 of cIIV. Studies to determine the impac…
View article: Estimating the Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination and Infection Variant on Post-COVID-19 Venous Thrombosis or Embolism Risk
Estimating the Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination and Infection Variant on Post-COVID-19 Venous Thrombosis or Embolism Risk Open
Background Previous research has shown that vaccination reduces risk of post–coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) venous thrombosis or embolism (VTE), but the effect of vaccine boosting on post-COVID-19 VTE risk reduction is unclear. We sou…
View article: Airway basal stem cells are necessary for the maintenance of functional intraepithelial airway macrophages
Airway basal stem cells are necessary for the maintenance of functional intraepithelial airway macrophages Open
SUMMARY Adult stem cells play a crucial role in tissue homeostasis and repair through multiple mechanisms. In addition to being able to replace aged or damaged cells, stem cells provide signals that contribute to the maintenance and functi…
View article: Precision Symptom Phenotyping Identifies Early Clinical and Proteomic Predictors of Distinct COVID-19 Sequelae
Precision Symptom Phenotyping Identifies Early Clinical and Proteomic Predictors of Distinct COVID-19 Sequelae Open
Background Post-COVID conditions (PCC) are difficult to characterize, diagnose, predict, and treat due to overlapping symptoms and poorly understood pathology. Identifying inflammatory profiles may improve clinical prognostication and tria…
View article: Long-COVID improves in 50% of patients after a year in a Midwestern cohort
Long-COVID improves in 50% of patients after a year in a Midwestern cohort Open
Background Many of those infected with COVID-19 experience long-term disability due to persistent symptoms known as Long-COVID, which include ongoing respiratory issues, loss of taste and smell, and impaired daily functioning. Research Que…
View article: 437. Does “Long COVID” Resolve by One Year in U.S. Military Health System Beneficiaries?
437. Does “Long COVID” Resolve by One Year in U.S. Military Health System Beneficiaries? Open
Background The long-term duration of post COVID condition (PCC, “Long COVID”) remains unclear. In this study, we estimated the risk of healthcare encounters in Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries for the 12 months post SARS-CoV-2 di…
View article: 1573. Viral Blips While on Antiretroviral Therapy are Associated with Virologic Failure
1573. Viral Blips While on Antiretroviral Therapy are Associated with Virologic Failure Open
Background Blips in HIV viral load (VL) while on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are of unclear clinical significance. In this study, we examined the association between blips and virologic failure (VF). Methods We used data from the US Milit…
View article: 1352. A Precision Medicine Approach to Predicting “Long COVID” through Machine Learning Analysis of Whole Blood Transcriptome Data
1352. A Precision Medicine Approach to Predicting “Long COVID” through Machine Learning Analysis of Whole Blood Transcriptome Data Open
Background Predicting, preventing, and treating post-COVID condition (PCC; “Long COVID) is challenging due to a limited understanding of PCC mechanisms. To address this, we analyzed whole blood transcriptomic data using machine learning to…
View article: 441. Prior SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis is a Risk Factor for Herpes Zoster in Younger Adults: A Nested Case-control Study in the EPICC Cohort
441. Prior SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis is a Risk Factor for Herpes Zoster in Younger Adults: A Nested Case-control Study in the EPICC Cohort Open
Background Prior studies suggest SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) infection and vaccination are risk factors for the development of Herpes Zoster (HZ). We performed a nested case-control study using data from the Epidemiology, Immunology and Clinical Char…
View article: 477. Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Cardiac Complications of SARS-CoV-2 in Youth: Results from the EPICC YES C3 Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Module
477. Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Cardiac Complications of SARS-CoV-2 in Youth: Results from the EPICC YES C3 Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Module Open
Background Few studies have described cardiac sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children across the spectrum of acute COVID-19 disease severity, particularly milder outpatient cases without multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (M…
View article: Decreased Self-reported Physical Fitness Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Impact of Vaccine Boosters in a Cohort Study
Decreased Self-reported Physical Fitness Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Impact of Vaccine Boosters in a Cohort Study Open
Background The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on physical fitness are unclear, and the impact of vaccination on that relationship is uncertain. Methods We compared survey responses in a 1-year study of US military…
View article: Sex Differences in Oxidative Stress–Mediated Reductions in Microvascular Endothelial Function in Young Adult e-Cigarette Users
Sex Differences in Oxidative Stress–Mediated Reductions in Microvascular Endothelial Function in Young Adult e-Cigarette Users Open
BACKGROUND: Chronic electronic-cigarette (EC) use is reported to decrease vascular endothelial function. However, the mechanism(s) mediating this reduction remain unclear. In this study, we examined endothelium- and NO-dependent dilation, …
View article: A human model of asthma exacerbation reveals transcriptional programs and cell circuits specific to allergic asthma
A human model of asthma exacerbation reveals transcriptional programs and cell circuits specific to allergic asthma Open
Asthma is a chronic disease most commonly associated with allergy and type 2 inflammation. However, the mechanisms that link airway inflammation to the structural changes that define asthma are incompletely understood. Using a human model …
View article: Tobacco smoke exposure results in recruitment of inflammatory airspace monocytes and accelerated growth of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>
Tobacco smoke exposure results in recruitment of inflammatory airspace monocytes and accelerated growth of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Open
Tobacco smoking doubles the risk of active tuberculosis (TB) and accounts for up to 20% of all active TB cases globally. How smoking promotes lung microenvironments permissive to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) growth remains incomplete…
View article: 2204. Pathogen Co-infections and Trends in Influenza-like Illness in PAIVED
2204. Pathogen Co-infections and Trends in Influenza-like Illness in PAIVED Open
Background The Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (DoD) (PAIVED) is a multicenter, multiservice study assessing influenza vaccine effectiveness in active-duty service members, retirees, and…
View article: 2206. Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (PAIVED): Updates from Year 4 of a Multi-site Trial
2206. Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (PAIVED): Updates from Year 4 of a Multi-site Trial Open
Background The effectiveness of the influenza vaccine is varies with circulating strain concordance and timing of influenza spread in a community. The Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the DoD (PAIVED) study is a m…
View article: 1392. Associations between Stigma and Physical and Mental Health in the U.S. Military HIV Natural History Study
1392. Associations between Stigma and Physical and Mental Health in the U.S. Military HIV Natural History Study Open
Background Despite increasing attention to HIV-related stigma within the DoD, to date, the majority of research has focused on civilians, up to half of whom report perceived or experienced stigma. However, military service members and reti…
View article: 273. Emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in the Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (PAIVED) Study
273. Emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in the Pragmatic Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the Department of Defense (PAIVED) Study Open
Background Novel SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) variants may differ in epidemiology and clinical impact. PAIVED, a randomized trial comparing the efficacy of 3 different platforms of inactivated influenza vaccines in adult military health system benefi…