Lee C. Winchester
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View article: Long-acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine for Treatment of HIV During Pregnancy: A Case Series
Long-acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine for Treatment of HIV During Pregnancy: A Case Series Open
We present pharmacokinetic data on long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine (LA CAB/RPV) from two patients during their second and third trimesters. Monthly LA CAB/RPV dosing maintained concentrations above the proposed efficacy thresholds whi…
View article: Inter‐ and intraindividual variability of long‐acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine pharmacokinetics after 1 year of continuous use
Inter‐ and intraindividual variability of long‐acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine pharmacokinetics after 1 year of continuous use Open
View article: Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV
Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV Open
Whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) is always completely suppressive, or HIV might continue to replicate at low levels despite ART in some people with HIV (PWH), is still debated. Here, we intensified the ART regimen by doubling dolutegra…
View article: Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV
Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV Open
Whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) is always completely suppressive, or HIV might continue to replicate at low levels despite ART in some people with HIV (PWH), is still debated. Here, we intensified the ART regimen by doubling dolutegra…
View article: Author response: Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV
Author response: Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV Open
View article: Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV
Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ART-treated people with HIV Open
Whether antiretroviral therapy (ART) is always completely suppressive, or HIV might continue to replicate at low levels despite ART in some people with HIV (PWH), is still debated. Here, we intensified the ART regimen by doubling dolutegra…
View article: 2.6 – 00158 Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ARTtreated people with HIV
2.6 – 00158 Doubling dolutegravir dosage reduces the viral reservoir in ARTtreated people with HIV Open
View article: Effect of metabolic status on response to SIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in nonhuman primates
Effect of metabolic status on response to SIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in nonhuman primates Open
Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens efficiently limit HIV replication, thereby improving the life expectancy of people living with HIV; however, they also cause metabolic side effects. The ongoing obesity epidemic has resulted in…
View article: In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into CSF, central nervous system cells, tissues, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells
In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into CSF, central nervous system cells, tissues, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells Open
View article: Human bronchopulmonary disposition and plasma pharmacokinetics of oral bemnifosbuvir (AT-527), an experimental guanosine nucleotide prodrug for COVID-19
Human bronchopulmonary disposition and plasma pharmacokinetics of oral bemnifosbuvir (AT-527), an experimental guanosine nucleotide prodrug for COVID-19 Open
Background Bemnifosbuvir (AT-527) is a novel oral guanosine nucleotide antiviral drug for the treatment of persons with COVID-19. Direct assessment of drug disposition in the lungs, via bronchoalveolar lavage, is necessary to ensure antivi…
View article: The anti-HIV drug abacavir stimulates β-catenin activity in osteoblast lineage cells
The anti-HIV drug abacavir stimulates β-catenin activity in osteoblast lineage cells Open
Bone mineral density (BMD) loss in people living with HIV occurs with the initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), particularly with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) containing cART. Switching from TDF to abacavir (ABC) or …
View article: Human bronchopulmonary disposition and plasma pharmacokinetics of oral bemnifosbuvir (AT-527), an experimental guanosine nucleotide prodrug for COVID-19
Human bronchopulmonary disposition and plasma pharmacokinetics of oral bemnifosbuvir (AT-527), an experimental guanosine nucleotide prodrug for COVID-19 Open
Bemnifosbuvir (BEM, AT-527) is a novel oral guanosine nucleotide antiviral drug for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Direct assessment of drug disposition in the lungs, via bronchoalveolar lavage, is necessary to ensure antiviral d…
View article: Preclinical assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system cells and tissues
Preclinical assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system cells and tissues Open
Three years after SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a global infectious threat, the virus has become endemic. The neurological complications such as depression, anxiety, and other CNS complications after COVID-19 disease are increasing. The brain, and…
View article: CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection
CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection Open
Sustainable HIV remission after antiretroviral therapy (ART) withdrawal, or post-treatment control (PTC), remains a top priority for HIV treatment. We observed surprising PTC in an MHC-haplomatched cohort of MHC-M3+ SIVmac239+ Mauritian cy…
View article: Quantification of nine antiretroviral drugs in cerebrospinal fluid: An approach to overcome sample collection tube adsorption
Quantification of nine antiretroviral drugs in cerebrospinal fluid: An approach to overcome sample collection tube adsorption Open
View article: An Efficient Humanized Mouse Model for Oral Anti-Retroviral Administration
An Efficient Humanized Mouse Model for Oral Anti-Retroviral Administration Open
HIV anti-retrovirals (ARVs) have vastly improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, toxic effects attributed to long-term ARV use also contribute to HIV-related co-morbidities such as heart disease, bone loss an…
View article: CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques
CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques Open
Sustainable HIV remission after antiretroviral therapy (ART) withdrawal, or post-treatment control (PTC), remains a top priority for HIV treatment. We observed surprising PTC in an MHC-haplomatched cohort of MHC-M3+ SIVmac239+ Mauritian cy…
View article: Effect of double-dose levonorgestrel subdermal implant in women taking efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy: The DoubLNG pharmacokinetic study
Effect of double-dose levonorgestrel subdermal implant in women taking efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy: The DoubLNG pharmacokinetic study Open
In women using ART containing efavirenz, placing two implant systems (300 mg) did not normalize LNG pharmacokinetics compared with the standard-dose implant (150 mg), and some women had evidence of ovulatory activity. Alternative ART witho…
View article: Pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel and etonogestrel contraceptive implants over 48 weeks with rilpivirine- or darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy
Pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel and etonogestrel contraceptive implants over 48 weeks with rilpivirine- or darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy Open
Background Pharmacokinetic data are lacking for progestin-releasing subdermal contraceptive implants when used with either rilpivirine- or darunavir/ritonavir-based ART. Objectives To characterize the pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel or le…
View article: Cross-validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography nevirapine plasma assay in a resource-limited setting in Zimbabwe
Cross-validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography nevirapine plasma assay in a resource-limited setting in Zimbabwe Open
An international HIV pharmacology specialty laboratory (PSL) was established at the University of Zimbabwe to increase bioanalytical and investigator capacities. Quantitation of plasma nevirapine in samples from the AIDS Clinical Trials Gr…
View article: Intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of antiretroviral drugs, compared with oral, enhances delivery to lymphoid tissues in BALB/c mice
Intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of antiretroviral drugs, compared with oral, enhances delivery to lymphoid tissues in BALB/c mice Open
Background Multiple tissue reservoirs are established soon after HIV infection, and some tissues may also be pharmacological sanctuaries. Parenteral administration of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treatment and prevention of HIV infection…
View article: Antiretroviral Drug Transporters and Metabolic Enzymes in Circulating Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages of ART-Treated People Living With HIV and HIV-Uninfected Individuals
Antiretroviral Drug Transporters and Metabolic Enzymes in Circulating Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages of ART-Treated People Living With HIV and HIV-Uninfected Individuals Open
Membrane-associated drug transport proteins and drug metabolic enzymes could regulate intracellular antiretroviral (ARV) drug concentrations in HIV-1 target cells such as myeloid cells. We investigated the expression of these transporters …
View article: Hepatocytic transcriptional signatures predict comparative drug interaction potential of rifamycin antibiotics
Hepatocytic transcriptional signatures predict comparative drug interaction potential of rifamycin antibiotics Open
Current strategies to treat tuberculosis (TB) and co-morbidities involve multidrug combination therapies. Rifamycin antibiotics are a key component of TB therapy and a common source of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) due to induction of drug…
View article: The Lymphoid Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Tenofovir Alafenamide in HIV‐Infected Persons
The Lymphoid Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Tenofovir Alafenamide in HIV‐Infected Persons Open
The secondary lymphoid tissues (LT), lymph nodes (LN) and gut‐associated lymphoid tissue are the primary sites of HIV replication and where the latent pool of virus is maintained. We compared the pharmacokinetics of tenofovir disoproxil fu…
View article: Semen Extracellular Vesicles From HIV-1–Infected Individuals Inhibit HIV-1 Replication In Vitro, and Extracellular Vesicles Carry Antiretroviral Drugs In Vivo
Semen Extracellular Vesicles From HIV-1–Infected Individuals Inhibit HIV-1 Replication In Vitro, and Extracellular Vesicles Carry Antiretroviral Drugs In Vivo Open
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles with diverse functions in intercellular communication including disease and infection, and EVs seem to influence HIV-1 pathogenesis. EVs isolated from HIV-1–uninfected seme…
View article: Enhancing antiretroviral drug penetration into lymph nodes through intramuscular and subcutaneous routes of administration in BALB/c mice
Enhancing antiretroviral drug penetration into lymph nodes through intramuscular and subcutaneous routes of administration in BALB/c mice Open
View article: Assessing the lymphoid tissue bioavailability of antiretrovirals in human primary lymphoid endothelial cells and in mice
Assessing the lymphoid tissue bioavailability of antiretrovirals in human primary lymphoid endothelial cells and in mice Open
Background The secondary lymphoid tissues (LTs), lymph nodes (LNs) and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) are considered reservoirs for HIV. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) have lower penetration into LT. In vitro models predictive of ARV LT pen…
View article: Adipocytes impair efficacy of antiretroviral therapy
Adipocytes impair efficacy of antiretroviral therapy Open
View article: Normalization of cell associated antiretroviral drug concentrations with a novel RPP30 droplet digital PCR assay
Normalization of cell associated antiretroviral drug concentrations with a novel RPP30 droplet digital PCR assay Open
View article: Assessing antiretroviral drug (ARV) bioavailability in HIV tissue reservoirs using in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with human primary lymphoid endothelial cells and mice
Assessing antiretroviral drug (ARV) bioavailability in HIV tissue reservoirs using in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with human primary lymphoid endothelial cells and mice Open