Lynne M. Reder
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View article: Wrong question: Is the hippocampus involved when the memory task depends on formation of new associations?
Wrong question: Is the hippocampus involved when the memory task depends on formation of new associations? Open
The discussion paper by Steinkrauss and Slotnick entitled "is implicit memory associated with hippocampus?" aims to salvage the memory-systems view by challenging evidence from fMRI studies showing hippocampal activity during implicit memo…
View article: Sequential study effects of free time and word frequency in long-term memory: A critical test of four theories using a large-scale publicly available dataset
Sequential study effects of free time and word frequency in long-term memory: A critical test of four theories using a large-scale publicly available dataset Open
A recent theory proposes that storing information in long-term memory depletes a limited resource which recovers gradually over time. Here, we provide a critical test of this theory by showing that free recall is worse if a word is precede…
View article: Midazolam and Ketamine Produce Distinct Neural Changes in Memory, Pain, and Fear Networks during Pain
Midazolam and Ketamine Produce Distinct Neural Changes in Memory, Pain, and Fear Networks during Pain Open
Background Despite the well-known clinical effects of midazolam and ketamine, including sedation and memory impairment, the neural mechanisms of these distinct drugs in humans are incompletely understood. The authors hypothesized that both…
View article: Frequency effects in recognition and recall
Frequency effects in recognition and recall Open
Stimulus frequency, which is often evaluated using normative word frequency, is among the variables that have the most diverse and puzzling effects on memory. Word frequency can either facilitate or impair memory performance depending on t…
View article: Neutral auditory words immediately followed by painful electric shock show reduced next-day recollection
Neutral auditory words immediately followed by painful electric shock show reduced next-day recollection Open
In this study, we investigated the effect of experimentally delivered acute pain on explicit and implicit memory. Twenty-five subjects participated in experimental sessions on consecutive days. The first session involved a categorization t…
View article: Greater discrimination difficulty during perceptual learning leads to stronger and more distinct representations
Greater discrimination difficulty during perceptual learning leads to stronger and more distinct representations Open
Despite the conventional wisdom that it is more difficult to find a target among similar distractors, this study demonstrates that the advantage of searching for a target among dissimilar distractors is short-lived, and that high target-to…
View article: Forgetting Is a Feature, Not a Bug: Intentionally Forgetting Some Things Helps Us Remember Others by Freeing Up Working Memory Resources
Forgetting Is a Feature, Not a Bug: Intentionally Forgetting Some Things Helps Us Remember Others by Freeing Up Working Memory Resources Open
In the present study, we used an item-method directed-forgetting paradigm to test whether instructions to forget or remember one item affect memory for subsequently studied items. In two experiments ( Ns = 138 and 33, respectively), recall…
View article: Memory resources recover gradually over time: The effects of word-frequency, presentation rate and list-composition on binding errors and mnemonic precision in source memory
Memory resources recover gradually over time: The effects of word-frequency, presentation rate and list-composition on binding errors and mnemonic precision in source memory Open
Normative word frequency has played a key role in the study of human memory, but there is little agreement as to the mechanism responsible for its effects. To determine whether word frequency affects binding probability or memory precision…
View article: Memory for non-painful auditory items is influenced by whether they are experienced in a context involving painful electrical stimulation
Memory for non-painful auditory items is influenced by whether they are experienced in a context involving painful electrical stimulation Open
In this study, we sought to examine the effect of pain on memory. Subjects heard a series of words and made categorization decisions in two different contexts. One context included painful shocks administered just after presentation of som…
View article: Forgetting is a Feature, not a Bug: Intentionally Forgetting Some Things Helps Us Remember Others by Freeing up Working Memory Resources
Forgetting is a Feature, not a Bug: Intentionally Forgetting Some Things Helps Us Remember Others by Freeing up Working Memory Resources Open
We used an item-method directed forgetting paradigm to test whether instructions to forget or to remember one item in a list affects memory for the subsequent item in that list. In two experiments, we found that free and cued recall were h…
View article: Frequency Effects on Memory: A Resource-Limited Theory
Frequency Effects on Memory: A Resource-Limited Theory Open
We present a review of frequency effects in memory, accompanied by a theory of memory, according to which the storage of new information in long-term memory (LTM) depletes a limited pool of working memory (WM) resources as an inverse funct…
View article: The Size of The Fan Effect:Process not Representation
The Size of The Fan Effect:Process not Representation Open
The size of fan effects is determined by processes at retrieval, not by whether or not information is represented as situations. Evidence contradicts Radvansky's (in press) claim that time to retrieve information from a situation does not …
View article: Moses Illusion: Implication for Human Cognition
Moses Illusion: Implication for Human Cognition Open
When asked, "How many animals did Moses take on the Ark?" most people respond, "two", even though they know that it was Noah, not Moses, who took the animals on the Ark. When a term in a sentence or a question is replaces by a semantically…
View article: Cortical Networks Involved in Memory for Temporal Order
Cortical Networks Involved in Memory for Temporal Order Open
We examined the neurobiological basis of temporal resetting, an aspect of temporal order memory, using a version of the delayed-match-to-multiple-sample task. While in an fMRI scanner, participants evaluated whether an item was novel or wh…
View article: fMRI exploration of pedagogical benefits of repeated testing: when more is not always better
fMRI exploration of pedagogical benefits of repeated testing: when more is not always better Open
Introduction The testing effect refers to superior retention when study is followed by a test rather than followed by another study. Most research to date on why the testing effect occurs has been behavioral, but we employed neuroimaging m…