M. Carolina Danovaro‐Holliday
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View article: Peer Review Report For: Measles and Pertussis outbreaks in England and Wales: a time-series analysis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
Peer Review Report For: Measles and Pertussis outbreaks in England and Wales: a time-series analysis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Open
View article: Recording vaccine doses administered: A global analysis of tally sheet design for infant and child immunizations
Recording vaccine doses administered: A global analysis of tally sheet design for infant and child immunizations Open
Most countries use tally sheets across immunization programmes for health workers to mark vaccine doses administered to every person, alongside home-based records, yet their design and use is poorly understood at the global level. This pap…
View article: Household Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates duplication in health surveys – a case study of the Vaccination Coverage Surveys in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Household Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates duplication in health surveys – a case study of the Vaccination Coverage Surveys in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Open
Background Household-based surveys are fundamental for estimating immunization coverage in low- and middle-income countries. Increasingly, household GPS coordinates are collected in surveys to improve spatial resolution for targeted interv…
View article: Geostatistical and machine learning approaches for high-resolution mapping of vaccination coverage
Geostatistical and machine learning approaches for high-resolution mapping of vaccination coverage Open
Recently, there has been a growing interest in the production of high-resolution maps of vaccination coverage. These maps have been useful for uncovering geographic inequities in coverage and improving targeting of interventions to reach m…
View article: Recording vaccine doses administered: A global analysis of tally sheet design for infant and child immunizations
Recording vaccine doses administered: A global analysis of tally sheet design for infant and child immunizations Open
Most countries use tally sheets across immunization programmes for health workers to mark vaccine doses administered to every person, alongside home-based records, yet their design and use is poorly understood at the global level. This pap…
View article: Automating Handwritten Vaccination Record Transcription with Generative Multimodal AI Models: A Proof of Concept Study from The Gambia
Automating Handwritten Vaccination Record Transcription with Generative Multimodal AI Models: A Proof of Concept Study from The Gambia Open
Background Handwritten home-based vaccination records (HBRs) are a vital source of immunization data, yet manual transcription in household surveys is time-consuming, error-prone, and resource-intensive. Recent advances in multimodal gener…
View article: Global immunisation monitoring in times of drastic cutbacks
Global immunisation monitoring in times of drastic cutbacks Open
View article: Women’s Empowerment and Gender-Related Factors Associated with Maternal Tetanus Protection in 39 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Women’s Empowerment and Gender-Related Factors Associated with Maternal Tetanus Protection in 39 Low- and Middle-Income Countries Open
Background: Tetanus is a vaccine-preventable disease, and therefore vaccination of women of reproductive age or during pregnancy is recommended alongside childhood tetanus vaccination. Gender-related factors related to social empowerment h…
View article: Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Children Under Five Years of Age in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Systematic Review
Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Children Under Five Years of Age in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Systematic Review Open
Background: In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2011 through a three-dose schedule, targeting infants as part of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), to r…
View article: Prediction of subnational-level vaccination coverage estimates using routine surveillance data and survey data
Prediction of subnational-level vaccination coverage estimates using routine surveillance data and survey data Open
The findings suggest that routinely collected measles surveillance data can effectively predict subnational measles vaccination coverage. The approach addresses limitations of existing methods by providing yearly estimates that are more ac…
View article: Quality and usability of home-based record photos to assess vaccine coverage: A case study from the 2022 Democratic Republic of the Congo Vaccine Coverage Survey
Quality and usability of home-based record photos to assess vaccine coverage: A case study from the 2022 Democratic Republic of the Congo Vaccine Coverage Survey Open
Home-based records (HBRs) are often considered the "gold-standard" for determining vaccination status - especially for vaccination coverage surveys (VCS). However, data on the quality and usability of HBRs when collected at the source (hou…
View article: Strengthening Immunization Data: Protocol for the Evaluation of an Electronic Immunization Register
Strengthening Immunization Data: Protocol for the Evaluation of an Electronic Immunization Register Open
Background Electronic immunization registers (EIRs) can strengthen immunization systems and, if used effectively, can lead to greater efficiency and improvements in vaccination coverage. Several low- and middle-income countries introduced …
View article: The 2024 Annual Meeting of the Essential Programmes on Immunization Managers in Central Africa: A Peer Learning Platform
The 2024 Annual Meeting of the Essential Programmes on Immunization Managers in Central Africa: A Peer Learning Platform Open
Background: Since 1974, Essential Programme on Immunisation managers from ten Central African countries meet yearly with partners to review progress made and share experiences and lessons learned from the implementation of immunization pro…
View article: Designing a National Rapid Vaccine Coverage Survey in low-resource settings: Experiences from the Democratic Republic of the Congo 2018–2023
Designing a National Rapid Vaccine Coverage Survey in low-resource settings: Experiences from the Democratic Republic of the Congo 2018–2023 Open
View article: Geostatistical and Machine Learning Approaches for High-Resolution Mapping of Vaccination Coverage
Geostatistical and Machine Learning Approaches for High-Resolution Mapping of Vaccination Coverage Open
Recently, there has been a growing interest in the production of high-resolution maps of vaccination coverage. These maps have been useful for uncovering geographic inequities in coverage and improving targeting of interventions to reach m…
View article: Viral Hepatitis B and Its Implications for Public Health in DR Congo: A Systematic Review
Viral Hepatitis B and Its Implications for Public Health in DR Congo: A Systematic Review Open
Background: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection remains high in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), constituting a public health problem in view of the fatal complications it causes, notably cirrhosis and hepatocellular carci…
View article: Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries
Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries Open
Introduction Home-based records (HBRs) are widely used for recording health information including child immunisations. We studied levels and inequalities in HBR ownership in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) using data from na…
View article: Quantifying Inequalities in Childhood Immunization Using Summary Measures of Health Inequality: An Application of WHO Stata and R ‘Healthequal’ Packages
Quantifying Inequalities in Childhood Immunization Using Summary Measures of Health Inequality: An Application of WHO Stata and R ‘Healthequal’ Packages Open
Background: Monitoring immunization inequalities is crucial for achieving equity in vaccine coverage. Summary measures of health inequality provide a single numerical expression of immunization inequality. However, the impact of different …
View article: Lessons from Recent Measles Post-Campaign Coverage Surveys Worldwide
Lessons from Recent Measles Post-Campaign Coverage Surveys Worldwide Open
Background: Measles elimination strategies include supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) to rapidly fill immunity gaps. Post-campaign coverage surveys (PCCSs) are recommended to assess SIA coverage. We characterized selected PCCSs p…
View article: Routine Vaccination Coverage — Worldwide, 2023
Routine Vaccination Coverage — Worldwide, 2023 Open
View article: Modelling the spatial variability and uncertainty for under-vaccination and zero-dose children in fragile settings
Modelling the spatial variability and uncertainty for under-vaccination and zero-dose children in fragile settings Open
View article: “Humanly Possible”: Geographies, Metrics and Methods to Address Immunization Inequalities
“Humanly Possible”: Geographies, Metrics and Methods to Address Immunization Inequalities Open
The year 2024 marks the 50th anniversary of the World Health Organization (WHO) Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) [...]
View article: Characterizing zero-dose and under-vaccinated children among refugees and internally displaced persons in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Characterizing zero-dose and under-vaccinated children among refugees and internally displaced persons in the Democratic Republic of Congo Open
Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has one of the highest numbers of un and under-vaccinated children as well as number of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world. This study aims to determine and compa…
View article: Developing National Information Systems to Monitor COVID-19 Vaccination: A Global Observational Study
Developing National Information Systems to Monitor COVID-19 Vaccination: A Global Observational Study Open
Background Strong information systems are essential for safe and effective immunization programs. The COVID-19 vaccine rollout presented all immunization information systems (IIS) with challenging demands—requiring in-depth vaccine impleme…
View article: Monitoring the world’s largest and fastest vaccine rollout: developing information systems to track COVID-19 vaccination worldwide (Preprint)
Monitoring the world’s largest and fastest vaccine rollout: developing information systems to track COVID-19 vaccination worldwide (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 vaccine rollout presented all immunization information systems (IIS) with challenging demands – requiring in-depth vaccine implementation data at all health system levels in real-time. The system development approa…
View article: Comparison of Wealth-Related Inequality in Tetanus Vaccination Coverage before and during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 72 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Comparison of Wealth-Related Inequality in Tetanus Vaccination Coverage before and during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 72 Low- and Middle-Income Countries Open
Immunization of pregnant women against tetanus is a key strategy for reducing tetanus morbidity and mortality while also achieving the goal of maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination. Despite substantial progress in improving newborn pro…
View article: Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic Open
Data from the WHO and UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) 2022 revision were analyzed to assess the status of routine immunization in the WHO African Region disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, coverage for …
View article: Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries
Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries Open
Introduction Home-based records (HBR) are widely used for recording health information including child immunizations. We studied levels and inequalities in HBR ownership in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) using data from national …
View article: A Practical Guide to Pilot Testing Community-Based Vaccination Coverage Surveys
A Practical Guide to Pilot Testing Community-Based Vaccination Coverage Surveys Open
Pilot testing is crucial when preparing any community-based vaccination coverage survey. In this paper, we use the term pilot test to mean informative work conducted before a survey protocol has been finalized for the purpose of guiding de…
View article: Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic Open
Data from the WHO and UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) 2022 revision were analyzed to assess the status of routine immunization in the WHO African Region, disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, the coverage…