Lily H. Kim
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View article: The immunological landscape of traumatic brain injury: insights from pathophysiology to experimental models
The immunological landscape of traumatic brain injury: insights from pathophysiology to experimental models Open
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex, heterogeneous neuropathological disease that continues to be among the prominent causes of mortality and disability around the world. Translational success in TBI has been significant, yet therapi…
View article: Spatially Encoded Oncogenesis and Transcriptional Plasticity in Meningioma: Drivers of Therapeutic Resistance and Opportunities for Targeted Intervention
Spatially Encoded Oncogenesis and Transcriptional Plasticity in Meningioma: Drivers of Therapeutic Resistance and Opportunities for Targeted Intervention Open
Whilst typically benign, a subset of meningiomas displays aggressive and recurrent behavior. There is a paucity of reliable treatment options for this subset of patients and a relative lack of consensus on how to best manage these patients…
View article: Malignant transformation of cervical ganglioglioma to glioblastoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case
Malignant transformation of cervical ganglioglioma to glioblastoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case Open
BACKGROUND Gangliogliomas are low-grade gliomas typically found in the temporal lobes with a low rate of malignant transformation. In rare cases, they may be found in the spinal axis. OBSERVATIONS An 8-year-old boy presented with 2 months …
View article: Supplementary Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression
Supplementary Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression Open
Supplementary figures
View article: Intracranial Gunshot Wounds: An Assessment of Patient Characteristics on Surgical Outcomes
Intracranial Gunshot Wounds: An Assessment of Patient Characteristics on Surgical Outcomes Open
Although these findings must be interpreted in the context of the limitations inherent to studies using national administrative data, the current study provides additional insight into the relationship between patient characteristics and o…
View article: Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression
Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression Open
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates. The complex immune microenvironment of GBM is highly infiltrated by tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAM). TAMs are known to be…
View article: Supplementary Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression
Supplementary Data from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression Open
Supplementary figures
View article: Supplemental Materials and Methods from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression
Supplemental Materials and Methods from Tumor-Associated Microglia Secrete Extracellular ATP to Support Glioblastoma Progression Open
Supp M&M
View article: Figure S4 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S4 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S4: Ccr6-/- Tregs have reduced glycolysis compared to WT Tregs.
View article: Figure S3 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S3 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S3: Ccr6-/- Tregs are transcriptionally and metabolically distinct from WT Tregs.
View article: Figure S5 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S5 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S5: Ccr6 ablation reduces Treg immunosuppression of CD8 T cells in the context of tumor growth.
View article: Figure S2 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S2 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S2: CCR6 expression is enhanced in tumor-infiltrating Tregs co-expressing checkpoints and Ccr6 ablation reduces immunosuppressive phenotype.
View article: Figure S6 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S6 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S6: Ccr6 ablation delays tumor growth across multiple tumor models and CCR6CCL20 expression correlates with overall survival in cancer patients.
View article: Data from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Data from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are important players in the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanisms behind their immunosuppressive effects are poorly understood. We found that CCR6–CCL20 activity in tumor-infiltrating Tregs is associate…
View article: Figure S1 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors
Figure S1 from The CCR6–CCL20 Axis Promotes Regulatory T-cell Glycolysis and Immunosuppression in Tumors Open
Figure S1: CCR6 and CCL20 expression is increased in multiple tumors.
View article: Revisiting glioblastoma classification through an immunological lens: A narrative review
Revisiting glioblastoma classification through an immunological lens: A narrative review Open
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by a high recurrence rate, significant heterogeneity, and poor prognosis. While there has been a shift in recent years to focus on molecular phenotyping, there are limited data regarding the relationship…
View article: The landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitor clinical trials in glioblastoma: A systematic review
The landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitor clinical trials in glioblastoma: A systematic review Open
Background Glioblastoma is characterized by rapid tumor growth and high invasiveness. The tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma is highly immunosuppressive with both intrinsic and adaptive resistance mechanisms that result in disease recu…
View article: Incorporating patient-centered quality-of-life measures for outcome assessment after Chiari malformation type I decompression in a pediatric population: a pilot study
Incorporating patient-centered quality-of-life measures for outcome assessment after Chiari malformation type I decompression in a pediatric population: a pilot study Open
OBJECTIVE Optimal management of pediatric Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is much debated, chiefly due to the lack of validated tools for outcome assessment, with very few tools incorporating patient-centered measures of health-related q…
View article: Defining and describing treatment heterogeneity in new-onset idiopathic lower back and extremity pain through reconstruction of longitudinal care sequences
Defining and describing treatment heterogeneity in new-onset idiopathic lower back and extremity pain through reconstruction of longitudinal care sequences Open
Surgically-managed LBP and LEP care sequences demonstrate high heterogeneity despite established practice guidelines. Outlier sequences associated with high opioid usage and costs can be identified and are characterized by increased early …
View article: Artificial intelligence for automatic cerebral ventricle segmentation and volume calculation: a clinical tool for the evaluation of pediatric hydrocephalus
Artificial intelligence for automatic cerebral ventricle segmentation and volume calculation: a clinical tool for the evaluation of pediatric hydrocephalus Open
OBJECTIVE Imaging evaluation of the cerebral ventricles is important for clinical decision-making in pediatric hydrocephalus. Although quantitative measurements of ventricular size, over time, can facilitate objective comparison, automated…
View article: Deep Learning for Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor Detection and Classification: A Multi-Institutional Study
Deep Learning for Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor Detection and Classification: A Multi-Institutional Study Open
We present a multi-institutional deep learning model for pediatric posterior fossa tumor detection and classification with the potential to augment and improve the accuracy of radiologic diagnosis.
View article: Utilization of Novel High-Resolution, MRI-Based Vascular Imaging Modality for Preoperative Stereoelectroencephalography Planning in Children: A Technical Note
Utilization of Novel High-Resolution, MRI-Based Vascular Imaging Modality for Preoperative Stereoelectroencephalography Planning in Children: A Technical Note Open
Introduction: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is a powerful intracranial diagnostic tool that requires accurate imaging for proper electrode trajectory planning to ensure efficacy and maximize patient safety. Computed tomography (CT) a…
View article: <p>Robotic-Assisted Spine Surgery: History, Efficacy, Cost, And Future Trends [Corrigendum]</p>
Robotic-Assisted Spine Surgery: History, Efficacy, Cost, And Future Trends [Corrigendum] Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/RSRR.S190720.].
View article: Outcomes After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Versus Stand-Alone Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Meta-Analysis
Outcomes After Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Versus Stand-Alone Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Meta-Analysis Open
Study Design: Systemic review and meta-analysis. Objectives: To review and compare surgical outcomes for patients undergoing stand-alone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) versus cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) for the treatme…
View article: Patterns of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use in Opioid-Naïve Patients with Newly Diagnosed Low Back and Lower Extremity Pain
Patterns of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use in Opioid-Naïve Patients with Newly Diagnosed Low Back and Lower Extremity Pain Open
View article: <p>Robotic-Assisted Spine Surgery: History, Efficacy, Cost, And Future Trends</p>
Robotic-Assisted Spine Surgery: History, Efficacy, Cost, And Future Trends Open
Robot-assisted spine surgery has recently emerged as a viable tool to enable less invasive and higher precision surgery. The first-ever spine robot, the SpineAssist (Mazor Robotics Ltd., Caesarea, Israel), gained FDA approval in 2004. With…
View article: Stereotactic laser ablation for completion corpus callosotomy
Stereotactic laser ablation for completion corpus callosotomy Open
OBJECTIVE Completion corpus callosotomy can offer further remission from disabling seizures when a prior partial corpus callosotomy has failed and residual callosal tissue is identified on imaging. Traditional microsurgical approaches to s…
View article: Patterns of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use in Opioid-Naïve Patients With Newly Diagnosed Low Back and Lower Extremity Pain
Patterns of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use in Opioid-Naïve Patients With Newly Diagnosed Low Back and Lower Extremity Pain Open
INTRODUCTION: The morbidity and mortality associated with opioid and benzodiazepine co-prescribing is a pressing national concern. The aim of this work was to characterize patterns of opioid and benzodiazepine prescribing among opioid-naïv…
View article: Reduced field of view echo-planar imaging diffusion tensor MRI for pediatric spinal tumors
Reduced field of view echo-planar imaging diffusion tensor MRI for pediatric spinal tumors Open
OBJECTIVE Spine MRI is a diagnostic modality for evaluating pediatric CNS tumors. Applying diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to the spine poses challenges due to intrinsic spinal anatomy that exacerbates variou…
View article: Transnasal endoscopic approach for pediatric skull base lesions: a case series
Transnasal endoscopic approach for pediatric skull base lesions: a case series Open
OBJECTIVE Transnasal endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches constitute an essential technique for the resection of skull base tumors in adults. However, in the pediatric population, sellar and suprasellar lesions have historically been trea…