Muhammad Ali Butt
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View article: Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Third Edition
Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Third Edition Open
The rapid evolution of micro- and nanoscale technologies continues to shape modern scientific development across photonics, semiconductor devices, sensing, displays, and optical systems [...]
View article: Mid‐Infrared Integrated Photonics: Material Platforms and Emerging Applications
Mid‐Infrared Integrated Photonics: Material Platforms and Emerging Applications Open
Mid‐infrared (MIR) integrated photonics plays a pivotal role in a range of scientific and technological applications due to the unique absorption features of many molecules within this spectral range (2–20 µm). These wavelengths are partic…
View article: Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting With Bulbar Symptoms: A Case Report
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting With Bulbar Symptoms: A Case Report Open
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by rapidly progressive, symmetrical weakness, areflexia, and variable sensory loss. It is often triggered by preceding respiratory or gastrointestinal infe…
View article: Experimental Characterization of a Silicon Nitride Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with a Refractive Index-Engineered Sensing Arm
Experimental Characterization of a Silicon Nitride Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer with a Refractive Index-Engineered Sensing Arm Open
We report the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of an asymmetric loop-terminated Mach–Zehnder interferometer (a-LT-MZI) realized on a silicon nitride (SiN) platform for refractive index (RI) sensing. The LT-MZI archite…
View article: Barely There But Existent: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor–Induced Angioedema
Barely There But Existent: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor–Induced Angioedema Open
We describe a 62-year-old female patient who presented to the Accident & Emergency (A&E) department with upper airway edema. Her past medical history included hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and ischemic heart disease. She had been …
View article: <b>Comparative Association of Immobilization Duration with Adhesive Capsulitis in Post-Fracture Versus Soft-Tissue Shoulder Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study</b>
<b>Comparative Association of Immobilization Duration with Adhesive Capsulitis in Post-Fracture Versus Soft-Tissue Shoulder Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study</b> Open
Background: Adhesive capsulitis is a disabling shoulder disorder characterized by pain, stiffness, and restricted mobility, frequently linked to prolonged immobilization. The comparative risk associated with immobilization after fractures …
View article: Photonics on a Budget: Low-Cost Polymer Sensors for a Smarter World
Photonics on a Budget: Low-Cost Polymer Sensors for a Smarter World Open
Polymer-based photonic sensors are emerging as cost-effective, scalable alternatives to conventional silicon and glass photonic platforms, offering unique advantages in flexibility, functionality, and manufacturability. This review provide…
View article: Resonant cavity structure based on Silicon Nitride platform for refractive index sensing applications
Resonant cavity structure based on Silicon Nitride platform for refractive index sensing applications Open
We report the design, fabrication, and experimental demonstration of a high-sensitivity refractive index (RI) sensor based on a silicon nitride (SixNy) resonant cavity structure. The device employs a loop-shaped resonator coupled to a bus …
View article: Resonant cavity structure based on Silicon Nitride platform for refractive index sensing applications
Resonant cavity structure based on Silicon Nitride platform for refractive index sensing applications Open
We report the design, fabrication, and experimental demonstration of a high-sensitivity refractive index (RI) sensor based on a silicon nitride (SixNy) resonant cavity structure. The device employs a loop-shaped resonator coupled to a bus …
View article: Photonics on a Budget: Low-Cost Polymer Sensors for a Smarter World
Photonics on a Budget: Low-Cost Polymer Sensors for a Smarter World Open
Polymer-based photonic sensors are emerging as cost-effective, scalable alternatives to conventional silicon and glass photonic platforms, offering unique advantages in flexibility, functionality, and manufacturability. This review provide…
View article: Emerging Trends in Thermo-Optic and Electro-Optic Materials for Tunable Photonic Devices
Emerging Trends in Thermo-Optic and Electro-Optic Materials for Tunable Photonic Devices Open
Tunable photonic devices are increasingly pivotal in modern optical systems, enabling the dynamic control over light propagation, modulation, and filtering. This review systematically explores two prominent classes of materials, thermo-opt…
View article: Application of Machine Learning Methods for Identifying Wave Aberrations from Combined Intensity Patterns Generated Using a Multi-Order Diffractive Spatial Filter
Application of Machine Learning Methods for Identifying Wave Aberrations from Combined Intensity Patterns Generated Using a Multi-Order Diffractive Spatial Filter Open
A multi-order combined diffraction spatial filter, integrated with a set of Zernike phase functions (representing wavefront aberrations) and Zernike polynomials, enables the simultaneous formation of multiple aberration-transformed point s…
View article: Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms
Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms Open
Integrated photonic biosensors are revolutionizing lab-on-a-chip technologies by providing highly sensitive, miniaturized, and label-free detection solutions for a wide range of biological and chemical targets. This review explores the fou…
View article: Emerging Trends in Thermo‐Optic and Electro‐Optic Materials for Tunable Photonic Devices
Emerging Trends in Thermo‐Optic and Electro‐Optic Materials for Tunable Photonic Devices Open
Tunable photonic devices are increasingly pivotal in modern optical systems, enabling dynamic control over light propagation, modulation, and filtering. This review systematically explores two prominent classes of materials, thermo-optic a…
View article: Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms
Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms Open
Integrated photonic biosensors are quickly changing the game in lab-on-a-chip technologies. These tiny yet powerful devices enable rapid detection of biological and chemical substances without labels or complex processing and deliver high …
View article: A perspective on plasmonic metasurfaces: unlocking new horizons for sensing applications
A perspective on plasmonic metasurfaces: unlocking new horizons for sensing applications Open
Metasurfaces (MSs), two-dimensional arrays of engineered nanostructures, have revolutionized optics by enabling precise manipulation of electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales. These platforms offer unparalleled control over amplitud…
View article: Mid-Infrared Photonic Sensors: Exploring Fundamentals, Advanced Materials, and Cutting-Edge Applications
Mid-Infrared Photonic Sensors: Exploring Fundamentals, Advanced Materials, and Cutting-Edge Applications Open
Mid-infrared (MIR) photonic sensors are revolutionizing optical sensing by enabling precise chemical and biological detection through the interrogation of molecules’ unique vibrational modes. This review explores the core principles of MIR…
View article: High Sensitivity Design for Silicon-On-Insulator-Based Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach–Zehnder Interferometer
High Sensitivity Design for Silicon-On-Insulator-Based Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Open
This work presents a novel design for an asymmetric loop-terminated Mach–Zehnder interferometer (a-LT-MZI) based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, tailored for refractive index (RI) sensing applications. A significant advantage of …
View article: Investigation of Modal Characteristics of Silicon Nitride Ridge Waveguides for Enhanced Refractive Index Sensing
Investigation of Modal Characteristics of Silicon Nitride Ridge Waveguides for Enhanced Refractive Index Sensing Open
This paper investigates the wavelength-dependent sensitivity of a ridge waveguide based on a silicon nitride (Si3N4) platform, combining numerical analysis and experimental validation. In the first part, the modal characteristics of a Si3N…
View article: High Sensitivity Design for SOI-Based Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
High Sensitivity Design for SOI-Based Asymmetric Loop-Terminated Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Open
This work presents a novel design for an asymmetric loop-terminated Mach-Zehnder interferometer (a-LT-MZI) based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, tailored for refractive index (RI) sensing applications. A significant advantage of …
View article: Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Second Edition
Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Second Edition Open
Photonic and optoelectronic devices and systems are at the forefront of modern technology, enabling the precise manipulation of light for a wide range of applications [...]
View article: Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Biodetection Systems: Principles, Progress and Applications—A Comprehensive Review
Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Biodetection Systems: Principles, Progress and Applications—A Comprehensive Review Open
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)-based biodetection systems have emerged as powerful tools for real-time, label-free biomolecular interaction analysis, revolutionizing fields such as diagnostics, drug discovery, and environmental monitoring…
View article: Lighting the way forward: The bright future of photonic integrated circuits
Lighting the way forward: The bright future of photonic integrated circuits Open
Integrated optics, a key photonics technology, has major implications for telecommunications, sensing, and computing. By integrating optical elements like lasers, modulators, and detectors onto a single chip, it enhances performance while …