Lars Eric Kroll
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View article: Identification of emergencies in the telephone queue and routing to a fast track (FAST): study protocol for a prospective, two-armed cohort study
Identification of emergencies in the telephone queue and routing to a fast track (FAST): study protocol for a prospective, two-armed cohort study Open
Background: In Germany, the telephone patient service 116117 for callers with non-life-threatening health issues is available 24/7. Based on structured initial assessment, urgency and placement of suitable medical care offer have been offe…
View article: Patient Embeddings From Diagnosis Codes for Health Care Prediction Tasks: Pat2Vec Machine Learning Framework
Patient Embeddings From Diagnosis Codes for Health Care Prediction Tasks: Pat2Vec Machine Learning Framework Open
Background In health care, diagnosis codes in claims data and electronic health records (EHRs) play an important role in data-driven decision making. Any analysis that uses a patient’s diagnosis codes to predict future outcomes or describe…
View article: E-German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD): Revision, update and application examples
E-German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD): Revision, update and application examples Open
The GISD provides a valuable tool to analyse socioeconomic inequalities in health conditions, diseases, and their determinants at the regional level.
View article: Patient Embeddings From Diagnosis Codes for Health Care Prediction Tasks: Pat2Vec Machine Learning Framework (Preprint)
Patient Embeddings From Diagnosis Codes for Health Care Prediction Tasks: Pat2Vec Machine Learning Framework (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND In health care, diagnosis codes in claims data and electronic health records (EHRs) play an important role in data-driven decision making. Any analysis that uses a patient’s diagnosis codes to predict future outcomes or describ…
View article: Causal graph analysis of COVID-19 observational data in German districts reveals effects of determining factors on reported case numbers
Causal graph analysis of COVID-19 observational data in German districts reveals effects of determining factors on reported case numbers Open
Several determinants are suspected to be causal drivers for new cases of COVID-19 infection. Correcting for possible confounders, we estimated the effects of the most prominent determining factors on reported case numbers. To this end, we …
View article: Causal analysis of COVID-19 observational data in German districts reveals effects of mobility, awareness, and temperature
Causal analysis of COVID-19 observational data in German districts reveals effects of mobility, awareness, and temperature Open
Mobility, awareness, and weather are suspected to be causal drivers for new cases of COVID-19 infection. Correcting for possible confounders, we estimated their causal effects on reported case numbers. To this end, we used a directed acycl…
View article: Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among the working population: Findings from the cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey
Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among the working population: Findings from the cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey Open
Objectives This study aimed to investigate associations between occupational physical activity patterns (physical work demands linked to job title) and leisure time physical activity (assessed by questionnaire) with cardiorespiratory fitne…
View article: Corrigendum: Regional health differences – developing a socioeconomic deprivation index for Germany
Corrigendum: Regional health differences – developing a socioeconomic deprivation index for Germany Open
[This corrects the article on p. 98-114 in vol. 2.].
View article: Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults in Germany
Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults in Germany Open
Background Studies show that occupational physical activity (OPA) has less health-enhancing effects than leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). The spare data available suggests that OPA rarely includes aerobic PAs with little or no enhanc…
View article: Individual and area-level determinants associated with C-reactive protein as a marker of cardiometabolic risk among adults: Results from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 2008-2011
Individual and area-level determinants associated with C-reactive protein as a marker of cardiometabolic risk among adults: Results from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 2008-2011 Open
Area-level social deprivation is associated with higher systemic inflammation and the potentially mediating role of modifiable risk factors needs further elucidation. Identifying and assessing the source-specific harmful components of ambi…
View article: Social differences in mortality and life expectancy in Germany. Current situation and trends
Social differences in mortality and life expectancy in Germany. Current situation and trends Open
Social differences in mortality and life expectancy are a clear demonstration of the social and health-related inequalities that exist within a particular population. According to data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) for the period ra…
View article: Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Rise of Adult Obesity: A Time-Trend Analysis of National Examination Data from Germany, 1990–2011
Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Rise of Adult Obesity: A Time-Trend Analysis of National Examination Data from Germany, 1990–2011 Open
Objective: Despite extensive study of the obesity epidemic, research on whether obesity has risen faster in lower or in higher socioeconomic groups is inconsistent. This study examined secular trends in obesity prevalence by socioeconomic …
View article: Socioeconomic Inequalities in Total and Site-Specific Cancer Incidence in Germany: A Population-Based Registry Study
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Total and Site-Specific Cancer Incidence in Germany: A Population-Based Registry Study Open
Most chronic diseases follow a socioeconomic gradient with higher rates in lower socioeconomic groups. A growing body of research, however, reveals cancer to be a disease group with very diverse socioeconomic patterning, even demonstrating…
View article: Carbapenem non-susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in hospitals from 2011 to 2016, data from the German Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (ARS)
Carbapenem non-susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in hospitals from 2011 to 2016, data from the German Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (ARS) Open
Background Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is of significant public health concern and recently spread across several countries. We investigated the extent of carbapenem non-susceptibility in K. pneumoniae isolates in German…
View article: Gender inequalities in the association between area deprivation and perceived social support: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis at the municipality level in Germany
Gender inequalities in the association between area deprivation and perceived social support: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis at the municipality level in Germany Open
Objectives To investigate the association between area deprivation at municipality level with low perceived social support, independent of individual socioeconomic position and demographic characteristics. To assess whether there are gende…
View article: Socioeconomic status and subjective social status measurement in KiGGS Wave 2
Socioeconomic status and subjective social status measurement in KiGGS Wave 2 Open
This article describes the method applied to measure socioeconomic status (SES) and subjective social status (SSS) in the current wave of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2), which…
View article: Regional differences in antihyperglycemic medication are not explained by individual socioeconomic status, regional deprivation, and regional health care services. Observational results from the German DIAB-CORE consortium
Regional differences in antihyperglycemic medication are not explained by individual socioeconomic status, regional deprivation, and regional health care services. Observational results from the German DIAB-CORE consortium Open
Neither comprehensive individual factors including socioeconomic status nor regional deprivation or indicators of regional health care services were able to sufficiently explain regional differences in anti-hyperglycemic treatment in Germa…
View article: Regional health differences – developing a socioeconomic deprivation index for Germany
Regional health differences – developing a socioeconomic deprivation index for Germany Open
For Germany, regional differences for various health indicators, which are also associated with socioeconomic factors, have been documented. This article aims to develop a regional socioeconomic deprivation index for Germany that (1) can b…
View article: Individual and Regional Determinants for Physical Therapy Utilization in Germany: Multilevel Analysis of National Survey Data
Individual and Regional Determinants for Physical Therapy Utilization in Germany: Multilevel Analysis of National Survey Data Open
Background. Physical therapy is included in many clinical guidelines and is a commonly used health service. However, access to its benefits should not strongly depend on social or demographic factors. Objective. The present study used the …
View article: Perceived exposure to hazardous working conditions in Germany
Perceived exposure to hazardous working conditions in Germany Open
Data on the prevalence of perceived exposure to hazardous working conditions were gathered for the GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS study using a simple graduated question. Approximately one-fifth of people in employment state that they face serious or…
View article: Construction and Validation of a General Index for Job Demands in Occupations Based on ISCO-88 and KldB-92
Construction and Validation of a General Index for Job Demands in Occupations Based on ISCO-88 and KldB-92 Open
This paper describes the construction and validation of comprehensive scales for overall, physical and psycho-social job demands (ABges, ABphy, ABpsy) that were constructed using a large-scale representative survey from 2006 conducted by t…
View article: Socio-Economic Differences in Life Expectancy. Data Sources in Germany and the Potential of the German Socio-Economic Panel Study
Socio-Economic Differences in Life Expectancy. Data Sources in Germany and the Potential of the German Socio-Economic Panel Study Open
This paper describes the potential for analysing socio-economic inequalities in life expectancy with the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP). It includes a short review of available data sources and recent evidence on inequalities in …
View article: Occupational Injuries in Germany: Population-Wide National Survey Data Emphasize the Importance of Work-Related Factors
Occupational Injuries in Germany: Population-Wide National Survey Data Emphasize the Importance of Work-Related Factors Open
Unintentional injuries cause much of the global mortality burden, with the workplace being a common accident setting. Even in high-income economies, occupational injury figures remain remarkably high. Because risk factors for occupational …