Shawn M. Arent
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Muscle Hypertrophy, Strength, and Salivary Hormone Changes Following 9 Weeks of High- or Low-Load Resistance Training Open
Background: Resistance training has recently focused more on a high- vs. low-load training approach, suggesting heavier loads optimize strength adaptations through maximal recruitment of motor units, whereas lower loads stimulate a greater…
Relationship between lean body mass, limb asymmetry, and eccentric hamstring strength in NCAA division I football players Open
Background Eccentric hamstring strength and limb asymmetry are important factors in performance and injury risk among American football players. Given that lean mass (LM) contributes to strength and power development, examining its relatio…
Ketone monoester ingestion preserves working memory during loaded exercise in the heat Open
Background Special Operations Forces (SOF) often operate in extreme heat, where sustained physical exertion may degrade cognition. Exercise-heat stress can reduce cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygenation, increasing the risk of catastroph…
Beta-hydroxybutyrate ingestion with caffeine improves time to exhaustion performance following loaded exercise in the heat Open
Background Special Operations Forces operate in hot conditions under heavy loads, which impairs thermoregulation and performance and risks mission success. Exogenous ketone monoesters, such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), may enhance cerebr…
A caffeine and theacrine combination improves cognitive performance in tactical personnel under physically fatiguing conditions Open
SIngestion of CAF and CTC improved various measures of cognitive performance before, and after fatiguing exercise. Furthermore, CTC had additional cognitive benefits beyond CAF. Thus, combining lower-dose caffeine and theacrine may improve…
Evaluating the Effects of a Proprietary Water Formulation on Hydration and Physiological Responses During Exercise-Heat Stress in Active Adults Open
Introduction: Hypohydration can impair physical and cognitive performance, particularly in hot and humid conditions or after intense activity. Hydration solutions aim to maintain euhydration and minimize electrolyte loss, yet the efficacy …
View article: International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Open
Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) presents this position based on a critical examination of the literature surrounding the effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplemen…
View article: Common Questions and Misconceptions About Energy Drinks: What Does the Scientific Evidence Really Show?
Common Questions and Misconceptions About Energy Drinks: What Does the Scientific Evidence Really Show? Open
Energy drinks are a commonly consumed beverage, and studies suggest a possible performance-enhancing effect. A Google Scholar search using the keywords “energy drinks” and “exercise” yields numerous results, underscoring the voluminous res…
View article: International society of sports nutrition position stand: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB)
International society of sports nutrition position stand: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) Open
Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) bases the following position stand on an analysis of the literature regarding the effects of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB). The following 12 points have been appro…
Sculpting Success: The Importance of Diet and Physical Activity to Support Skeletal Muscle Health during Weight Loss with New Generation Anti-Obesity Medications Open
Obesity is a public health crisis, with prevalence rates tripling over the past 60 y. Although lifestyle modifications, such as diet and physical activity, remain the first-line treatments, recent anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have been …
Characterization of Health and Safety Resources for Athletes With Sickle Cell Trait at NCAA Institutions Open
Yeargin, SW, Meyer, CM, Hirschhorn, RM, Lane, AD, Arent, SM, and Haggard, CR. Characterization of health and safety resources for athletes with sickle cell trait at NCAA institutions. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The purpose of…
View article: International society of sports nutrition position stand: ketogenic diets
International society of sports nutrition position stand: ketogenic diets Open
7. There is insufficient evidence to determine if a ketogenic diet affects males and females differently. However, there is a strong mechanistic basis for sex differences to exist in response to a ketogenic diet.
Increasing Gender Integration in U.S. Marine Corps Recruit Training: Policy Recommendations and Rationales From an Interdisciplinary Study Open
Introduction This article describes alternate models and policy recommendations created by an interdisciplinary team of researchers to increase gender integration at U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) recruit training. The USMC requested a study to …
A Sex Comparison of the Physical and Physiological Demands of United States Marine Corps Recruit Training Open
Introduction The U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) recruit training is a 13-week preparatory period for military service men and women. Differences in absolute performance capabilities between sexes may impact physical and physiological responses t…
United States Marine Corps Recruit Training Demands Associated With Performance Outcomes Open
Introduction United States Marine Corps’ (USMC) recruit training is a 13-week program designed to maximize physical and mental performance adaptations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the training demands and characteristics that…
Using the Capture-Recapture Technique to Estimate the Ascertainment-Corrected Incidence of Musculoskeletal Injuries During Marine Corps Recruit Training Open
Introduction Injury epidemiology research with military populations typically utilizes data obtained through medical chart review (MCR) or injury self-reports (ISRs). MCR data will not capture musculoskeletal injury (MSKI) data for which m…
Descriptive Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Injuries During Marine Corps Recruit Training in Gender-Integrated and Male-Only Training Units Open
Introduction Musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) occur frequently in military personnel. U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) recruits participate in an intense 13-week training program designed to transform civilians into basically trained Marines, durin…
Design Considerations for a Multidisciplinary Approach to Provide Policy Recommendations on Gender-Integrated Recruit Training in the Marine Corps Open
Introduction Recruit training is designed to transform civilians into physically fit military service members, who embody their service’s core values and possess military discipline and skills. At the time this research began, the U.S. Mar…
Unsupervised Machine Learning in Countermovement Jump and Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull Performance Produces Distinct Combat and Physical Fitness Clusters in Male and Female U.S. Marine Corps Recruits Open
Introduction Several challenges face the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) and other services in their efforts to design recruit training to augment warfighter mobility and resilience in both male and female recruits as part of an integrated model.…
Neuromuscular Strength and Power Predict Musculoskeletal Injury and Attrition During Marine Corps Recruit Training Open
Introduction Elevated rates of musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) and attrition are documented in military recruit training. By identifying and addressing modifiable risk factors, the rate of successful training completion and military readin…
The effects of a brand-specific, hemp-derived cannabidiol product on physiological, biochemical, and psychometric outcomes in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial Open
CBD was safe and well tolerated in healthy adults. These findings show pain was lower in the CBD group, suggesting a potentially positive effect for consumption of CBD. "Vigor-activity" decreased across the intervention, which may be a con…
Abdominal Fatigue Impairs Anaerobic, but not Aerobic,Cycling Performance in Untrained Adults Open
Relevance. Coaches and athletes across a variety of sports commonly perform abdominal exercises to promote core strength and endurance. However, the precise influence of abdominal strength and endurance on cycling performance remains elusi…
View article: Common questions and misconceptions about protein supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?
Common questions and misconceptions about protein supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show? Open
Protein supplementation often refers to increasing the intake of this particular macronutrient through dietary supplements in the form of powders, ready-to-drink shakes, and bars. The primary purpose of protein supplementation is to augmen…
View article: Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?
Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show? Open
Caffeine is a popular ergogenic aid that has a plethora of evidence highlighting its positive effects. A Google Scholar search using the keywords "caffeine" and "exercise" yields over 200,000 results, emphasizing the extensive research on …
View article: Effect of menstrual cycle and contraceptive pill phase on aspects of exercise physiology and athletic performance in female athletes: protocol for the <i>Feminae</i> international multisite innovative project
Effect of menstrual cycle and contraceptive pill phase on aspects of exercise physiology and athletic performance in female athletes: protocol for the <i>Feminae</i> international multisite innovative project Open
The idiom ‘more high-quality research is needed ’ has become the slogan for sport and exercise physiology-based research in female athletes. However, in most instances, it is challenging to address this gap of high-quality research in elit…
View article: International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Effects of essential amino acid supplementation on exercise and performance
International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Effects of essential amino acid supplementation on exercise and performance Open
Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) presents this position based on a critical examination of literature surrounding the effects of essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation on skeletal muscle maintena…
Effects of fucoidan supplementation on inflammatory and immune response after high-intensity exercise Open
No adverse events were reported throughout the study period, indicating a positive safety profile of UPF. While notable changes in biomarkers occurred up to 1 hr post HIE, few differences were observed between supplementation conditions. T…
International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete Open
Based on a comprehensive review and critical analysis of the literature regarding the nutritional concerns of female athletes, conducted by experts in the field and selected members of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN), …
International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots Open
Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) bases the following position stand on a critical analysis of the literature regarding the effects of energy drink (ED) or energy shot (ES) consumption on acute exerci…
An Examination of Depression, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem in Collegiate Student-Athletes Open
Mental health research exists for student-athletes in the areas of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem prevalence. However, updated prevalence rates and assessment of risks across sports, academic status, and genders are needed. Filling t…