Liisa Hämäläinen
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View article: Complementary approaches to measure predation pressure on butterfly populations in Australia
Complementary approaches to measure predation pressure on butterfly populations in Australia Open
Predation pressure is a major force driving the evolution of anti-predatory traits, yet quantifying its intensity in the wild remains difficult. In this study, we combined three complementary methods to evaluate predation risk in Australia…
View article: Sexual differences in defensive strategies: investigating chemical defences and visual signals in a wasp moth <i>Amata nigriceps</i>
Sexual differences in defensive strategies: investigating chemical defences and visual signals in a wasp moth <i>Amata nigriceps</i> Open
Aposematic animals use conspicuous warning signals to advertise their chemical defences to predators. Selection by predators can favour conspicuousness and large pattern elements, which enhance predator avoidance learning. In aposematic sp…
View article: Cognitive ecology of surprise in predator–prey interactions
Cognitive ecology of surprise in predator–prey interactions Open
In this review, we relate theoretical work on the importance of surprise in cognition to empirical research relevant to surprise in predator–prey interactions. There have been multiple proposals as to how surprise should be defined and qua…
View article: Predator selection on multicomponent warning signals in an aposematic moth
Predator selection on multicomponent warning signals in an aposematic moth Open
Aposematic prey advertise their unprofitability with conspicuous warning signals that are often composed of multiple color patterns. Many species show intraspecific variation in these patterns even though selection is expected to favor inv…
View article: The evolution and ecology of multiple antipredator defences
The evolution and ecology of multiple antipredator defences Open
Prey seldom rely on a single type of antipredator defence, often using multiple defences to avoid predation. In many cases, selection in different contexts may favour the evolution of multiple defences in a prey. However, a prey may use mu…
View article: Additive genetic variation, but not temperature, influences warning signal expression in <i>Amata nigriceps</i> moths (Lepidoptera: Arctiinae)
Additive genetic variation, but not temperature, influences warning signal expression in <i>Amata nigriceps</i> moths (Lepidoptera: Arctiinae) Open
Many aposematic species show variation in their color patterns even though selection by predators is expected to stabilize warning signals toward a common phenotype. Warning signal variability can be explained by trade‐offs with other func…
View article: Social information use by predators: expanding the information ecology of prey defences
Social information use by predators: expanding the information ecology of prey defences Open
Social information use is well documented across the animal kingdom, but how it influences ecological and evolutionary processes is only just beginning to be investigated. Here we evaluate how social transmission may influence species inte…
View article: Social transmission in the wild can reduce predation pressure on novel prey signals
Social transmission in the wild can reduce predation pressure on novel prey signals Open
View article: Seeing red? Colour biases of foraging birds are context dependent
Seeing red? Colour biases of foraging birds are context dependent Open
View article: The signal detection problem of aposematic prey revisited: integrating prior social and personal experience
The signal detection problem of aposematic prey revisited: integrating prior social and personal experience Open
Ever since Alfred R. Wallace suggested brightly coloured, toxic insects warn predators about their unprofitability, evolutionary biologists have searched for an explanation of how these aposematic prey evolve and are maintained in natural …
View article: Social learning within and across predator species reduces attacks on novel aposematic prey
Social learning within and across predator species reduces attacks on novel aposematic prey Open
To make adaptive foraging decisions, predators need to gather information about the profitability of prey. As well as learning from prey encounters, recent studies show that predators can learn about prey defences by observing the negative…
View article: Maatalousalueiden virtavesien tilan parantaminen – menetelmiä ja suosituksia
Maatalousalueiden virtavesien tilan parantaminen – menetelmiä ja suosituksia Open
Joulukuussa 2018 julkaistussa valtakunnallisessa luontotyyppien uhanalaisuuden arvioinnissa Suomen purojen tila arvioitiin koko maan tasolla heikoksi. Huonoin tilanne on savimaiden uomilla, jotka sijaitsevat pitkään maatalouskäytössä ollei…
View article: Research data supporting "Social learning within and across predator species reduces attacks on novel aposematic prey"
Research data supporting "Social learning within and across predator species reduces attacks on novel aposematic prey" Open
This data is from the experiment that investigated how wild-caught blue tits and great tits use conspecific and heterospecific information about unpalatable prey, published at the Journal of Animal Ecology (2020). The experiment was conduc…
View article: Predators’ consumption of unpalatable prey does not vary as a function of bitter taste perception
Predators’ consumption of unpalatable prey does not vary as a function of bitter taste perception Open
Many prey species contain defensive chemicals that are described as tasting bitter. Bitter taste perception is, therefore, assumed to be important when predators are learning about prey defenses. However, it is not known how individuals di…
View article: The effect of social information from live demonstrators compared to video playback on blue tit foraging decisions
The effect of social information from live demonstrators compared to video playback on blue tit foraging decisions Open
Video playback provides a promising method to study social interactions, and the number of video playback experiments has been growing in recent years. Using videos has advantages over live individuals as it increases the repeatability of …
View article: Predators vs. Prey: The information ecology of warning signals
Predators vs. Prey: The information ecology of warning signals Open
Explaining the origin and maintenance of aposematism has remained a challenge for evolutionary biologists because conspicuous warning signals are predicted to have a high initial predation cost before predators learn to avoid them. Most pr…
View article: Social information use about novel aposematic prey is not influenced by a predator's previous experience with toxins
Social information use about novel aposematic prey is not influenced by a predator's previous experience with toxins Open
Aposematism is an effective antipredator strategy. However, the initial evolution and maintenance of aposematism are paradoxical because conspicuous prey are vulnerable to attack by naïve predators. Consequently, the evolution of aposemati…
View article: Research data supporting "Social information use about novel aposematic prey is not influenced by a predator’s previous experience with toxins"
Research data supporting "Social information use about novel aposematic prey is not influenced by a predator’s previous experience with toxins" Open
This data is from the experiment investigating social avoidance learning in wild-caught great tits, conducted at Konnevesi Research Station in Central Finland during winter 2017. Sheet 1 (“main data”) contains data from the main avoidance …
View article: The effect of social information from live demonstrators compared to video playback on blue tit foraging decisions.
The effect of social information from live demonstrators compared to video playback on blue tit foraging decisions. Open
Video playback provides a promising method to study social interactions, and the number of video playback experiments has been growing in recent years. Using videos has advantages over live individuals as it increases the repeatability of …
View article: Can video playback provide social information for foraging blue tits?
Can video playback provide social information for foraging blue tits? Open
Video playback is becoming a common method for manipulating social stimuli in experiments. Parid tits are one of the most commonly studied groups of wild birds. However, it is not yet clear if tits respond to video playback or how their be…