Michael R. Hoffmann
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View article: Active Learning‐Driven Inverse Design of Polyurethane Foams for <scp>EV</scp> Battery Applications
Active Learning‐Driven Inverse Design of Polyurethane Foams for <span>EV</span> Battery Applications Open
The rapid evolution of the electric vehicle (EV) industry demands advanced materials for battery protection, with polyurethane (PUR) foams emerging as a promising solution due to their thermal insulation, mechanical adaptability, and fire …
View article: Inhibition of Urea Hydrolysis in Human Urine for Resource and Energy Recovery: Pharmaceuticals and Their Metabolites as Co-Existing Anticatalyzers
Inhibition of Urea Hydrolysis in Human Urine for Resource and Energy Recovery: Pharmaceuticals and Their Metabolites as Co-Existing Anticatalyzers Open
Urine, which has a high concentration of urea, can be used as a sustainable resource for nutrient recovery and sustainable energy. However, urea undergoes hydrolysis, catalyzed by urease, generating ammonia and carbon dioxide. As ammonia i…
View article: Drawings of complete multipartite graphs up to triangle flips
Drawings of complete multipartite graphs up to triangle flips Open
For a drawing of a labeled graph, the rotation of a vertex or crossing is the cyclic order of its incident edges, represented by the labels of their other endpoints. The extended rotation system (ERS) of the drawing is the collection of th…
View article: Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production
Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production Open
Wastewater electrolysis cells (WECs) for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H 2 production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water, waste, and energy carrier. This study reports Ir-doped N…
View article: On $k$-planar Graphs without Short Cycles
On $k$-planar Graphs without Short Cycles Open
We study the impact of forbidding short cycles to the edge density of $k$-planar graphs; a $k$-planar graph is one that can be drawn in the plane with at most $k$ crossings per edge. Specifically, we consider three settings, according to w…
View article: Spectroscopic Study on CdS/Ni/KNbO<sub>3</sub>: Confirming Ni Effect to Photocatalytic Activity
Spectroscopic Study on CdS/Ni/KNbO<sub>3</sub>: Confirming Ni Effect to Photocatalytic Activity Open
Herein, we report the structural and photophysical properties of CdS/Ni/KNbO3 composites with a quantum yield for photocatalytic H2 generation that is CdS and Ni amount dependent. The nonstoichiometric KNbO3 (1:1.1) structure indicates the…
View article: Understanding the Catalytic Active Sites of Crystalline CoSb <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> O <sub> <i>y</i> </sub> for Electrochemical Chlorine Evolution
Understanding the Catalytic Active Sites of Crystalline CoSb <sub> <i>x</i> </sub> O <sub> <i>y</i> </sub> for Electrochemical Chlorine Evolution Open
The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a key reaction in electrochemical oxidation (EO) of water treatment. Conventional anodes based on platinum group metals can be prohibitively expensive, which hinders further application of EO system…
View article: Modular Functionalization of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine**
Modular Functionalization of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine** Open
Nitrogen recovery from wastewater represents a sustainable route to recycle reactive nitrogen (Nr). It can reduce the demand of producing Nr from the energy‐extensive Haber‐Bosch process and lower the risk of causing eutrophication simulta…
View article: Modular Functionalization of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine**
Modular Functionalization of Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine** Open
Nitrogen recovery from wastewater represents a sustainable route to recycle reactive nitrogen (Nr). It can reduce the demand of producing Nr from the energy‐extensive Haber‐Bosch process and lower the risk of causing eutrophication simulta…
View article: Modular Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine
Modular Functionalization of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Recovery from Fresh Urine Open
Nitrogen recovery from wastewater represents a sustainable route to recycle reactive nitrogen (Nr). It can reduce the demand of producing Nr from the energy-extensive Haber-Bosch process and lower the risk of causing eutrophication in the …
View article: Photoinduced thiol-ene “click” chemistry for resource-efficient curing of polysilazane-based coatings and its effects on coating property profile
Photoinduced thiol-ene “click” chemistry for resource-efficient curing of polysilazane-based coatings and its effects on coating property profile Open
Polysilazane-based coatings exhibit excellent mechanical properties and chemical resistance, but thermal curing limits their range of applications. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the more resource-efficient curing of polyo…
View article: The Number of Edges in Maximal 2-planar Graphs
The Number of Edges in Maximal 2-planar Graphs Open
A graph is $2$-planar if it has local crossing number two, that is, it can be drawn in the plane such that every edge has at most two crossings. A graph is maximal $2$-planar if no edge can be added such that the resulting graph remains $2…
View article: α-NiO/Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application
α-NiO/Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application Open
The α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP/F-graphene composite, which is silver nanoparticles preanchored on the surface of fluorinated graphene (AgNP/FG) and then added to α-NiO/Ni(OH)2, is investigated as a potential battery material. The addition of AgNP/…
View article: Novel Synthesis Pathways for Highly Oxidative Iron Species: Generation, Stability, and Treatment Applications of Ferrate(IV/V/VI)
Novel Synthesis Pathways for Highly Oxidative Iron Species: Generation, Stability, and Treatment Applications of Ferrate(IV/V/VI) Open
[Image: see text] Difficulties arise related to the economy-of-scale and practicability in applying conventional water treatment technologies to small and remote systems. A promising oxidation technology better suited for these application…
View article: Ozone- and Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated Oxidation of Pharmaceutical Compounds Using Ni-Doped Sb–SnO<sub>2</sub> Anodes: Degradation Kinetics and Transformation Products
Ozone- and Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated Oxidation of Pharmaceutical Compounds Using Ni-Doped Sb–SnO<sub>2</sub> Anodes: Degradation Kinetics and Transformation Products Open
Electrochemical oxidation provides a versatile technique for treating wastewater streams onsite. We previously reported that a two-layer heterojunction Ni-Sb-SnO2 anode (NAT/AT) can produce both ozone (O3) and hydroxyl radical (•OH). In th…
View article: Long Plane Trees
Long Plane Trees Open
In the longest plane spanning tree problem, we are given a finite planar point set 𝒫, and our task is to find a plane (i.e., noncrossing) spanning tree T_OPT for 𝒫 with maximum total Euclidean edge length |T_OPT|. Despite more than two dec…
View article: Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs
Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs Open
An obstacle representation of a graph G consists of a set of pairwise disjoint simply-connected closed regions and a one-to-one mapping of the vertices of G to points such that two vertices are adjacent in G if and only if the line segment…
View article: Speech-generated aerosol settling times and viral viability can improve COVID-19 transmission prediction
Speech-generated aerosol settling times and viral viability can improve COVID-19 transmission prediction Open
Speech generates droplets averaged 6 μm in size. Their settling time and SARS-CoV-2 viral viability inside those droplets, both calculated from temperature and relative humidity, predict COVID transmission rates within one-sigma interval.
View article: James J. Morgan: Special Tribute Issue
James J. Morgan: Special Tribute Issue Open
It is almost exactly one year since the environmental science and engineering community lost one of its preeminent leaders, James (Jim) Morgan (1932–2020). This special issue honors Jim’s many contributions to our field, especially his ser…
View article: Diamond Electrode Facilitated Electrosynthesis of Water and Wastewater Treatment Oxidants
Diamond Electrode Facilitated Electrosynthesis of Water and Wastewater Treatment Oxidants Open
This is the accepted manuscript version of the work published in its final form as Mora, A. S., McBeath, S. T., Cid, C. A., Hoffmann, M. R., & Graham, N. J. (2022). Diamond electrode facilitated electrosynthesis of water and wastewater tre…
View article: Onsite Graywater Treatment in a Two-Stage Electro-Peroxone Reactor with a Partial Recycle of Treated Effluent
Onsite Graywater Treatment in a Two-Stage Electro-Peroxone Reactor with a Partial Recycle of Treated Effluent Open
The efficacy of an uncoupled electro-peroxone (E-peroxone) prototype reactor system for the treatment of synthetic graywater is determined. The two-stage E-peroxone process integrates ozonation with the in situ production of hydrogen perox…
View article: Mixed Metal Oxide Electrodes and the Chlorine Evolution Reaction
Mixed Metal Oxide Electrodes and the Chlorine Evolution Reaction Open
The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) has practical applications in the chlor-alkali industry and electrochemical wastewater treatment. Efficient, stable, and cost-effective electrodes are critical for energy efficient chlorine production,…
View article: Application of Heterojunction Ni–Sb–SnO<sub>2</sub> Anodes for Electrochemical Water Treatment
Application of Heterojunction Ni–Sb–SnO<sub>2</sub> Anodes for Electrochemical Water Treatment Open
Clean water supply and adequate sanitation services are critical for public health as well as for food production. Small-scale decentralized treatment represents an attractive alternative that can provide necessary water treatment in many …