M. Marisaldi
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View article: Hunting for Gamma Rays above Thunderstorms: The ALOFT Campaign
Hunting for Gamma Rays above Thunderstorms: The ALOFT Campaign Open
An internationally collaborative airborne campaign in July 2023—led by the University of Bergen (Norway) and NASA, with contributions from many other institutions—discovered that thunderstorms near Florida and Central America produce gamma…
View article: A New View of Gamma Rays from Thunderclouds
A New View of Gamma Rays from Thunderclouds Open
Observations from high-flying aircraft revealed that thunderclouds act as natural particle accelerators, emitting energetic electromagnetic radiation more often than scientists expected.
View article: The difference between multiple TGFs and FGFs
The difference between multiple TGFs and FGFs Open
Atmosphere Space Interaction Monitor (ASIM) has been in operation since 2018 to observe Terrestrial Gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) and optical signals from lightning. ASIM has two payloads, the Modular X- and Gamma-ray Sensor (MXGS) and the Modu…
View article: Evidence of gamma-ray glows observed in the relativistic feedback regime during the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign
Evidence of gamma-ray glows observed in the relativistic feedback regime during the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign Open
In July 2023, the ALOFT flight campaign deployed an ER-2 research aircraft that flew at 20 km altitude above thunderstorms, carrying an extensive suite of instruments. The campaign observed numerous gamma-ray glows exhibiting complex and h…
View article: Optical and radio emissions from different high-energy electron acceleration mechanisms
Optical and radio emissions from different high-energy electron acceleration mechanisms Open
Electric fields in thunderclouds can accelerate electrons to relativistic energies, which leads to bremsstrahlung production of gamma radiation. This radiation was recently recorded by the ALOFT experimental aircraft campaign [1], and may …
View article: New Class of Gamma-Ray Flashes Indicate Gamma Glow Reset through Fast Streamer Discharge.
New Class of Gamma-Ray Flashes Indicate Gamma Glow Reset through Fast Streamer Discharge. Open
Recent aircraft campaign over the Caribbean region in July 2023, called ALOFT, resulted in several discoveries that significantly improved our understanding of atmospheric gamma-ray phenomena. It was demonstrated that strong convective sys…
View article: Investigating the termination mechanisms of gamma-ray glows observed during the ALOFT aircraft campaign
Investigating the termination mechanisms of gamma-ray glows observed during the ALOFT aircraft campaign Open
During the Airborne Lightning Observatory for FEGS and TGFs (ALOFT) campaign conducted in the summer of 2023, hundreds of gamma-ray glows were observed. Numerous glow regions, each consisting of several individual glows, were observed as t…
View article: Testing the hypothesis of lightning initiation by runaway air breakdown with ALOFT data
Testing the hypothesis of lightning initiation by runaway air breakdown with ALOFT data Open
Lightning initiation is one of the top unsolved problems in atmospheric electricity. Runaway electron breakdown of air has been suggested to play a key role in lightning initiation, by locally enhancing the ambient electric field above the…
View article: A parameter-space exploration of the Relativistic Discharge Model mapping for which conditions ALOFT’s Flickering Gamma-ray Flashes are produced
A parameter-space exploration of the Relativistic Discharge Model mapping for which conditions ALOFT’s Flickering Gamma-ray Flashes are produced Open
During the ALOFT flight campaign, July 2023, a novel type of multi-pulse gamma-ray emission from thunderclouds was systematically recorded. Referred to as flickering gamma-ray flashes (FGFs), this type of emission is not linked with lightn…
View article: Mandatory retrieval test to incentivize retrieval practice of physics principles
Mandatory retrieval test to incentivize retrieval practice of physics principles Open
Students and educators often face time constraints, making it essential to develop interventions that are both easy to implement and have a substantial impact on learning and performance. One promising strategy is retrieval practice, parti…
View article: Discerning TGF and Leader Current Pulse in ASIM Observation
Discerning TGF and Leader Current Pulse in ASIM Observation Open
Terrestrial gamma ray flash (TGF) observations made by the Atmosphere‐Space Interaction Monitor (ASIM) have demonstrated that these TGFs are accompanied by a prominent optical pulse from a hot leader channel. It is hard to confidently reso…
View article: Evidence of a New Population of Weak Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Observed From Aircraft Altitude
Evidence of a New Population of Weak Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Observed From Aircraft Altitude Open
Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs) are ten‐to‐hundreds of microsecond bursts of gamma‐rays produced when electrons in strong electric fields in thunderclouds are accelerated to relativistic energies. Space instruments have observed TGFs …
View article: TGFs observed by the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign during an ISS overpass
TGFs observed by the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign during an ISS overpass Open
During the Airborne Lightning Observatory for FEGS and TGFs (ALOFT) campaign in July 2023, the International Space Station (ISS), at an altitude of approximately 410 km, passed over the same region as covered by ALOFT within a short time p…
View article: TGF and gamma-ray glow highlights from the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign
TGF and gamma-ray glow highlights from the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign Open
During the summer of 2023 the  Airborne Lighting Observatory for FEGS and TGFs (ALOFT) field campaign was performed. With a NASA ER-2 research aircraft, flying at 20 km altitude, ALOFT was searching for Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes (…
View article: A novel view of gamma-ray glows from the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign
A novel view of gamma-ray glows from the ALOFT 2023 flight campaign Open
The Airborne Lightning Observatory for FEGS and TGFs (ALOFT) was a field campaign targeted at Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) and gamma-ray glows from thunderclouds. The campaign was successfully carried out during July 2023, for a to…
View article: Spectral Analysis of High-Energy Radiation Events Observed during the ALOFT 2023 Campaign
Spectral Analysis of High-Energy Radiation Events Observed during the ALOFT 2023 Campaign Open
The Airborne Lighting Observatory for FEGS and TGFs (ALOFT) is equipped with a comprehensive set of instruments on-board a NASA ER-2 research aircraft for observing Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs) and gamma-ray glows from thundercloud…
View article: Glow-terminating terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed during the ALOFT Campaign
Glow-terminating terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed during the ALOFT Campaign Open
The ALOFT campaign targeted aircraft measurements of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) through NASA ER-2 overflights of strong thunderstorms.  We report here the analysis of glow-terminating TGFs (GT-TGFs) that occur at the end of …
View article: Thundercloud high-energy radiation production by long streamers
Thundercloud high-energy radiation production by long streamers Open
The novel Streamer Parameter Model (SPM) [Lehtinen, 2021, doi:10.1007/s11141-021-10108-5] allows to quickly calculate the shape, velocity, and electric field of an electric streamer in air, without resorting to lengthy hydrodynamic simulat…
View article: High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves
High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves Open
Elves are observed as expanding rings of light in the UV and visible optical bands. They are produced when electromagnetic pulses from lightning discharges interact with the lower parts of the ionosphere. Elves are well known to be associa…
View article: AGILE Gamma-Ray Detection of the Exceptional GRB 221009A
AGILE Gamma-Ray Detection of the Exceptional GRB 221009A Open
Gamma-ray emission in the MeV–GeV range from explosive cosmic events is of invaluable relevance to understanding physical processes related to the formation of neutron stars and black holes. Here we report on the detection by the AGILE sat…
View article: AGILE gamma-ray detection of the exceptional GRB 221009A
AGILE gamma-ray detection of the exceptional GRB 221009A Open
Gamma-ray emission in the MeV-GeV range from explosive cosmic events is of invaluable relevance to understanding physical processes related to the formation of neutron stars and black holes. Here we report on the detection by the AGILE sat…
View article: Characterization of Thunderstorm Cells Producing Observable Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes
Characterization of Thunderstorm Cells Producing Observable Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Open
The meteorological conditions required for the production of Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flashes (TGFs) are not well understood. Particularly, the link between TGF production, meteorology, and weather severity is poorly characterized with most w…
View article: Snowmass UHECR Whitepaper: Requirements on Future Instrumentation
Snowmass UHECR Whitepaper: Requirements on Future Instrumentation Open
Complementing the overview contribution about the whitepaper on ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) prepared for the Snowmass community survey in the U.S. [Astroparticle Physics 149 (2023) 102819 - arXiv:2205.05845], this contribution fo…