Michael J. Collins
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View article: Scleral lens landing zone toricity and tear exchange
Scleral lens landing zone toricity and tear exchange Open
Scleral lenses with a toric landing zone facilitated greater central and peripheral tear exchange than a spherical lens design. Alterations to the scleral landing zone which enhance tear exchange may have clinical implications for reducing…
View article: Evaluation of deep learning models for anterior segment OCT image segmentation during scleral lens wear
Evaluation of deep learning models for anterior segment OCT image segmentation during scleral lens wear Open
The U-Net++/VGG19 DL model displayed the best performance for AS-OCT image segmentation during scleral lens wear based on the overall Dice coefficient. Further assessment of DL models involving the segmentation of eyes with corneal disease…
View article: Hunting in the Dark: Metrics for Early Stage Traffic Discovery
Hunting in the Dark: Metrics for Early Stage Traffic Discovery Open
Threat hunting is an operational security process where an expert analyzes traffic, applying knowledge and lightweight tools on unlabeled data in order to identify and classify previously unknown phenomena. In this paper, we examine threat…
View article: Age-Related Regional Changes in Choroidal Vascularity in Healthy Emmetropic Eyes
Age-Related Regional Changes in Choroidal Vascularity in Healthy Emmetropic Eyes Open
These age-related changes in the CVI provide new insights into the physiological morphology of the choroid during aging and may aid clinicians in understanding the spatial and age-associated predilections of certain chorioretinal diseases.
View article: The impact of toric contact lens correction upon functional near visual performance with digital devices
The impact of toric contact lens correction upon functional near visual performance with digital devices Open
Significant visual and functional benefits were found for digital near visual tasks associated with toric contact lens correction.
View article: Arithmetic on Continued Fractions
Arithmetic on Continued Fractions Open
Gosper developed algorithms for adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing two CFs, and for solving quadratics with CF coefficients, getting a CF as the result. A straightforward implementation of these algorithms can lead to infinite l…
View article: Impact of Image Complexity on the Segmentation of Ophthalmic Images Using Deep Learning Methods
Impact of Image Complexity on the Segmentation of Ophthalmic Images Using Deep Learning Methods Open
Advances in medical imaging segmentation using deep learning (DL) have facilitated the development of a wide range of models based on different architectures. For example, the U-Net has become one of the most widely used architectures in t…
View article: Arithmetic on Continued Fractions
Arithmetic on Continued Fractions Open
Gosper developed algorithms for adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing two CFs, and for solving quadratics with CF coefficients, getting a CF as the result. Straightforward implementation of these algorithms can lead to infinite loo…
View article: Review of Geoffrey D. Claussen, Alexander Green, and Alan L. Mittelman, Jewish Virtue Ethics
Review of Geoffrey D. Claussen, Alexander Green, and Alan L. Mittelman, Jewish Virtue Ethics Open
Review of Geoffrey D. Claussen, Alexander Green, and Alan L. Mittelman, Jewish Virtue Ethics
View article: Arithmetic on Continued Fractions
Arithmetic on Continued Fractions Open
Gosper developed algorithms for adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing two continued fractions, and for solving quadratics with CF coefficients, getting a CF as the result. Here we present modified versions of those algorithms which…
View article: The central and peripheral corneal response to short‐term hypoxia
The central and peripheral corneal response to short‐term hypoxia Open
Purpose To quantify the magnitude and recovery of central and limbal corneal oedema induced by short‐term unilateral eyelid closure without contact lens wear. Methods The left eye of 10 adults with healthy corneas was patched using a folde…
View article: The effect of lens and fitting characteristics upon scleral lens centration
The effect of lens and fitting characteristics upon scleral lens centration Open
Purpose To quantify the impact of varying central fluid reservoir depth, lens thickness/mass and the addition of a peripheral fenestration upon scleral lens centration. Methods Ten young, healthy adults participated in a series of repeated…
View article: Enhancing OCT patch-based segmentation with improved GAN data augmentation and semi-supervised learning
Enhancing OCT patch-based segmentation with improved GAN data augmentation and semi-supervised learning Open
For optimum performance, deep learning methods, such as those applied for retinal and choroidal layer segmentation in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, require sufficiently large and diverse labelled datasets for training. However…
Increase in choroidal thickness after blue light stimulation of the blind spot in young adults Open
Background Blue light activates melanopsin, a photopigment that is expressed in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The axons of ipRGCs converge on the optic disc, which corresponds to the physiological blind spot…
View article: The effect of landing zone toricity on scleral lens fitting characteristics and optics
The effect of landing zone toricity on scleral lens fitting characteristics and optics Open
Purpose The fit and optical performance of a scleral lens is affected by the alignment of the landing zone with the underlying ocular surface. The aim of this research was to quantify the effect of landing zone toricity upon scleral lens f…
View article: Objective Measures of Gaze Behaviors and the Visual Environment during Near-Work Tasks in Young Adult Myopes and Emmetropes
Objective Measures of Gaze Behaviors and the Visual Environment during Near-Work Tasks in Young Adult Myopes and Emmetropes Open
These findings highlight the complex interaction between near-work behaviors and the visual environment and demonstrate that factors of potential importance to myopia development vary between paper-based and smartphone-based near tasks.
View article: Controlled Decoding from Language Models
Controlled Decoding from Language Models Open
KL-regularized reinforcement learning (RL) is a popular alignment framework to control the language model responses towards high reward outcomes. We pose a tokenwise RL objective and propose a modular solver for it, called controlled decod…
View article: Enhanced OCT chorio-retinal segmentation in low-data settings with semi-supervised GAN augmentation using cross-localisation
Enhanced OCT chorio-retinal segmentation in low-data settings with semi-supervised GAN augmentation using cross-localisation Open
Training deep learning methods for optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal and choroidal layer segmentation is a challenge when data is scarce. In medical image analysis, this is often the case with a lack of data sharing due to confide…
Seasonal variations in anterior segment angle parameters in myopes and emmetropes Open
There is a small but significant seasonal changes in the anterior segment angle parameters, refractive error, and IOP in healthy young adult males, in which the anterior segment angle dimensions are narrower, the IOP is higher, and the ref…
View article: Central and peripheral scleral lens‐induced corneal oedema
Central and peripheral scleral lens‐induced corneal oedema Open
Purpose To quantify the magnitude of central and peripheral scleral lens‐induced corneal oedema for a range of fluid reservoir thicknesses, and to compare these experimental results with theoretical models of corneal oedema both with and w…
View article: Measuring Attribution in Natural Language Generation Models
Measuring Attribution in Natural Language Generation Models Open
Large neural models have brought a new challenge to natural language generation (NLG): it has become imperative to ensure the safety and reliability of the output of models that generate freely. To this end, we present an evaluation framew…
View article: The association between conjunctival and scleral thickness and ocular surface ultraviolet autofluorescence
The association between conjunctival and scleral thickness and ocular surface ultraviolet autofluorescence Open
Ultraviolet autofluorescence (UVAF) imaging is used to visualise ocular surface changes due to sunlight exposure and so is considered to be a biomarker for UV damage. The conjunctival and scleral thicknesses of participants with and withou…
View article: Corneal oedema during reverse piggyback scleral lens wear
Corneal oedema during reverse piggyback scleral lens wear Open
Purpose One clinical approach to address poor front surface wettability during scleral lens wear is the use of a “reverse piggyback” system (a soft contact lens applied to the anterior surface of a scleral lens). The aim of this study was …
View article: Higher order aberrations and retinal image quality during short‐term accommodation in myopic and non‐myopic children
Higher order aberrations and retinal image quality during short‐term accommodation in myopic and non‐myopic children Open
Introduction Despite the known associations between near work and myopia, and retinal image quality and eye growth, accommodation‐induced changes in higher order aberrations (HOA's) and retinal image quality in children with different refr…
View article: Catastrophic health expenditure in nonneurological injury due to motor vehicle crash
Catastrophic health expenditure in nonneurological injury due to motor vehicle crash Open
BACKGROUND Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are a leading cause of nonfatal injury in the United States and impose a high financial cost to the patient and the economy. For many patients, this cost may be financially devastating and contribute…