Lars Gamfeldt
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View article: Direct and indirect effects of copepod grazers on community structure
Direct and indirect effects of copepod grazers on community structure Open
Ecological theory and empirical research show that both direct lethal effects and indirect non-lethal effects can structure the composition of communities. While the direct effects of grazers on marine phytoplankton communities are well st…
View article: Quantifying how biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning across space and time in natural marine ecosystems
Quantifying how biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning across space and time in natural marine ecosystems Open
It is well understood that biodiversity is often important for ecosystem functioning but most of the empirical work has taken place on small spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, we need to improve our understanding at larger spatial and…
View article: Macroalgae maintain growth outside their observed distributions: Implications for biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning at landscape scales
Macroalgae maintain growth outside their observed distributions: Implications for biodiversity‐ecosystem functioning at landscape scales Open
The spatial insurance hypothesis states that at landscape scales with environmental variability between different places, biodiversity increases ecosystem functioning if species respond asynchronously to environmental variation, and they a…
View article: Scaling‐up the biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationship: the effect of environmental heterogeneity on transgressive overyielding
Scaling‐up the biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationship: the effect of environmental heterogeneity on transgressive overyielding Open
Knowledge of how biodiversity sustains ecosystem function comes predominantly from studies focused on small spatial scales. Thus, we know relatively little about the role of biodiversity at larger scales of space and time where habitats be…
View article: We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data
We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data Open
Our current, empirical understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function is based on two information sources. First, controlled experiments which show generally positive relationships. Second, observational fiel…
View article: Unique data: We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data (Hagan et al. 2021, Ecology Letters)
Unique data: We should not necessarily expect positive relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in observational field data (Hagan et al. 2021, Ecology Letters) Open
Data on spatial extent was added to the published database from van der Plas (2019, Biological Reviews) and various filters were applied (see publication and Github repository for further details).Github: https://github.com/haganjam/bef_ex…
View article: Stand age and climate influence forest ecosystem service delivery and multifunctionality
Stand age and climate influence forest ecosystem service delivery and multifunctionality Open
We examine how levels of multiple ecosystem services (ESs) change with succession in forests with different tree species composition. More specifically we ask how ecosystem age interacts with environmental conditions to regulate ES deliver…
View article: Habitat diversity and type govern potential nitrogen loss by denitrification in coastal sediments and differences in ecosystem-level diversities of disparate N2O reducing communities
Habitat diversity and type govern potential nitrogen loss by denitrification in coastal sediments and differences in ecosystem-level diversities of disparate N2O reducing communities Open
In coastal sediments, excess nitrogen is removed primarily by denitrification. However, losses in habitat diversity may reduce the functional diversity of microbial communities that drive this important filter function. We examined how hab…
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale Open
Biodiversity is critical for sustaining ecosystem functioning. Our inference, however, is based mainly on studies that have kept spatial scale constant and environmental heterogeneity to a minimum. We thus still know little about how the r…
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale (literature synthesis)
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale (literature synthesis) Open
Biodiversity is critical for sustaining ecosystem functioning. Our inference, however, is based mainly on studies that have kept spatial scale constant and environmental heterogeneity to a minimum. We thus still know little about how the r…
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale (literature synthesis)
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across gradients in spatial scale (literature synthesis) Open
Biodiversity is critical for sustaining ecosystem functioning. Our inference, however, is based mainly on studies that have kept spatial scale constant and environmental heterogeneity to a minimum. We thus still know little about how the r…
View article: How do trees respond to species mixing in experimental compared to observational studies?
How do trees respond to species mixing in experimental compared to observational studies? Open
For decades, ecologists have investigated the effects of tree species diversity on tree productivity at different scales and with different approaches ranging from observational to experimental study designs. Using data from five European …
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems: an IPBES-like assessment. Volume 1. The general overview.
Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems: an IPBES-like assessment. Volume 1. The general overview. Open
This report describes the status and trends of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Nordic region, the drivers and pressures affecting them, interactions and effects on people and society, and options for governance. The main report …
View article: Status and Trends of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function
Status and Trends of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function Open
This chapter provides an overview of the status and trends in biodiversity and ecosystem function through assessment of key species and habitats, and summarizes the ecological status of selected Nordic regions. Important habitats across th…
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems
Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems Open
This report contributes to a Nordic IPBES-like assessment of biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal areas. It is based on ten geographical cases in the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden) and Faroe I…
View article: Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems
Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems Open
This study has been inspired by the methods and procedures from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), to assess and compare information on biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordi…
View article: Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality
Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality Open
Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade‐offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensiv…
View article: Can we predict ecosystem functioning using tightly linked functional gene diversity?
Can we predict ecosystem functioning using tightly linked functional gene diversity? Open
Biodiversity generally affects ecosystem processes, but to what extent detailed knowledge about specific aspects of biodiversity helps us understand and predict specific ecosystem functions is not well-known. We hypothesised that informati…
View article: Habitat diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality—The importance of direct and indirect effects
Habitat diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality—The importance of direct and indirect effects Open
Both habitat diversity and species diversity are important factors in ecosystem productivity and nutrient cycling.
View article: Effects of experimental warming on biodiversity depend on ecosystem type and local species composition
Effects of experimental warming on biodiversity depend on ecosystem type and local species composition Open
Climatic warming is a primary driver of change in ecosystems worldwide. Here, we synthesize responses of species richness and evenness from 187 experimental warming studies in a quantitative meta‐analysis. We asked 1) whether effects of wa…
View article: Diversity of habitats and bacterial communities support landscape-scale multifunctionality differently across seasons
Diversity of habitats and bacterial communities support landscape-scale multifunctionality differently across seasons Open
In this study, we demonstrate how changes in the diversity of habitat and bacterial communities affect landscape multifunctionality. Habitat diversity may beget species diversity by increasing niche availability and resource complementarit…
View article: The influence of balanced and imbalanced resource supply on biodiversity–functioning relationship across ecosystems
The influence of balanced and imbalanced resource supply on biodiversity–functioning relationship across ecosystems Open
Numerous studies show that increasing species richness leads to higher ecosystem productivity. This effect is often attributed to more efficient portioning of multiple resources in communities with higher numbers of competing species, indi…
View article: Multiple dimensions of bacterial diversity unrelated to functioning, stability and multifunctionality
Multiple dimensions of bacterial diversity unrelated to functioning, stability and multifunctionality Open
Bacteria are essential for many ecosystem services but our understanding of factors controlling their functioning is incomplete. While biodiversity has been identified as an important driver of ecosystem processes in macrobiotic communitie…
View article: Appendix B. Six tables showing the results of Newman-Keuls post hoc tests between all grazer treatments for all response variables (initial grazing rate, mid-experiment grazing rate, and final yield of algal biomass) in the closed and in the open communities.
Appendix B. Six tables showing the results of Newman-Keuls post hoc tests between all grazer treatments for all response variables (initial grazing rate, mid-experiment grazing rate, and final yield of algal biomass) in the closed and in the open communities. Open
Six tables showing the results of Newman-Keuls post hoc tests between all grazer treatments for all response variables (initial grazing rate, mid-experiment grazing rate, and final yield of algal biomass) in the closed and in the open comm…
View article: Appendix A. A table presenting the numbers of animals from each species that were included in each of the 12 species compositions used in the experiment, for both the closed and open treatments, for one local pool, and a table showing the mean dry mass for one specimen of each species.
Appendix A. A table presenting the numbers of animals from each species that were included in each of the 12 species compositions used in the experiment, for both the closed and open treatments, for one local pool, and a table showing the mean dry mass for one specimen of each species. Open
A table presenting the numbers of animals from each species that were included in each of the 12 species compositions used in the experiment, for both the closed and open treatments, for one local pool, and a table showing the mean dry mas…
View article: Habitat diversity and multifunctionality
Habitat diversity and multifunctionality Open
Calculated habitat diversity (as a continues variable) and categorical variable. Ecosystem functions; GPP, DIN uptake, Denitrification and N2fixation. Bacterial diversity and microalgal diversity.
View article: Habitat diversity and multifunctionality
Habitat diversity and multifunctionality Open
Calculated habitat diversity (as a continues variable) and categorical variable. Ecosystem functions; GPP, DIN uptake, Denitrification and N2fixation. Bacterial diversity and microalgal diversity.
View article: Biodiversity mediates top–down control in eelgrass ecosystems: a global comparative‐experimental approach
Biodiversity mediates top–down control in eelgrass ecosystems: a global comparative‐experimental approach Open
Nutrient pollution and reduced grazing each can stimulate algal blooms as shown by numerous experiments. But because experiments rarely incorporate natural variation in environmental factors and biodiversity, conditions determining the rel…