Explanipedia

Neighborhood deprivation and midlife cognition: Evidence of a modifiable vascular pathway involving health behaviors and cerebral small vessel disease Open

Audrey Low, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Georgios Ntailianis, Maria A Prats‐Sedano, Elizabeth McKiernan , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Neighborhood deprivation increases dementia risk, although mechanisms remain unclear. We tested a framework in which modifiable risk factors and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) mediate the link between neighborhood depriva…

Hypothalamic volume, sleep, and <i>APOE</i> genotype in cognitively healthy adults Open

A. Laurell, Elijah Mak, Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Benjamin R. Underwood, Yves Dauvilliers , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION Sleep dysfunction in those at higher risk of dementia may be associated with early structural changes to the hypothalamus. METHODS We used multivariate regression to analyze self‐reported sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index …

General anaesthesia decreases the uniqueness of brain functional connectivity across individuals and species Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Daniel Golkowski, Andreas Ranft, Rüdiger Ilg, Denis Jordan , et al. · 2025

Typical and disrupted small-world architecture and regional communication in full-term and preterm infants Open

Huiqing Hu, Peter Coppola, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Lorina Naçi · 2025

Understanding the emergence of complex cognition in the neonate is one of the great frontiers of cognitive neuroscience. In the adult brain, small-world organization enables efficient information segregation and integration and dynamic ada…

The pivotal role of sleep in mediating the effects of life stressors and healthy habits on allostatic load in mid-life adults Open

Ingrid Buller‐Peralta, Sarah Gregory, Audrey Low, Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Katie Bridgeman , et al. · 2024

Objectives We assessed the modulation of allostatic load (AL) by engagement in healthy habits and life stressors, mediated through resilience and the perceived influence of the stressors. Sleep was included as third mediator given extensiv…

Diminished functional gradient of the precuneus during altered states of consciousness Open

Dian Lyu, R. Adapa, Robin Carhart‐Harris, Leor Roseman, Adrian M. Owen , et al. · 2024

The relationship between the default mode network (DMN) and task-positive networks, such as the frontoparietal control network (FPCN), is a prominent feature of functional connectivity (FC) in the human brain. This relationship is primaril…

APOE‐ε4 associations with smartphone‐based cognitive markers Open

Anna Marie Rosická, Sol Fittipaldi, Eoghan Gallagher, Anna K Hanlon, Agustín Ibáñez , et al. · 2024

Background Smartphone‐based assessments are a promising tool for early detection of cognitive decline in midlife. Previous research has shown such cognitive markers can be sensitive to a range of potentially modifiable dementia risk factor…

APOE‐ε4 is associated with poor sleep and structural differences of the hypothalamus in the PREVENT‐Dementia and ALFA cohort studies Open

A. Laurell, Elijah Mak, Benjamin R. Underwood, Yves Dauvilliers, Karen Ritchie , et al. · 2024

Background Sleep disturbances have been identified as a risk factor for developing dementia. The hypothalamus is involved in sleep regulation and may be affected early by neurodegeneration. Our aim was to investigate the relationship betwe…

Brain‐based predictions of cardiovascular risk factors in midlife populations at risk of dementia Open

Bolin Cao, Feng Deng, Qing Qi, Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Graciela Muñiz‐Terrera , et al. · 2024

Background Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a significant public health concern, with midlife emerging as a critical period for preventive intervention (Livingston, 2017). Dementia's heterogeneity renders single risk fac…

Sex differences in the relationship between cognition and brain structure in midlife individuals at risk for future dementia Open

Qing Qi, Feng Deng, Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Graciela Muñiz‐Terrera, Ivan Koychev , et al. · 2024

Background Two‐thirds of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) cases occur in women. Compared to men, women exhibit more rapid cognitive decline and brain atrophy in the presence of AD‐related neuropathology (Gamache et al., 2020). It is now acknowledg…

APOE‐ε4 associations with smartphone‐based cognitive markers Open

Anna Marie Rosická, Sol Fittipaldi, Eoghan Gallagher, Anna K Hanlon, Agustín Ibáñez , et al. · 2024

Background Smartphone‐based assessments are a promising tool for early detection of cognitive decline in midlife. Previous research has shown such cognitive markers can be sensitive to a range of potentially modifiable dementia risk factor…

Associations between sex and lifestyle activities with cognitive reserve in mid-life adults with genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease Open

Qing Qi, Feng Deng, Rebecca Sammon, Karen Ritchie, Graciela Muñiz‐Terrera , et al. · 2024

Our findings suggest that occupational attainment in mid-life contributes to cognitive reserve against inherited risk of dementia in females, but not males. They highlight the need for high precision approaches that consider biological sex…

The neural correlates of shared and individual experience Open

Peter Coppola, Adrian M. Owen, David Menon, Lorina Naçi, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis · 2024

Contemporary neuroscience research typically focuses on shared contents of experience and common neural states. Conversely, we set out to explore the neural correlates of individual-specific experiences that shape the distinct traits of ea…

Modifiable dementia risk factors associated with objective and subjective cognition Open

Anna Marie Rosická, Vanessa Teckentrup, Sol Fittipaldi, Agustín Ibáñez, Andrew Pringle , et al. · 2024

INTRODUCTION Early detection of both objective and subjective cognitive impairment is important. Subjective complaints in healthy individuals can precede objective deficits. However, the differential associations of objective and subjectiv…

Dynamical structure-function correlations provide robust and generalizable signatures of consciousness in humans Open

Pablo Castro, Andrea I. Luppi, Enzo Tagliazucchi, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Lorina Naçi , et al. · 2024

Cardiovascular risk of dementia is associated with brain–behaviour changes in cognitively healthy, middle-aged individuals Open

Feng Deng, Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Emanuele R. G. Plini, Karen Ritchie, Graciela Muñiz‐Terrera , et al. · 2024

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) neuropathology start decades before clinical manifestations, but whether risk factors are associated with early cognitive and brain changes in midlife remains poorly understood. We examined whether AD risk factors …

Neuroimaging and Clinical Findings in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the PREVENT Dementia Study Open

Audrey Low, Elizabeth McKiernan, Maria A Prats‐Sedano, Stephen F. Carter, James D. Stefaniak , et al. · 2024

Importance Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) represent an important, potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia. Despite frequently observed vascular imaging changes in individuals with TBI, the relationships between TBI-associated chang…

Texture‐based morphometry in relation to apolipoprotein ε4 genotype, ageing and sex in a midlife population Open

Maria‐Eleni Dounavi, Elijah Mak, Grégory Operto, Graciela Muñiz‐Terrera, Katie Bridgeman , et al. · 2024

Brain atrophy and cortical thinning are typically observed in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and, to a lesser extent, in those with mild cognitive impairment. In asymptomatic middle‐aged apolipoprotein ε4 (ΑPOE4) carriers, who are at…

A synergistic workspace for human consciousness revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard , et al. · 2024

How is the information-processing architecture of the human brain organised, and how does its organisation support consciousness? Here, we combine network science and a rigorous information-theoretic notion of synergy to delineate a ‘syner…

Author response: A synergistic workspace for human consciousness revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard , et al. · 2024

Systematic evaluation of fMRI data-processing pipelines for consistent functional connectomics Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Helena M. Gellersen, Zhen-Qi Liu, Alexander R. D. Peattie, Anne E. Manktelow , et al. · 2024

Functional interactions between brain regions can be viewed as a network, enabling neuroscientists to investigate brain function through network science. Here, we systematically evaluate 768 data-processing pipelines for network reconstruc…

A thalamic perspective of (un)consciousness in pharmacological and pathological states in humans Open

Dorottya Szocs, Dian Lyu, Andrea I. Luppi, Peter Coppola, Rebecca Woodrow , et al. · 2024

Summary Currently, there is substantial ongoing discussion around the functional role of the thalamus in consciousness. What is missing in the literature, however, is a systematic investigation of the relevance of specific thalamic nuclei …

Advancements in dementia research, diagnostics, and care in Latin America: Highlights from the 2023 Alzheimer's Association International conference satellite symposium in Mexico City Open

Ana Luisa Sosa, Sonia MD Brucki, Lucía Crivelli, Francisco Lopera, Daisy M Acosta , et al. · 2024

INTRODUCTION While Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care. METHODS In 2023, the Alzheimer's Associa…

Author response: A Synergistic Workspace for Human Consciousness Revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open

Andrea I. Luppi, Pedro A. M. Mediano, Fernando E. Rosas, Judith Allanson, John D. Pickard , et al. · 2024

A central goal of neuroscience is to understand how the brain orchestrates information from multiple input streams into a unified conscious experience. Here, we address two fundamental questions: how is the human information-processing arc…

A Synergistic Workspace for Human Consciousness Revealed by Integrated Information Decomposition Open