Leah H. Rubin
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View article: Microglial reactivity and nodule formation are associated with Synaptodendritic damage in the brains of people with <scp>HIV</scp> ‐1
Microglial reactivity and nodule formation are associated with Synaptodendritic damage in the brains of people with <span>HIV</span> ‐1 Open
Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing systemic HIV replication, neurocognitive impairment (NCI) remains common among people with HIV (PWH). In the pre‐ART era, severe forms such as HIV‐associated de…
View article: Associations Between Specific IADLs And Objective Cognitive Performance In Older Women With HIV
Associations Between Specific IADLs And Objective Cognitive Performance In Older Women With HIV Open
Nearly 30% of people with HIV experience suboptimal cognitive functioning, which is expected to increase as people with HIV age. A subgroup particularly at risk for cognitive impairment is women with HIV which comprise 21% of the HIV popul…
View article: Prevalence and correlates of caregiver burden among carers of older persons living with dementia in rural eastern Uganda
Prevalence and correlates of caregiver burden among carers of older persons living with dementia in rural eastern Uganda Open
There is limited data about caregiver burden among older persons in rural Uganda. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of caregiver burden among carers of older persons with dementia in rural eastern Uganda. A cross‐…
View article: Metabolic changes mediate the link between social determinants and declarative memory in women with and without HIV
Metabolic changes mediate the link between social determinants and declarative memory in women with and without HIV Open
Background Health determinants such as income and employment significantly influence declarative memory in women with HIV (WWH). These social exposures may contribute to cognitive decline through complex biological mechanisms. We used high…
View article: Metabolic changes mediate the link between social determinants and declarative memory in women with and without HIV
Metabolic changes mediate the link between social determinants and declarative memory in women with and without HIV Open
Background Health determinants such as income and employment significantly influence declarative memory in women with HIV (WWH). These social exposures may contribute to cognitive decline through complex biological mechanisms. We used high…
View article: Association Between Loneliness Subtypes and Brain Volume in Older Adults With HIV
Association Between Loneliness Subtypes and Brain Volume in Older Adults With HIV Open
Loneliness is a risk factor for cognitive impairment in older adults, with previous studies noting sex differences in both loneliness and brain volume. However, it remains unclear whether there are sex differences in the types of lonelines…
View article: Putting the PASC Score to the Test: Clinical vs. Statistical Accuracy in Long COVID Diagnosis
Putting the PASC Score to the Test: Clinical vs. Statistical Accuracy in Long COVID Diagnosis Open
Objective To validate the RECOVER Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) score in a cohort of patients who develop long COVID (LC) or fully recover while iteratively improving the tool’s sensitivity and specificity. Methods A c…
View article: Non‐Contrast Assessment of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability to Water: Improved Signal Modeling and Data Acquisition
Non‐Contrast Assessment of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability to Water: Improved Signal Modeling and Data Acquisition Open
Purpose Water‐extraction‐with‐phase‐contrast‐arterial‐spin‐tagging (WEPCAST) MRI is a non‐contrast method to estimate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability to water. Similar to other arterial‐spin‐labeling (ASL) based techniques, sign…
View article: Multiplexing Proteomic and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of Attention/Working Memory in Virally Suppressed Women with HIV: A Feasibility Study
Multiplexing Proteomic and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of Attention/Working Memory in Virally Suppressed Women with HIV: A Feasibility Study Open
Background/Objectives: Individual plasma protein biomarkers have been shown to correlate with cognitive performance in people with HIV (PWH). This study aimed to investigate the association between plasma proteomic signatures and attention…
View article: Neuropathologic findings in a community-based autopsy cohort of older, virally suppressed, people with HIV
Neuropathologic findings in a community-based autopsy cohort of older, virally suppressed, people with HIV Open
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has reduced the incidence of HIV-related mortality, leading to a growing population of older virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH). cART has also decreased the prevalence of HIV-associated demen…
View article: Loneliness is related to facial emotion perception in people with HIV
Loneliness is related to facial emotion perception in people with HIV Open
Loneliness, defined as unmet needs for intimate relationships (emotional loneliness) or larger social connections (social loneliness), is a risk factor for internalizing disorders common among people with HIV (PWH). While loneliness is ass…
View article: Effects of sex steroid hormones on cognition in schizophrenia.
Effects of sex steroid hormones on cognition in schizophrenia. Open
Effects of sex steroid hormones on cognition in schizophrenia.
View article: Cultural adaptation of the facial emotion perception test for use in Zimbabwe: A pilot study
Cultural adaptation of the facial emotion perception test for use in Zimbabwe: A pilot study Open
Background: In African countries, including Zimbabwe, about half of those with depression respond to first-line therapies like problem-solving therapy. Predicting who needs more intensive treatment is challenging. In the US and Europe, too…
View article: 522 CNS complications in women living with HIV: The role of mitochondrial function
522 CNS complications in women living with HIV: The role of mitochondrial function Open
Objectives/Goals: As life expectancy increases in people with HIV, neurocognitive impairment is becoming more common, and women with HIV (WWH) are disproportionately impacted. This work investigated mitochondrial function and oxidative str…
View article: Executive Functioning Training for Reducing Cognitive Intra-Individual Variability in People Living with HIV: A Pilot Randomized, Controlled Trial Protocol
Executive Functioning Training for Reducing Cognitive Intra-Individual Variability in People Living with HIV: A Pilot Randomized, Controlled Trial Protocol Open
This study tests an innovative intervention designed to reduce cognitive IIV; to our knowledge, no other study has targeted cognitive IIV as an intervention outcome.
View article: What happens after menopause? (WHAM): A prospective controlled study of cognition 24 months after premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy
What happens after menopause? (WHAM): A prospective controlled study of cognition 24 months after premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy Open
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (anzctr.org.au); Identifier #: ACTRN12615000082505; URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=363554&isReview=true.
View article: Mental health phenotypes of well-controlled HIV in Uganda
Mental health phenotypes of well-controlled HIV in Uganda Open
Introduction The phenotypic expression of mental health (MH) conditions among people with HIV (PWH) in Uganda and worldwide are heterogeneous. Accordingly, there has been a shift toward identifying MH phenotypes using data-driven methods c…
View article: Examining acquired brain injury-associated symptoms and fluid-based biomarkers in females surviving intimate partner violence: An observational pilot study protocol
Examining acquired brain injury-associated symptoms and fluid-based biomarkers in females surviving intimate partner violence: An observational pilot study protocol Open
Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI), including traumatic brain injury and hypoxic/anoxic injury, presents significant public health concerns; however, existing literature has focused primarily on male populations, such as military pers…
View article: HIV STIGMA AND COGNITION AMONG OLDER WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV
HIV STIGMA AND COGNITION AMONG OLDER WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV Open
Internalized HIV stigma refers to the negative beliefs, feelings, and attitudes that people living with HIV (PLHIV) adopt about themselves due to societal HIV stigma. Internalized HIV stigma negatively impacts mental health. Up to 55% of P…
View article: Plasma Protein Biomarkers for the Cognitive Functions in Women Living with HIV
Plasma Protein Biomarkers for the Cognitive Functions in Women Living with HIV Open
Background Individual plasma protein biomarkers have been shown to correlate with cognitive performance in people with HIV. This study aimed to investigate the association between plasma proteomic signatures and cognition in virologically …
View article: The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV
The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV Open
Background Alterations in brain function and structure, such as depression and neurocognitive impairment, continue to occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The lifespa…
View article: Short and Long-term Body Weight Change Following the Switch to or the Addition of Integrase Inhibitors in Persons With HIV Differs by Sex
Short and Long-term Body Weight Change Following the Switch to or the Addition of Integrase Inhibitors in Persons With HIV Differs by Sex Open
Background Sex-specific, long-term, body weight change in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) following switch to regimens containing integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is unknown. Methods We compared PWH enrolled in…
View article: Intact HIV Reservoir in Monocytes Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Virally Suppressed Women With HIV
Intact HIV Reservoir in Monocytes Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Virally Suppressed Women With HIV Open
Background Monocytes are susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, form HIV reservoirs, and contribute to central nervous system complications (eg, cognitive impairment) in virally suppressed women with HIV (vsWWH). Howe…
View article: CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression
CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression Open
HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment (HIV-NCI) affects 15%-50% of people with HIV (PWH), despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV neuropathogenesis is mediated, in part, by transmigration of infected CD14+CD16+ …
View article: Emotional Loneliness Is Related to Objective Cognitive Function in Older People With HIV in the Washington-Baltimore Area: A Cross-sectional Study
Emotional Loneliness Is Related to Objective Cognitive Function in Older People With HIV in the Washington-Baltimore Area: A Cross-sectional Study Open
Loneliness confers a significant risk to numerous health outcomes, including cognitive impairment. This study assessed the relationship between loneliness subtypes (social and emotional) and cognition in older people with HIV (OPWH ≥ 50 ye…
View article: Hippocampal Availability of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Recent-Onset Psychosis
Hippocampal Availability of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Recent-Onset Psychosis Open
Importance Studies using human postmortem tissue and imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) support a low hippocampal availability of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) in psychotic conditions, particularly in schi…