Explanipedia

TESS Investigation -- Demographics of Young Exoplanets (TI-DYE) IV: a Jovian radius planet orbiting a 34 Myr Sun-like star in the Vela association Open

Madyson G. Barber, Andrew W. Mann, Khalid Barkaoui, Karen A. Collins, Phil Evans , et al. · 2025

The discovery of infant (< 50 Myr), close-in (<30-day period) planets is vital in understanding the formation mechanisms that lead to the distribution of mature transiting planets as discovered by Kepler. Despite several discoveries in thi…

HARPS-N, TESS, and CHEOPS discover a transiting sub-Neptune and two outer companions around the bright solar analogue HD 85426 Open

A. Mortier, A. Collier Cameron, A. Anna John, David W. Latham, L. Malavolta , et al. · 2025

We provide a detailed characterisation of the planetary system orbiting HD 85426 (TOI-1774). This bright G-type star (M*: 0.99 M⊙; R*: 1.13 R⊙; age: 7.4 Gyr; V mag: 8.25) hosts a transiting sub-Neptune, HD 85426 b, with an orbital period o…

TOI-7166 b: a habitable zone mini-Neptune planet around a nearby low-mass star Open

Khalid Barkaoui, F. J. Pozuelos, Benjamin V. Rackham, Adam J. Burgasser, A. H. M. J. Triaud , et al. · 2025

We present the discovery and validation of TOI-7166 b, a $2.01 \pm 0.05\,\mathrm{ R}_{\oplus }$ planet orbiting a nearby low-mass star. We validated the planet by combining Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and multicolour high-precisi…

An ultra-short period super-Earth and sub-Neptune spanning the Radius Valley orbiting the kinematic thick disc star TOI-2345 Open

Yoshi Nike Emilia Eschen, T. G. Wilson, A. Bonfanti, C. M. Persson, S. G. Sousa , et al. · 2025

A crucial chemical link between stars and their orbiting exoplanets is thought to exist. If universal, this connection could affect the formation and evolution of all planets. Therefore, this potential vital link needs testing by character…

The Rings of (2060) Chiron: Evidence of an Evolving System Open

C. L. Pereira, F. Braga-Ribas, B. Sicardy, Rodrigo Leiva, M. Assafin , et al. · 2025

The centaur (2060) Chiron has long been a candidate for hosting material in orbit, based on occultation and photometric and spectroscopic data. Here, we present a multichord stellar occultation observed on 2023 September 10 UT that reveals…

An Ultra-hot Low-mass Brown Dwarf Eclipsing the Puffy White Dwarf J0404+1112 Open

Julien de Wit, R. Alonso, Benjamin V. Rackham, Susan M. Lederer, Artem Burdanov , et al. · 2025

Most exoplanets known orbit stars that will evolve into red giants, then white dwarfs (WDs). Understanding the population of substellar WD companions informs the common-envelope evolution process (E. Villaver & M. Livio 2009), thereby shed…

A Modular Theory of Subjective Consciousness for Natural and Artificial Minds Open

M. Gillon · 2025

Understanding how subjective experience arises from information processing remains a central challenge in neuroscience, cognitive science, and AI research. The Modular Consciousness Theory (MCT) proposes a biologically grounded and computa…

Gravity-sensitive Spectral Indices in Ultracool Dwarfs: Investigating Correlations with Metallicity and Planet Occurrence Using SpeX and Fire Observations Open

Fatemeh Davoudi, Benjamin V. Rackham, Julien de Wit, Jan Toomlaid, M. Gillon , et al. · 2025

We present a near-infrared spectroscopic analysis (0.9–2.4 μ m) of gravity indices for 56 ultracool dwarfs (M5.5–L0), including exoplanet hosts SPECULOOS-2, SPECULOOS-3, and LHS 3154. Our dataset includes 59 spectra from the SpeX and FIRE …

The TESS Grand Unified Hot Jupiter Survey. III. Thirty More Giant Planets<sup>*</sup> Open

Samuel W. Yee, Joshua N. Winn, J. D. Hartman, Joseph E. Rodriguez, George Zhou , et al. · 2025

We present the discovery of 30 transiting giant planets that were initially detected using data from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission. These new planets orbit relatively bright ( G ≤ 12.5) FGK host stars with orbital pe…

Constraints on the possible atmospheres on TRAPPIST-1 b: insights from 3D climate modeling Open

Alice Maurel, Martin Turbet, Elsa Ducrot, Jérémy Leconte, Guillaume Chaverot , et al. · 2025

Context. JWST observations of the secondary eclipse of TRAPPIST-1 b at 12.8 and 15 µm revealed a very bright dayside. These measurements are consistent with an absence of atmosphere. Previous 1D atmospheric modeling also excludes – at firs…

Two warm Earth-sized exoplanets and an Earth-sized candidate in the M5V-M6V binary system TOI-2267 Open

Sebastián Zúñiga-Fernández, F. J. Pozuelos, M. Dévora-Pajares, N. Cuello, Michael Greklek-McKeon , et al. · 2025

We report two warm Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting the close binary TOI-2267 (M5+M6, separation ~8 au). Data from TESS and ground-based facilities confirm the planets, but we cannot determine which star they orbit. The planets have radii o…

Updated Masses for the Gas Giants in the Eight-planet Kepler-90 System Via Transit-timing Variation and Radial Velocity Observations Open

D A Shaw, Lauren M. Weiss, Eric Agol, Karen A. Collins, Khalid Barkaoui , et al. · 2025

The eight-planet Kepler-90 system exhibits the greatest multiplicity of planets found to date. All eight planets are transiting and were discovered in photometry from the NASA Kepler primary mission. The two outermost planets, g ( P g = 21…

Three hot Jupiters transiting K-dwarfs with significant heavy element masses Open

Yolanda G. C. Frensch, F. Bouchy, G. Lo Curto, S. Ulmer-Moll, S. G. Sousa , et al. · 2025

Context . Despite predictions from planetary population synthesis models indicating that such systems should be exceedingly rare, short-period gas giants do exist around low-mass stars ( T eff < 4965 K), albeit at lower frequency than arou…

Chemical abundances and Doppler imaging of the Ap Si/He-wk star HD 100357 Open

Athul Dileep, Santosh Joshi, Sofya Alexeeva, O. Kochukhov, Е. А. Семенко , et al. · 2025

We present the results of time-resolved photometry, abundance analysis, and Doppler imaging of an Ap star, HD 100357. The TESS photometry revealed rotational modulation with a period of 1.6279247 d. Upon inspecting the residuals after remo…

The CHEOPS view of HD 95338b: Refined transit parameters, and a search for exomoons Open

Szilárd Kálmán, A. E. Simon, A. Deline, Sz. Csizmadia, M. Gy. Szabó , et al. · 2025

Context . Despite the ever-increasing number of known exoplanets, no uncontested detections have been made of their satellites, known as exomoons. Aims . The quest to find exomoons is at the forefront of exoplanetary sciences. Certain spac…

Spectral Data for Figures 1 and 2 of "Gravity-sensitive Spectral Indices in Ultracool Dwarfs: Investigating Correlations with Metallicity and Planet Occurrence using SpeX and FIRE Observations" Open

Fatemeh Davoudi, Benjamin V. Rackham, Julien de Wit, Jan Toomlaid, M. Gillon , et al. · 2025

This dataset contains the near-infrared spectra used to generate Figures 1 and 2 in the paper "Gravity-sensitive Spectral Indices in Ultracool Dwarfs: Investigating Correlations with Metallicity and Planet Occurrence using SpeX and FIRE Ob…

Updated Masses for the Gas Giants in the Eight-Planet Kepler-90 System Via Transit-Timing Variation and Radial Velocity Observations Open

D A Shaw, Khalid Barkaoui, Howard M. Relles, Fabian Rodriguez Frustaglia, Owen Mitchem , et al. · 2025

The eight-planet Kepler-90 system exhibits the greatest multiplicity of planets found to date. All eight planets are transiting and were discovered in photometry from the NASA Kepler primary mission. The two outermost planets, g ($P_g$ = 2…

Discovery and Preliminary Characterization of a Third Interstellar Object: 3I/ATLAS Open

Darryl Z. Seligman, M. Micheli, Davide Farnocchia, L. Denneau, John W. Noonan , et al. · 2025

We report initial observations aimed at the characterization of a third interstellar object. This object, 3I/ATLAS or C/2025 N1 (ATLAS), was discovered on 2025 July 1 UT and has an orbital eccentricity of $e\sim6.1$, perihelion of $q\sim 1…

The KELT-7b atmospheric thermal-inversion conundrum revisited with CHEOPS, TESS, and additional data Open

Z. Garai, A. Krenn, Patricio E. Cubillos, G. Bruno, A. M. S. Smith , et al. · 2025

Context . Early theoretical works suggested that ultrahot Jupiters have inverted temperature-pressure (T–P) profiles in the presence of optical absorbers, such as TiO and VO. Recently, an inverted T–P profile of KELT-7b was detected, in ag…

TOI-1846 b: a super-Earth in the radius valley orbiting a nearby M dwarf Open

Abderahmane Soubkiou, Khalid Barkaoui, Z. Benkhaldoun, Mourad Ghachoui, J. Chouqar , et al. · 2025

We present the discovery and validation of a super-Earth planet orbiting the M dwarf star TOI-1846 (TIC 198385543). The host star ($K_{\rm mag} = 9.6$) is located 47 pc away and has a radius of $R_\star = 0.41 \pm 0.01$$\rm \, R_\odot$, a …

The KELT-7b atmospheric thermal-inversion conundrum revisited with CHEOPS, TESS, and additional data Open

Z. Garai, A. Krenn, P. E. Cubillos, G. Bruno, Allison Smith , et al. · 2025

Ultrahot Jupiters are predicted to show inverted temperature-pressure (T-P) profiles in the presence of optical absorbers such as TiO and VO. An inverted T-P profile of KELT-7b was recently detected, in line with these predictions, but suc…

The orbit of WASP-4 b is in decay Open

Özgür Baştürk, A C Kutluay, Adrian J. Barker, Selçuk Yalçınkaya, J. Southworth , et al. · 2025

WASP-4 b is a hot Jupiter exhibiting a decreasing orbital period, prompting investigations into potential mechanisms driving its evolution. We analysed 173 transit light curves, including 37 new observations, and derived mid-transit timing…

Hubble's Multi-Year Search for Exospheres in the TRAPPIST-1 System Reveals Frequent Microflares Open

David Berardo, Julien de Wit, M. Gillon, Ward S. Howard, V. Bourrier , et al. · 2025

Ly-$α$ observations provide a powerful probe of stellar activity and atmospheric escape in exoplanetary systems. We present here an analysis of 104 HST/STIS orbits monitoring the TRAPPIST-1 system between 2017 and 2022, covering 3--5 trans…

TOI-2407 b: a warm Neptune in the desert Open

Clàudia Janó Muñoz, M. J. Hooton, P. P. Pedersen, Khalid Barkaoui, Benjamin V. Rackham , et al. · 2025

We present the validation of TOI-2407 b, a warm Neptune-sized planet with a radius of $4.26\pm 0.26$ R$_{\oplus }$, orbiting an early M-type star with a period of 2.7 d and an equilibrium temperature of $705\pm 12$ K. The planet was identi…

A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star Open

Edward M. Bryant, Andrés Jordán, J. D. Hartman, Daniel Bayliss, Elyar Sedaghati , et al. · 2025

A Swarm of WASP Planets: Nine Giant Planets Identified by the WASP Survey Open

N. Schanche, G. Hébrard, Keivan G. Stassun, Benjamin J. Hord, Khalid Barkaoui , et al. · 2025

The Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) survey provided some of the first transiting hot Jupiter candidates. With the addition of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), many WASP planet candidates have now been revisited and gi…

A Swarm of WASP Planets: Nine giant planets identified by the WASP survey Open

N. Schanche, Guillaume Hébrard, Keivan G. Stassun, Benjamin J. Hord, Khalid Barkaoui , et al. · 2025

The Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) survey provided some of the first transiting hot Jupiter candidates. With the addition of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), many WASP planet candidates have now been revisited and gi…

TOI-6508 b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star Open

K. Barkaoui, Daniel Sebastian, Sebastián Zúñiga-Fernández, A. H. M. J. Triaud, Benjamin V. Rackham , et al. · 2025

We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508 b. Today, only ∼50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508 b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite …

TOI-6508b: A massive transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star Open

Adam J. Burgasser, M. Gillon, Emma Softich, M. Timmermans, M. Stalport , et al. · 2025

We report the discovery of a transiting brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star, TOI-6508b. Today, only ~50 transiting brown dwarfs have been discovered. TOI-6508b was first detected with data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (T…

Searching for hot water world candidates with CHEOPS Open

J.A. Egger, Daria Kubyshkina, Y. Alibert, H.P. Osborn, A. Bonfanti , et al. · 2025

Studying the composition of exoplanets is one of the most promising approaches to observationally constrain planet formation and evolution processes. However, this endeavour is complicated for small exoplanets by the fact that a wide range…

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